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List of Book of the Dead spells

January 01, 1970

This is a list of all the 189 known spells in the Book of the Dead, and what they are for.

1 - 20 edit

1. For the day of burial. Often accompanied with a lavish vignette showing a funerary procession.[1] A spell for going out into the day.[2]
1B. Recitation for the day of burial.[3] Spell for permitting the noble dead to descend to the Netherworld on the day of the interment.[4]
2. A spell for going out into the day and living after death.[5]
3. Another like it.[5]
4. Spell for passing on the upper road of Rosetjau.[5] Rosetjau is the "name of the Necropolis of Giza or Memphis, later extended to the Other World in general."[6]
5. Spell for not doing work in the realm of the dead.
6. A shabti spell. First attested as Spell 472 of the Coffin Texts. The text of the spell reads-

Spell for causing a shabti to do work for a man in the realm of the dead: O shabti, allotted to me, if I be summoned or if I be detailed to do any work which has to be done in the realm of the dead, if indeed any obstacles are implanted for you therewith as a man at his duties, you shall detail yourself for me on every occasion of making arable the fields, of flooding the banks or of conveying sand from east to west; 'Here I am', you shall say.

— Book of the Dead, spell 6.[7]
7. Protection from animals [8]
8. Spell for opening up the West by day.[5]
9. Identifies the owner with the god Horus, son of Osiris; and affirming that Osiris will triumph over his enemy Set, and asks for the gods to open a path for him. In the Papyrus of Ani this spell reads:

Words spoken by Ani: 'O you Soul [ba], greatly majestic, behold, I have come that I may see you; I open the Netherworld that I may see my father Osiris and drive away darkness, for I am beloved of him. I have come that I may see my father Osiris and that I may cut out the heart of Seth who has harmed my father Osiris. I have opened up every path which is in the sky and on earth, for I am the well-beloved son of my father Osiris. I am noble, I am a spirit [akh], I am equipped; O all you gods and all you spirits [akhu], prepare a path for me.

— Book of the Dead, spell 9.[7]
10. Another spell for a man's going out into the day against his foes in the realm of the dead.[9]
11. Spell for going out against a foe in the realm of the dead.[9]
12. Spell for going in and out.[9]
13. Spell for going in and out of the West.[9]
14. Spell for removing anger from the heart of the god.[10]
15. A hymn to the sun-god. Not a standard text; any one of a number of hymns might be used.[11]
16. Not a text but a large vignette depicting the sunrise, referring to the daily rebirth of Ra[12]
17. A text about the nature of the creator-god Atum. This is one of the longest, most complex, and most frequently included spells; the text is often so obscure that it incorporates comments or glosses explaining the meaning of the words or offering alternatives.[13] The purpose of this spell was to ensure the owner could demonstrate his knowledge of religious secrets if challenged in the afterlife.[14] It is first known as Spell 335 of the Coffin Texts.[13] Part of the spell, as found in the Papyrus of Ani, reads:

All the evil which was on me has been removed.

What does that mean? It means that I was cleansed on the day of my birth in the two great and noble marshes which are in Heracleopolis on the day when the common folk make offerings to the Great God who is therein.

What are they? 'Eternity' is the name of one; 'sea' is the name of the other. They are the Lake of Natron and the Lake of Maat.

Otherwise said: 'Eternity governs' is the name of one; 'Sea' is the name of the other.

Otherwise said: 'Seed of Eternity' is the name of one; 'sea' is the name of the other. As for that Great God who is therein, he is Ra himself

— Book of the Dead, spell 17.[15]
18. Often paired with Spell 17[16]
19. Enables the dead to wear a 'wreath of vindication', a floral garland bestowed after the completion of the Weighing of the Heart.[17]
20. The deceased appeals to Thoth to vindicate him before the tribunals of the gods.[18]

21–30: Preservation of the parts of being edit

21. Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual, which enabled the coffin to support life and take in nourishment.[3]
22. Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual; opening the mouth to enable the deceased to speak out in the Weighing of the Heart judgement.[3] The words include:

My mouth has been given to me that I may speak with it in the presence of the Great God

— Book of the Dead, spell 22[11]
23. Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual. The words include:

My mouth is opened, by mouth is split open by Shu with that iron harpoon of his with which he split open the mouths of the gods

— Book of the Dead, spell 23[3]
24. Secured some essential ability for the deceased.
25. Caused the deceased to remember his name after death. The name was regarded as a vital part of being. It begins:

I have put my name in the Upper Egyptian shrine, I [have] made my name to be remembered in the Lower Egyptian shrine, on this night of counting the years and of numbering the months...

— Book of the Dead, spell 25[19]
26. Helped to preserve the dead person's heart, and the heart's role in re-unifying the dead person's body and soul. It is sometimes illustrated with a vignette showing the god Anubis handing the deceased their own heart.[20]
27. Guarding against the theft or corruption of the deceased's heart by a group of gods, called 'those who steal hearts', and preventing the heart from betraying its owner at the Weighing of the Heart ritual[21]
28. Guarding against the loss of the heart.[22]
29. Guarding against the loss of the heart.[22]
29A. Guarding against the loss of the heart.[22]
29B. Guarding against the loss of the heart, by means of a heart amulet. This spell is found in manuscripts and also inscribed on heart-shaped amulets buried with the dead. Reads "I am the benu, the soul of Ra, who guides gods to the Netherworld when they go forth. The souls on earth will do what they desire, and the soul of [the deceased] will go forth at his desire".[23]
30. A heart spell.
30B. An appeal to the heart not to betray its owner in the Weighing of the Heart ritual (later described in Spell 125. Often inscribed on heart scarab amulets as well as on a manuscript. This spell also claims to have been found by a Prince Hordjedef of the 4th Dynasty; perhaps unlikely as the spell is first attested many years later, in the Second Intermediate Period. The spell includes this section about its own provenance

This spell was found in Hermopolis, under the feet of this god. It was written on a block of mineral of Upper Egypt in the writings of the god himself, and was discovered in the time of [King] Menkaure. It was the king's son Hordjedef who found it while he was going around making an inspection of the temples.

— Book of the Dead, spell 30B[24]

The section imploring the heart reads:

O my heart of my mother! O my heart of my mother! O my heart of my different forms! Do not stand up as a witness against me, do not be opposed to me in the tribunal, do not be hostile to me in the presence of the Keeper of the Balance, for you are my ka which was in my body, the protector who made my members hale. Go forth to the happy place whereto we speed, do not make my name stink to the Entourage who make men. Do not tell lies about me in the presence of the god. It is indeed well that you should hear!

— Book of the Dead, spell 30B[25]

31–53: Protection from peril edit

31. To stop the dead being harmed by crocodiles in the afterlife.

Get back! Retreat! Get back, you dangerous one! Do not come against me, do not live by my magic; may I not have to tell this name of yours to the Great God who sent you; 'Messenger' is the name of one, and Bedty is the name of the other. The crocodile speaks: 'Your face belongs to righteousness. The sky encloses the stars, magic encloses its settlements, and my mouth encloses the magic which is in it. My teeth are a knife, my tusks are the Viper Mountain. The deceased replied: 'O you with a spine who would work your mouth against this magic of mine, no crocodile which lives by magic shall take it away'

— Book of the Dead, spell 31[8]
32. The deceased takes on the identity of Ra and drives back eight crocodiles with a spear.

Get back you crocodile of the West, who lives on the Unwearying Stars!

Detestation of you is in my belly, for I have absorbed the power of Osiris, and I am Seth.

Get back, you crocodile of the West! The nau-snake is in my belly, and I have not given myself to you, your flame will not be on me.

— Book of the Dead, spell 32[26]
33. Protection against snakes: "O rerek-snake, take yourself off, for Geb protects me, get up, for you have eaten a mouse, which Ra detests, and you have chewed the bones of a putrid cat"[27] This is the first of five spells which protect the deceased from falling victim to snakes in the afterlife.[28]
34. Protection against snakebite.[28]
35. Protection against being eaten by snakes.[28]
36. Protection against the apshai-insect: "Begone from me, O Crooked-lips! I am Khnum, Lord of Shen, who despatches the words of the gods to Ra, and I report affairs to their master."[27]
37. Protection against 'songstress snakes'.[28]
38. Protection against hostile animals.
39. Protection against snakes.[28]
40. Protection against "him who swallowed a donkey", a snake who is shown eating a donkey.[28]
41. Prevents the deceased from being slaughtered by demonic servants of Osiris.[29]
42. Served the same purpose as 41, but also contains a list of all the essential parts of the body and their divine parallels.

My hair is Nu; my face is Ra; my eyes are Hathor; my ears are Wepwawet; my nose is She who presides over her lotus leaf; my lips are Anubis; my molars are Selkis; my incisors are Isis the goddess; my arms are the Ram, the Lord of mendes; my breast is Neith, Lady of Sais; my back is Seth; my phallus is Osiris; my muscles are the Lords of Kheraha; my chest is he who is greatly majestic; my belly and my spine are Sekhmet; my buttocks are the Eye of Horus; my thighs and my calves are Nut; my feet are Ptah; my toes are living falcons; there is no member of mine devoid of a god, and Thoth is the protection of all my flesh.

— Book of the Dead, spell 42[30]
43. Prevents decapitation in the afterlife and identifies the deceased with Osiris. "I am a flame, the son of a flame, to whom was given his head after it had been cut off. the head of Osiris shall not be taken from him, and my head shall not be taken from me."[31]
44. For 'Not dying a second time in the realm of the dead'.[29]
45. To prevent putrefaction.[32]
46. To prevent perishing.[29]
47. To prevent the deceased's place being taken.[29]
48. To go out justified.[33]
49. To go out against one's enemies in the underworld.[33]
50. To escape from the slaughter-place.[29]
51. To not go upside down in the underworld.[33][34]
52. To not eat excrement in the underworld.[33]
53. To not eat excrement or drink urine in the underworld.[33]

54–63: Empowering to breathe and drink edit

54. Giving the deceased power over air or water [35]
55. 'For giving breath', that is allowing the deceased to breathe once more [36]
56. Giving the deceased power over air or water [35]
57. Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power over water.[37]
58. Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power over water.[38]
59. Giving the deceased the power to breathe in air and to have power over water. It is addressed to the sycomore fig tree, symbol of the sky-goddess Nut, and reads:

'O you sycomore of the sky, may there be given to me the air which is in it, for I am he who sought out that throne in the midst of Wenu [Hermopolis]. I have guarded this egg of the Great Cackler. If it grows, I grow; if it lives, I life; if it breathes air, I breathe air.[39]

60. Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power. over water.[37]
61. 'For not letting a man's soul be taken away.' [36]
62. 'For drinking water in the realm of the dead.' [36]
63A. 'For drinking water and not being burnt by fire.' [37]
63B. Prevents the owner from being scalded.[35]

64–89: Coming Forth by Day edit

64. Going out by day, in a single formula.[33]
65. For 'coming forth by day' and having power over enemies.[37]
66. Going out into the day.[40]
67. Spell for opening the tomb.[40]
68. For 'coming forth by day' and ensuring power. Part reads:

May I have power in my heart, may I have power in my arms, may I have power in my legs, may I have power in my mouth, may I have power in all my members may I have power over invocation-offerings, may I have power over water ... air ... the waters ... streams ... riparian lands ... men who would harm me ... women who would harm me in the realm of the dead ... those who would give orders to harm me upon earth.

— 'Book of the Dead, spell 68.[37]
69. Spell for being the successor of Osiris.[41]
70. An alternate version of Spell 69.[42]
71. For 'coming forth by day'.[43]
72. Spell for going out into the day and opening up the tomb.[44]
73. For opening the west by day, for opening the chamber (repeated as chapter 9).[33]
74. Spell for being swift-footed when going out from the earth.[45]
75. Spell for going to Heliopolis and receiving a throne there.[45]
76. Enables transformation into any form desired. This is the first of a group of 'transformation spells', 76–88, which are about giving the deceased the power to take a number of different forms, enabling them to travel the world of the living during the day and returning to the underworld at night.[46]
77. Spell for being transformed into a falcon of gold.[45]
78. Spell for being transformed into a divine falcon. This spell is in dramatic form, with various characters, such as Osiris, Horus, a messenger, and "The Double Lion". It appears to be part of the text as a religious drama recited as a temple ritual. Here it is used simply as a magic spell.[47]
79. Spell for becoming an elder of the tribunal.[48]
80. Making transformation into a god and giving light and darkness.[48]
81A. Spell for being transformed into a lotus.[49]
81B. Spell for being transformed into a lotus.[49]
82. Spell for becoming Ptah, eating bread, drinking beer, purifying the hinder-parts, and being alive in Heliopolis.[50]
83. Spell for being transformed into a phoenix.[50]
84. Spell for being transformed into a heron.[51]
85. Spell for being transformed into a living soul and not entering into the place of execution.[52]
86. Spell for being transformed into a swallow.[53]
87. Spell for being transformed into a snake.[54]
88. Spell for being transformed into a crocodile.[54]
89. Allowed the ba-spirit of the deceased to rejoin the deceased. Typically with a vignette showing the ba, represented as a bird with a human head, flying over a mummy. Reads:

Come for my soul, O you wardens of the sky! If you delay letting my soul see my corpse, you will find the eye of Horus standing up thus against you ... The sacred barque will be joyful and the great god will proceed in peace when you allow this soul of mine to ascend vindicated to the gods... May it see my corpse, may it rest on my mummy, which will never be destroyed or perish.

— Book of the Dead, spell 89.[55]

90–123: Navigating the Underworld edit

90. Spell for removing foolish speech from the mouth. This spell admonishes and repels an evil entity that "cut[s] off heads and sever[s] necks".[56]
91. Spell for not restraining a person's soul in the realm of the dead.[57]
92. Spell for opening the tomb to a shade so that he may go out into the day and have power in his legs.[58]
93. Spell for not letting a person be ferried over to the East in the realm of the dead.[59]
94. Spell for requesting a water-pot and a palette.[59]
95. Spell for being beside Thoth.[59]
96. Spell for being beside Thoth.[59]
97. Spell for causing a man to be a spirit in the realm of the dead.[59]
98–99. Allowed the deceased to use ferryboats in the Underworld.[60]
100–2. Regarding the deceased's journey on the barque of Ra.[60]
103. Spell for being in the presence of Hathor. Reads: "I am one who passes by, pure and bald; O Sistrum-player, I will be in the suite of Hathor."[61]
104. Spell for sitting among the great gods.[62]
105. To satisfy the ka. The ka required offerings of food, water, natron, and incense; these were shown being supplied in the vignette to this spell. These offerings also help to cleanse the ka of any wrongdoing.[38]
106. Spell for giving gifts to one in Memphis and in the realm of the dead.[62]
107. For going in and out from the gate of the westerners.[33]
108–9. Ensures the deceased knows the souls of West and East.[63] 109 also refers to the paradisical 'Field of Reeds'.
110. A depiction of the 'Field of Reeds', an afterlife in a land of plenty largely similar to the land of the living. Typically illustrated with a large vignette.[64]
111. For knowing the powers of Pe.[33]
112–6. Names of the souls of sacred locations in Egypt; Pe, Nekhen, Hermopolis, and Heliopolis.[63]
117. Spell for taking the road in Rosetjau.[65]
118. Spell for arriving in Rosetjau.[65]
119. Spell for going forth from Rosetjau.[65]
120. For going in and out (repeated as chapter 12).[33]
121. For going in after going out (repeated as chapter 13).[33]
122. Spell for entering after coming out.[65]
123. Spell for entering into the Great Mansion.[66]

124-6: Judgement edit

124. Spell for going down to the Tribunal of Osiris.[66]
125. This spell describes the Weighing of the Heart judgement ritual. The deceased is led by Anubis into the presence of Osiris, and there makes a 'negative confession', saying that he is innocent of a list of 42 crimes, in front of 42 judges. His heart is then weighed against a feather, representing truth, justice, and the goddess Ma'at. If he is innocent, he is led to Osiris; a demon called Ammut, the Devourer, stands by to eat the heart of the guilty.[67]
126. An additional judgement ritual, sometimes also depicted in the vignette to spell 125. The deceased approaches a lake of fire guarded by four baboons. If the deceased was evil, they would be burned by the flames; however, the blessed dead received nourishment from it.[68]

127–143: Journeys in the Duat and on the Barque of Ra edit

127. 'Worshipping the gods of the caverns'; instructions on how to deal with supernatural entities who the deceased had to pass on his way. Part reads: "O you door-keepers who guard your portals, who swallow souls and who gulp down the corpses of the dead who pass you by when they are allotted to the House of Destruction... May you guide [the deceased], may you open the portals for him, may the earth open its caverns to him, may you make him triumphant over his enemies".[69]
128. Spell for worshipping Osiris.[70]
129. Refers to the barque of Ra.[71]
130. Made the disparate parts of the deceased's being into an effective akh with an eternal ba.[72] 130–136 (including 136A and 136B) all illustrate the journey of the deceased in the solar barque, and could be illustrated with the same vignette, perhaps indicating some repetition.[73]
131. Spell for being in the presence of Ra.[74]
132. Spell for causing a man to turn about in order to see his house upon earth.[75]
133. Writing for making a spirit worthy, to be recited on the first of the month.[75]
134. 'For making a spirit worthy'; a funerary spell, to be pronounced by the living, to help the deceased triumph over their enemies. Reads:

To be spoken over a falcon standing with the White Crown on his head; Atum, Shu and Tefnut, Geb and Nut, Osiris and Isis, Seth and Nepthys being drawn in ochre on a new bowl placed in the sacred barque, together with an image of this spirit (ba) whom you wish to be made worthy, it being anointed with oil. Offer to them incense on the fire and roasted ducks, and worship Ra. It means that he for whom this is done will voyage and be with Ra every day in every place he desires to travel, and it means that the enemies of Ra will be driven off in very deed. A matter a million times true.

— Book of the Dead, spell 134.[76]
135. Another spell to be said when the moon is new on the first day of the month.[77]
136A. Another spell for making a spirit worthy on the Festival of the Sixth Day.[78]
136B. Spell for sailing in the Great Barque of Ra and for passing over the circle of fire.[79]
137A. Like Spell 30B, this spell was allegedly first said to have been found by Prince Horjedef of the 4th Dynasty.[80] Spell for four torches for the ceremonies which are carried out for a spirit. You shall make four basins of clay beaten up with incense and filled with milk of a white cow; the torches are to be quenched in them.[81]
137B. The birth-goddess Ipet drives off Set using a flaming torch.[82]
138. Spell for entering Abydos and being in suite of Osiris.[83]
139. Hymn to Atum (repeated as chapter 123)[33]
140. Book to be recruited in the second month of winter, last day, when completing the Sacred Eye in the month of winter, last day.[83]
141. Book to be spoken on the day of the Festival of the New Moon.[83]
142. Book for making the transfigured spirit excellent, enabling hi to proceed free in his steps, to go out by day, in any form he wishes, to know the names of Osiris in all his places where he may wish to be[33]
143. (illustration after the litany covering chapters 141-142)[33]

144–150: Gates, caverns, mounds, and guardians edit

144. Lists the names of the creatures serving as keeper, guard, and announcer at each of seven gates. their names are fairly terrifying, for instance "He who lives on snakes", or "Hippopotamus-faced, raging of power". By knowing these gates, the deceased can persuade them to let him through. To the guardians the deceased says:

O you gates, you who keep the gates because of Osiris, O you who guard them and who report the affairs of the Two Lands to Osiris every day; I know you and I know your names.

— Book of the Dead, spell 144[84]
If uttered correctly, this spell ensures "he will not be driven off or turned away at the portals of the Netherworld".[84]
145. An alternative form of 146.[85]
146. Describes twenty-one 'portals of the House of Osiris in the Field of Reeds', each with a deity and a door-keeper. The names and descriptions of these entities are more elaborate and just as terrifying as those in 144.[86]
147. A gate spell.[87]
148. 'For making provision for a spirit in the realm of the dead'. This spell provided the names of the Bull of Heaven and his seven cows, providing an eternal supply of food and beer. Their names are:

The names of the cattle are:

Mansion of Kas, Mistress of All.

Silent One who dwells in her place

She of Chemmis whom the god ennobled

The Much Beloved, red of hair

She who protects in life, the particoloured.

She whose name has power in her craft and sucking toes.

Storm in the sky which wafts the god aloft

The bull, husband of the cows.

— Book of the Dead, Spell 148.[88]
149. A lengthy spell which lists 14 mounds which the deceased would have to pass in the underworld. As with the gates of spells 144–7, these mounds are guarded by gods and monsters.[89]
150. Has no text, but is a pictorial summary of the mounds in the Underworld. However, in this spell there are 15 mounds, while in 149 there are only 14.[90]

151–189: Amuletic and protective spells edit

 
Illustration for spell 151 on a coffin, ca. 710–680 BC
151. Regarding the protection of the deceased in their tomb. This spell consists of a very large illustration, made up of a number of smaller images and texts, many of which derive from the older Coffin Texts. The purpose of this spell is to collect together the magical aids which were required for a burial, and also to perpetuate the protective funerary rituals. Some of these texts were also used on coffins, or on mud bricks placed in niches in the walls of a high-status funeral chamber.[91]
152. Spell for building a mansion on earth.[92]
153A and 153B. These spells both deal with the risk of being caught in a trap, a giant net which stretches between heaven and earth.[55]
154. 'For not letting the corpse perish'; this spell describes the decomposition of the body, but assures the deceased that they will triumph over it.[22]
155. For a djed pillar amulet.[93]
156. For an Isis knot amulet.[93]
157. For an amuletic golden vulture collar.[94]
158. For an amuletic golden falcon collar.[94]
159. For a papyrus column amulet.[94]
160. For a papyrus column amulet.[94]
161. Describes how the four winds are released through openings in the sky to give the dead person the breath of life. Often combined with passages from spell 151[95]
162. A spell to cause to come into being a flame beneath the head of a spirit.[96] 162 through 174 appear to have been composed during the Late Period.[16]
163. Spell for preventing a man's corpse from putrefying in the realm of the dead in order to rescue him from the eater of souls.[97]
164. A spell to preserve a person's body after death, to be said over a figurine of three-headed Mut.[98]
165. Spell for mooring and noth letting the Sacred Eye be injured, for maintaining the corpse and drinking water.[99]
166. Spell for a headrest and to prevent decapitation.[99]
167. Spell for bringing a Sacred Eye.[100]
168. This spell lists the gods and monsters of the caverns in Osiris's domain.[100]
169. Spell for erecting a bier.[101]
170. Spell for assembling a bier.[102]
171. Spell for donning a pure garment.[102]
172. Here begin the spells of praising which are made in the realm of the dead.[102]
173. A long list of greetings from Horus to Osiris.[103]
174. Spell for letter a spirit go out from the great gate in the sky.[104]
175. Spell for not dying again.[105]
176. Another spell for not dying again.[105]
177. Spell for raising up a spirit and causing a soul to live in the realm of the dead.[105]
178. Spell for raising the corpse, for having power in the eyes and ears and making the head firm when it has been set in its proper place.[106]
179. Spell for leaving yesterday and coming into today, which he asks himself and his members.[107]
180. Spell for going about the day, worshipping Ra in the West and giving praise to those who are in the Netherworld.[107]
181. Spell for going into the tribunal of Osiris and the gods who govern the Netherworld.[108]
182. A rare spell titled 'Book for the permanence of Osiris, giving breath to the inert One in the present of Thoth, and repelling the enemy of Osiris'. This spell invokes the power of Thoth in order to ensure the mummy of the deceased is protected by a large number of gods and spirits, who are similar in appearance to the fearsome guardians of the gates, caverns and mounds mentioned in earlier spells.[109]
183. Spell for worhsipping Osiris.[110]
184. For being beside Osiris.[33]
185. A hymn to Osiris.[111]
186. A hymn to Hathor.[112]
187. Spell for going in to the Ennead.[112]
188. Sending a soul, building tomb-chambers, and going out into the day among men.[112]
189. For not eating faeces or drinking urine.[34]

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Taylor 2010, p.93
  2. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.34
  3. ^ a b c d Taylor 2010, p.88
  4. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.35
  5. ^ a b c d Faulkner 1985, p.36
  6. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.192
  7. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.43
  8. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.184
  9. ^ a b c d Faulkner 1985, p.37
  10. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.39
  11. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.89
  12. ^ Taylor 2010, p.89, p.246 9
  13. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p. 35
  14. ^ Taylor 2010, p.51
  15. ^ Taylor 2010, p.53
  16. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.272
  17. ^ Taylor 2010, p.215
  18. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.50
  19. ^ Taylor 2010, p.163
  20. ^ Taylor 2010, p.161, 172
  21. ^ Taylor 2010, p.162
  22. ^ a b c d Taylor 2010, p.161
  23. ^ Taylor 2010, p.174
  24. ^ Taylor 2010, p.234
  25. ^ Taylor 2010, p.209
  26. ^ Taylor 2010, p.185
  27. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.194
  28. ^ a b c d e f Taylor 2010, p.186
  29. ^ a b c d e Taylor 2010, p.188
  30. ^ Taylor 2010, p.162–3
  31. ^ Taylor 2010, p.75, 161
  32. ^ Taylor 2010, p.161, 188
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Quirke, Stephen. "Book of the Dead". University College London. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
  34. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.190
  35. ^ a b c Taylor 2010, p.165
  36. ^ a b c Taylor 2010, p.175
  37. ^ a b c d e Taylor 2010, p.171
  38. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.164
  39. ^ Taylor 2010, p.176
  40. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.69
  41. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.70
  42. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.71
  43. ^ Taylor 2010, p.75
  44. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.72
  45. ^ a b c Faulkner 1985, p.73
  46. ^ Taylor 2010, p.166
  47. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.74
  48. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.78
  49. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.79
  50. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.80
  51. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.81
  52. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.82
  53. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.83
  54. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.84
  55. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.189
  56. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.85
  57. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.86
  58. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.87
  59. ^ a b c d e Faulkner 1985, p.88
  60. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.57
  61. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.100
  62. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.101
  63. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.140
  64. ^ Taylor 2010, p.259, 266
  65. ^ a b c d Faulkner 1985, p.113
  66. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.114
  67. ^ Taylor 2010, p.206–9
  68. ^ Taylor 2010, p.217
  69. ^ Taylor 2010, p.132, 136
  70. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.116
  71. ^ Taylor 2010, p.240
  72. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 165
  73. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 273
  74. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.120
  75. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.121
  76. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 48
  77. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.123
  78. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.124
  79. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.126
  80. ^ Taylor 2010, p.35
  81. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.127
  82. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 252
  83. ^ a b c Faulkner 1985, p.132
  84. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p. 136
  85. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 143
  86. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 137
  87. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 134
  88. ^ Taylor 2010, p. 140, 152–3
  89. ^ Taylor 2010, p.138, p.146
  90. ^ Taylor 2010, p.146
  91. ^ Taylor 2010, p.147–8
  92. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.149
  93. ^ a b Taylor 2010, p.128
  94. ^ a b c d Taylor 2010, p.131
  95. ^ Taylor 2010, p.116
  96. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.156
  97. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.158
  98. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.160
  99. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.161
  100. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.162
  101. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.166
  102. ^ a b c Faulkner 1985, p.170
  103. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.172
  104. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.173
  105. ^ a b c Faulkner 1985, p.175
  106. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.176
  107. ^ a b Faulkner 1985, p.177
  108. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.180
  109. ^ Taylor 2010, p.190,199
  110. ^ Faulkner 1985, p.184
  111. ^ Taylor 2010, p.252
  112. ^ a b c Faulkner 1985, p.185


Bibliography edit

Faulkner, Raymond O. (translator), Andrews, Carol (editor), The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. British Museum Publications, 46 Bloomsbury Street, London, Revised Edition 1985. ISBN 0-7141-0938-X

Taylor, John H. (translator), Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead: Journey through the afterlife. British Museum Press, London, 2010. ISBN 978-0-7141-1993-9

Further reading edit

  • Allen 1974. T.G. Allen. The Book of the Dead or Going Forth by Day. Chicago
  • Barguet 1967. P. Barguet. Le livre des morts des anciens egyptiens. Paris
  • Lapp 1997. Günther Lapp. The Papyrus of Nu. London

January 01, 1970
list, book, dead, spells, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, relies, largely, entirely, single, source, relevant, discussion, found, talk, p. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources List of Book of the Dead spells news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2010 This article needs attention from an expert in Ancient Egypt The specific problem is A revision with different sources WikiProject Ancient Egypt may be able to help recruit an expert July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message This is a list of all the 189 known spells in the Book of the Dead and what they are for Contents 1 1 20 2 21 30 Preservation of the parts of being 3 31 53 Protection from peril 4 54 63 Empowering to breathe and drink 5 64 89 Coming Forth by Day 6 90 123 Navigating the Underworld 7 124 6 Judgement 8 127 143 Journeys in the Duat and on the Barque of Ra 9 144 150 Gates caverns mounds and guardians 10 151 189 Amuletic and protective spells 11 References 11 1 Notes 11 2 Bibliography 12 Further reading1 20 edit1 For the day of burial Often accompanied with a lavish vignette showing a funerary procession 1 A spell for going out into the day 2 1B Recitation for the day of burial 3 Spell for permitting the noble dead to descend to the Netherworld on the day of the interment 4 2 A spell for going out into the day and living after death 5 3 Another like it 5 4 Spell for passing on the upper road of Rosetjau 5 Rosetjau is the name of the Necropolis of Giza or Memphis later extended to the Other World in general 6 5 Spell for not doing work in the realm of the dead 6 A shabti spell First attested as Spell 472 of the Coffin Texts The text of the spell reads Spell for causing a shabti to do work for a man in the realm of the dead O shabti allotted to me if I be summoned or if I be detailed to do any work which has to be done in the realm of the dead if indeed any obstacles are implanted for you therewith as a man at his duties you shall detail yourself for me on every occasion of making arable the fields of flooding the banks or of conveying sand from east to west Here I am you shall say Book of the Dead spell 6 7 7 Protection from animals 8 8 Spell for opening up the West by day 5 9 Identifies the owner with the god Horus son of Osiris and affirming that Osiris will triumph over his enemy Set and asks for the gods to open a path for him In the Papyrus of Ani this spell reads Words spoken by Ani O you Soul ba greatly majestic behold I have come that I may see you I open the Netherworld that I may see my father Osiris and drive away darkness for I am beloved of him I have come that I may see my father Osiris and that I may cut out the heart of Seth who has harmed my father Osiris I have opened up every path which is in the sky and on earth for I am the well beloved son of my father Osiris I am noble I am a spirit akh I am equipped O all you gods and all you spirits akhu prepare a path for me Book of the Dead spell 9 7 10 Another spell for a man s going out into the day against his foes in the realm of the dead 9 11 Spell for going out against a foe in the realm of the dead 9 12 Spell for going in and out 9 13 Spell for going in and out of the West 9 14 Spell for removing anger from the heart of the god 10 15 A hymn to the sun god Not a standard text any one of a number of hymns might be used 11 16 Not a text but a large vignette depicting the sunrise referring to the daily rebirth of Ra 12 17 A text about the nature of the creator god Atum This is one of the longest most complex and most frequently included spells the text is often so obscure that it incorporates comments or glosses explaining the meaning of the words or offering alternatives 13 The purpose of this spell was to ensure the owner could demonstrate his knowledge of religious secrets if challenged in the afterlife 14 It is first known as Spell 335 of the Coffin Texts 13 Part of the spell as found in the Papyrus of Ani reads All the evil which was on me has been removed What does that mean It means that I was cleansed on the day of my birth in the two great and noble marshes which are in Heracleopolis on the day when the common folk make offerings to the Great God who is therein What are they Eternity is the name of one sea is the name of the other They are the Lake of Natron and the Lake of Maat Otherwise said Eternity governs is the name of one Sea is the name of the other Otherwise said Seed of Eternity is the name of one sea is the name of the other As for that Great God who is therein he is Ra himself Book of the Dead spell 17 15 18 Often paired with Spell 17 16 19 Enables the dead to wear a wreath of vindication a floral garland bestowed after the completion of the Weighing of the Heart 17 20 The deceased appeals to Thoth to vindicate him before the tribunals of the gods 18 21 30 Preservation of the parts of being edit21 Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual which enabled the coffin to support life and take in nourishment 3 22 Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual opening the mouth to enable the deceased to speak out in the Weighing of the Heart judgement 3 The words include My mouth has been given to me that I may speak with it in the presence of the Great God Book of the Dead spell 22 11 23 Concerned with the Opening of the Mouth ritual The words include My mouth is opened by mouth is split open by Shu with that iron harpoon of his with which he split open the mouths of the gods Book of the Dead spell 23 3 24 Secured some essential ability for the deceased 25 Caused the deceased to remember his name after death The name was regarded as a vital part of being It begins I have put my name in the Upper Egyptian shrine I have made my name to be remembered in the Lower Egyptian shrine on this night of counting the years and of numbering the months Book of the Dead spell 25 19 26 Helped to preserve the dead person s heart and the heart s role in re unifying the dead person s body and soul It is sometimes illustrated with a vignette showing the god Anubis handing the deceased their own heart 20 27 Guarding against the theft or corruption of the deceased s heart by a group of gods called those who steal hearts and preventing the heart from betraying its owner at the Weighing of the Heart ritual 21 28 Guarding against the loss of the heart 22 29 Guarding against the loss of the heart 22 29A Guarding against the loss of the heart 22 29B Guarding against the loss of the heart by means of a heart amulet This spell is found in manuscripts and also inscribed on heart shaped amulets buried with the dead Reads I am the benu the soul of Ra who guides gods to the Netherworld when they go forth The souls on earth will do what they desire and the soul of the deceased will go forth at his desire 23 30 A heart spell 30B An appeal to the heart not to betray its owner in the Weighing of the Heart ritual later described in Spell 125 Often inscribed on heart scarab amulets as well as on a manuscript This spell also claims to have been found by a Prince Hordjedef of the 4th Dynasty perhaps unlikely as the spell is first attested many years later in the Second Intermediate Period The spell includes this section about its own provenance This spell was found in Hermopolis under the feet of this god It was written on a block of mineral of Upper Egypt in the writings of the god himself and was discovered in the time of King Menkaure It was the king s son Hordjedef who found it while he was going around making an inspection of the temples Book of the Dead spell 30B 24 The section imploring the heart reads O my heart of my mother O my heart of my mother O my heart of my different forms Do not stand up as a witness against me do not be opposed to me in the tribunal do not be hostile to me in the presence of the Keeper of the Balance for you are my ka which was in my body the protector who made my members hale Go forth to the happy place whereto we speed do not make my name stink to the Entourage who make men Do not tell lies about me in the presence of the god It is indeed well that you should hear Book of the Dead spell 30B 25 31 53 Protection from peril edit31 To stop the dead being harmed by crocodiles in the afterlife Get back Retreat Get back you dangerous one Do not come against me do not live by my magic may I not have to tell this name of yours to the Great God who sent you Messenger is the name of one and Bedty is the name of the other The crocodile speaks Your face belongs to righteousness The sky encloses the stars magic encloses its settlements and my mouth encloses the magic which is in it My teeth are a knife my tusks are the Viper Mountain The deceased replied O you with a spine who would work your mouth against this magic of mine no crocodile which lives by magic shall take it away Book of the Dead spell 31 8 32 The deceased takes on the identity of Ra and drives back eight crocodiles with a spear Get back you crocodile of the West who lives on the Unwearying Stars Detestation of you is in my belly for I have absorbed the power of Osiris and I am Seth Get back you crocodile of the West The nau snake is in my belly and I have not given myself to you your flame will not be on me Book of the Dead spell 32 26 33 Protection against snakes O rerek snake take yourself off for Geb protects me get up for you have eaten a mouse which Ra detests and you have chewed the bones of a putrid cat 27 This is the first of five spells which protect the deceased from falling victim to snakes in the afterlife 28 34 Protection against snakebite 28 35 Protection against being eaten by snakes 28 36 Protection against the apshai insect Begone from me O Crooked lips I am Khnum Lord of Shen who despatches the words of the gods to Ra and I report affairs to their master 27 37 Protection against songstress snakes 28 38 Protection against hostile animals 39 Protection against snakes 28 40 Protection against him who swallowed a donkey a snake who is shown eating a donkey 28 41 Prevents the deceased from being slaughtered by demonic servants of Osiris 29 42 Served the same purpose as 41 but also contains a list of all the essential parts of the body and their divine parallels My hair is Nu my face is Ra my eyes are Hathor my ears are Wepwawet my nose is She who presides over her lotus leaf my lips are Anubis my molars are Selkis my incisors are Isis the goddess my arms are the Ram the Lord of mendes my breast is Neith Lady of Sais my back is Seth my phallus is Osiris my muscles are the Lords of Kheraha my chest is he who is greatly majestic my belly and my spine are Sekhmet my buttocks are the Eye of Horus my thighs and my calves are Nut my feet are Ptah my toes are living falcons there is no member of mine devoid of a god and Thoth is the protection of all my flesh Book of the Dead spell 42 30 43 Prevents decapitation in the afterlife and identifies the deceased with Osiris I am a flame the son of a flame to whom was given his head after it had been cut off the head of Osiris shall not be taken from him and my head shall not be taken from me 31 44 For Not dying a second time in the realm of the dead 29 45 To prevent putrefaction 32 46 To prevent perishing 29 47 To prevent the deceased s place being taken 29 48 To go out justified 33 49 To go out against one s enemies in the underworld 33 50 To escape from the slaughter place 29 51 To not go upside down in the underworld 33 34 52 To not eat excrement in the underworld 33 53 To not eat excrement or drink urine in the underworld 33 54 63 Empowering to breathe and drink edit54 Giving the deceased power over air or water 35 55 For giving breath that is allowing the deceased to breathe once more 36 56 Giving the deceased power over air or water 35 57 Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power over water 37 58 Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power over water 38 59 Giving the deceased the power to breathe in air and to have power over water It is addressed to the sycomore fig tree symbol of the sky goddess Nut and reads O you sycomore of the sky may there be given to me the air which is in it for I am he who sought out that throne in the midst of Wenu Hermopolis I have guarded this egg of the Great Cackler If it grows I grow if it lives I life if it breathes air I breathe air 39 60 Giving the deceased the power to breathe air and to have power over water 37 61 For not letting a man s soul be taken away 36 62 For drinking water in the realm of the dead 36 63A For drinking water and not being burnt by fire 37 63B Prevents the owner from being scalded 35 64 89 Coming Forth by Day edit64 Going out by day in a single formula 33 65 For coming forth by day and having power over enemies 37 66 Going out into the day 40 67 Spell for opening the tomb 40 68 For coming forth by day and ensuring power Part reads May I have power in my heart may I have power in my arms may I have power in my legs may I have power in my mouth may I have power in all my members may I have power over invocation offerings may I have power over water air the waters streams riparian lands men who would harm me women who would harm me in the realm of the dead those who would give orders to harm me upon earth Book of the Dead spell 68 37 69 Spell for being the successor of Osiris 41 70 An alternate version of Spell 69 42 71 For coming forth by day 43 72 Spell for going out into the day and opening up the tomb 44 73 For opening the west by day for opening the chamber repeated as chapter 9 33 74 Spell for being swift footed when going out from the earth 45 75 Spell for going to Heliopolis and receiving a throne there 45 76 Enables transformation into any form desired This is the first of a group of transformation spells 76 88 which are about giving the deceased the power to take a number of different forms enabling them to travel the world of the living during the day and returning to the underworld at night 46 77 Spell for being transformed into a falcon of gold 45 78 Spell for being transformed into a divine falcon This spell is in dramatic form with various characters such as Osiris Horus a messenger and The Double Lion It appears to be part of the text as a religious drama recited as a temple ritual Here it is used simply as a magic spell 47 79 Spell for becoming an elder of the tribunal 48 80 Making transformation into a god and giving light and darkness 48 81A Spell for being transformed into a lotus 49 81B Spell for being transformed into a lotus 49 82 Spell for becoming Ptah eating bread drinking beer purifying the hinder parts and being alive in Heliopolis 50 83 Spell for being transformed into a phoenix 50 84 Spell for being transformed into a heron 51 85 Spell for being transformed into a living soul and not entering into the place of execution 52 86 Spell for being transformed into a swallow 53 87 Spell for being transformed into a snake 54 88 Spell for being transformed into a crocodile 54 89 Allowed the ba spirit of the deceased to rejoin the deceased Typically with a vignette showing the ba represented as a bird with a human head flying over a mummy Reads Come for my soul O you wardens of the sky If you delay letting my soul see my corpse you will find the eye of Horus standing up thus against you The sacred barque will be joyful and the great god will proceed in peace when you allow this soul of mine to ascend vindicated to the gods May it see my corpse may it rest on my mummy which will never be destroyed or perish Book of the Dead spell 89 55 90 123 Navigating the Underworld edit90 Spell for removing foolish speech from the mouth This spell admonishes and repels an evil entity that cut s off heads and sever s necks 56 91 Spell for not restraining a person s soul in the realm of the dead 57 92 Spell for opening the tomb to a shade so that he may go out into the day and have power in his legs 58 93 Spell for not letting a person be ferried over to the East in the realm of the dead 59 94 Spell for requesting a water pot and a palette 59 95 Spell for being beside Thoth 59 96 Spell for being beside Thoth 59 97 Spell for causing a man to be a spirit in the realm of the dead 59 98 99 Allowed the deceased to use ferryboats in the Underworld 60 100 2 Regarding the deceased s journey on the barque of Ra 60 103 Spell for being in the presence of Hathor Reads I am one who passes by pure and bald O Sistrum player I will be in the suite of Hathor 61 104 Spell for sitting among the great gods 62 105 To satisfy the ka The ka required offerings of food water natron and incense these were shown being supplied in the vignette to this spell These offerings also help to cleanse the ka of any wrongdoing 38 106 Spell for giving gifts to one in Memphis and in the realm of the dead 62 107 For going in and out from the gate of the westerners 33 108 9 Ensures the deceased knows the souls of West and East 63 109 also refers to the paradisical Field of Reeds 110 A depiction of the Field of Reeds an afterlife in a land of plenty largely similar to the land of the living Typically illustrated with a large vignette 64 111 For knowing the powers of Pe 33 112 6 Names of the souls of sacred locations in Egypt Pe Nekhen Hermopolis and Heliopolis 63 117 Spell for taking the road in Rosetjau 65 118 Spell for arriving in Rosetjau 65 119 Spell for going forth from Rosetjau 65 120 For going in and out repeated as chapter 12 33 121 For going in after going out repeated as chapter 13 33 122 Spell for entering after coming out 65 123 Spell for entering into the Great Mansion 66 124 6 Judgement edit124 Spell for going down to the Tribunal of Osiris 66 125 This spell describes the Weighing of the Heart judgement ritual The deceased is led by Anubis into the presence of Osiris and there makes a negative confession saying that he is innocent of a list of 42 crimes in front of 42 judges His heart is then weighed against a feather representing truth justice and the goddess Ma at If he is innocent he is led to Osiris a demon called Ammut the Devourer stands by to eat the heart of the guilty 67 126 An additional judgement ritual sometimes also depicted in the vignette to spell 125 The deceased approaches a lake of fire guarded by four baboons If the deceased was evil they would be burned by the flames however the blessed dead received nourishment from it 68 127 143 Journeys in the Duat and on the Barque of Ra edit127 Worshipping the gods of the caverns instructions on how to deal with supernatural entities who the deceased had to pass on his way Part reads O you door keepers who guard your portals who swallow souls and who gulp down the corpses of the dead who pass you by when they are allotted to the House of Destruction May you guide the deceased may you open the portals for him may the earth open its caverns to him may you make him triumphant over his enemies 69 128 Spell for worshipping Osiris 70 129 Refers to the barque of Ra 71 130 Made the disparate parts of the deceased s being into an effective akh with an eternal ba 72 130 136 including 136A and 136B all illustrate the journey of the deceased in the solar barque and could be illustrated with the same vignette perhaps indicating some repetition 73 131 Spell for being in the presence of Ra 74 132 Spell for causing a man to turn about in order to see his house upon earth 75 133 Writing for making a spirit worthy to be recited on the first of the month 75 134 For making a spirit worthy a funerary spell to be pronounced by the living to help the deceased triumph over their enemies Reads To be spoken over a falcon standing with the White Crown on his head Atum Shu and Tefnut Geb and Nut Osiris and Isis Seth and Nepthys being drawn in ochre on a new bowl placed in the sacred barque together with an image of this spirit ba whom you wish to be made worthy it being anointed with oil Offer to them incense on the fire and roasted ducks and worship Ra It means that he for whom this is done will voyage and be with Ra every day in every place he desires to travel and it means that the enemies of Ra will be driven off in very deed A matter a million times true Book of the Dead spell 134 76 135 Another spell to be said when the moon is new on the first day of the month 77 136A Another spell for making a spirit worthy on the Festival of the Sixth Day 78 136B Spell for sailing in the Great Barque of Ra and for passing over the circle of fire 79 137A Like Spell 30B this spell was allegedly first said to have been found by Prince Horjedef of the 4th Dynasty 80 Spell for four torches for the ceremonies which are carried out for a spirit You shall make four basins of clay beaten up with incense and filled with milk of a white cow the torches are to be quenched in them 81 137B The birth goddess Ipet drives off Set using a flaming torch 82 138 Spell for entering Abydos and being in suite of Osiris 83 139 Hymn to Atum repeated as chapter 123 33 140 Book to be recruited in the second month of winter last day when completing the Sacred Eye in the month of winter last day 83 141 Book to be spoken on the day of the Festival of the New Moon 83 142 Book for making the transfigured spirit excellent enabling hi to proceed free in his steps to go out by day in any form he wishes to know the names of Osiris in all his places where he may wish to be 33 143 illustration after the litany covering chapters 141 142 33 144 150 Gates caverns mounds and guardians edit144 Lists the names of the creatures serving as keeper guard and announcer at each of seven gates their names are fairly terrifying for instance He who lives on snakes or Hippopotamus faced raging of power By knowing these gates the deceased can persuade them to let him through To the guardians the deceased says O you gates you who keep the gates because of Osiris O you who guard them and who report the affairs of the Two Lands to Osiris every day I know you and I know your names Book of the Dead spell 144 84 If uttered correctly this spell ensures he will not be driven off or turned away at the portals of the Netherworld 84 145 An alternative form of 146 85 146 Describes twenty one portals of the House of Osiris in the Field of Reeds each with a deity and a door keeper The names and descriptions of these entities are more elaborate and just as terrifying as those in 144 86 147 A gate spell 87 148 For making provision for a spirit in the realm of the dead This spell provided the names of the Bull of Heaven and his seven cows providing an eternal supply of food and beer Their names are The names of the cattle are Mansion of Kas Mistress of All Silent One who dwells in her placeShe of Chemmis whom the god ennobledThe Much Beloved red of hairShe who protects in life the particoloured She whose name has power in her craft and sucking toes Storm in the sky which wafts the god aloftThe bull husband of the cows Book of the Dead Spell 148 88 149 A lengthy spell which lists 14 mounds which the deceased would have to pass in the underworld As with the gates of spells 144 7 these mounds are guarded by gods and monsters 89 150 Has no text but is a pictorial summary of the mounds in the Underworld However in this spell there are 15 mounds while in 149 there are only 14 90 151 189 Amuletic and protective spells edit nbsp Illustration for spell 151 on a coffin ca 710 680 BC 151 Regarding the protection of the deceased in their tomb This spell consists of a very large illustration made up of a number of smaller images and texts many of which derive from the older Coffin Texts The purpose of this spell is to collect together the magical aids which were required for a burial and also to perpetuate the protective funerary rituals Some of these texts were also used on coffins or on mud bricks placed in niches in the walls of a high status funeral chamber 91 152 Spell for building a mansion on earth 92 153A and 153B These spells both deal with the risk of being caught in a trap a giant net which stretches between heaven and earth 55 154 For not letting the corpse perish this spell describes the decomposition of the body but assures the deceased that they will triumph over it 22 155 For a djed pillar amulet 93 156 For an Isis knot amulet 93 157 For an amuletic golden vulture collar 94 158 For an amuletic golden falcon collar 94 159 For a papyrus column amulet 94 160 For a papyrus column amulet 94 161 Describes how the four winds are released through openings in the sky to give the dead person the breath of life Often combined with passages from spell 151 95 162 A spell to cause to come into being a flame beneath the head of a spirit 96 162 through 174 appear to have been composed during the Late Period 16 163 Spell for preventing a man s corpse from putrefying in the realm of the dead in order to rescue him from the eater of souls 97 164 A spell to preserve a person s body after death to be said over a figurine of three headed Mut 98 165 Spell for mooring and noth letting the Sacred Eye be injured for maintaining the corpse and drinking water 99 166 Spell for a headrest and to prevent decapitation 99 167 Spell for bringing a Sacred Eye 100 168 This spell lists the gods and monsters of the caverns in Osiris s domain 100 169 Spell for erecting a bier 101 170 Spell for assembling a bier 102 171 Spell for donning a pure garment 102 172 Here begin the spells of praising which are made in the realm of the dead 102 173 A long list of greetings from Horus to Osiris 103 174 Spell for letter a spirit go out from the great gate in the sky 104 175 Spell for not dying again 105 176 Another spell for not dying again 105 177 Spell for raising up a spirit and causing a soul to live in the realm of the dead 105 178 Spell for raising the corpse for having power in the eyes and ears and making the head firm when it has been set in its proper place 106 179 Spell for leaving yesterday and coming into today which he asks himself and his members 107 180 Spell for going about the day worshipping Ra in the West and giving praise to those who are in the Netherworld 107 181 Spell for going into the tribunal of Osiris and the gods who govern the Netherworld 108 182 A rare spell titled Book for the permanence of Osiris giving breath to the inert One in the present of Thoth and repelling the enemy of Osiris This spell invokes the power of Thoth in order to ensure the mummy of the deceased is protected by a large number of gods and spirits who are similar in appearance to the fearsome guardians of the gates caverns and mounds mentioned in earlier spells 109 183 Spell for worhsipping Osiris 110 184 For being beside Osiris 33 185 A hymn to Osiris 111 186 A hymn to Hathor 112 187 Spell for going in to the Ennead 112 188 Sending a soul building tomb chambers and going out into the day among men 112 189 For not eating faeces or drinking urine 34 References editNotes edit Taylor 2010 p 93 Faulkner 1985 p 34 a b c d Taylor 2010 p 88 Faulkner 1985 p 35 a b c d Faulkner 1985 p 36 Faulkner 1985 p 192 a b Taylor 2010 p 43 a b Taylor 2010 p 184 a b c d Faulkner 1985 p 37 Faulkner 1985 p 39 a b Taylor 2010 p 89 Taylor 2010 p 89 p 246 9 a b Taylor 2010 p 35 Taylor 2010 p 51 Taylor 2010 p 53 a b Taylor 2010 p 272 Taylor 2010 p 215 Faulkner 1985 p 50 Taylor 2010 p 163 Taylor 2010 p 161 172 Taylor 2010 p 162 a b c d Taylor 2010 p 161 Taylor 2010 p 174 Taylor 2010 p 234 Taylor 2010 p 209 Taylor 2010 p 185 a b Taylor 2010 p 194 a b c d e f Taylor 2010 p 186 a b c d e Taylor 2010 p 188 Taylor 2010 p 162 3 Taylor 2010 p 75 161 Taylor 2010 p 161 188 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Quirke Stephen Book of the Dead University College London Retrieved 2023 08 05 a b Taylor 2010 p 190 a b c Taylor 2010 p 165 a b c Taylor 2010 p 175 a b c d e Taylor 2010 p 171 a b Taylor 2010 p 164 Taylor 2010 p 176 a b Faulkner 1985 p 69 Faulkner 1985 p 70 Faulkner 1985 p 71 Taylor 2010 p 75 Faulkner 1985 p 72 a b c Faulkner 1985 p 73 Taylor 2010 p 166 Faulkner 1985 p 74 a b Faulkner 1985 p 78 a b Faulkner 1985 p 79 a b Faulkner 1985 p 80 Faulkner 1985 p 81 Faulkner 1985 p 82 Faulkner 1985 p 83 a b Faulkner 1985 p 84 a b Taylor 2010 p 189 Faulkner 1985 p 85 Faulkner 1985 p 86 Faulkner 1985 p 87 a b c d e Faulkner 1985 p 88 a b Taylor 2010 p 57 Faulkner 1985 p 100 a b Faulkner 1985 p 101 a b Taylor 2010 p 140 Taylor 2010 p 259 266 a b c d Faulkner 1985 p 113 a b Faulkner 1985 p 114 Taylor 2010 p 206 9 Taylor 2010 p 217 Taylor 2010 p 132 136 Faulkner 1985 p 116 Taylor 2010 p 240 Taylor 2010 p 165 Taylor 2010 p 273 Faulkner 1985 p 120 a b Faulkner 1985 p 121 Taylor 2010 p 48 Faulkner 1985 p 123 Faulkner 1985 p 124 Faulkner 1985 p 126 Taylor 2010 p 35 Faulkner 1985 p 127 Taylor 2010 p 252 a b c Faulkner 1985 p 132 a b Taylor 2010 p 136 Taylor 2010 p 143 Taylor 2010 p 137 Taylor 2010 p 134 Taylor 2010 p 140 152 3 Taylor 2010 p 138 p 146 Taylor 2010 p 146 Taylor 2010 p 147 8 Faulkner 1985 p 149 a b Taylor 2010 p 128 a b c d Taylor 2010 p 131 Taylor 2010 p 116 Faulkner 1985 p 156 Faulkner 1985 p 158 Faulkner 1985 p 160 a b Faulkner 1985 p 161 a b Faulkner 1985 p 162 Faulkner 1985 p 166 a b c Faulkner 1985 p 170 Faulkner 1985 p 172 Faulkner 1985 p 173 a b c Faulkner 1985 p 175 Faulkner 1985 p 176 a b Faulkner 1985 p 177 Faulkner 1985 p 180 Taylor 2010 p 190 199 Faulkner 1985 p 184 Taylor 2010 p 252 a b c Faulkner 1985 p 185 Bibliography edit Faulkner Raymond O translator Andrews Carol editor The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead British Museum Publications 46 Bloomsbury Street London Revised Edition 1985 ISBN 0 7141 0938 XTaylor John H translator Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead Journey through the afterlife British Museum Press London 2010 ISBN 978 0 7141 1993 9Further reading editAllen 1974 T G Allen The Book of the Dead or Going Forth by Day Chicago Barguet 1967 P Barguet Le livre des morts des anciens egyptiens Paris Lapp 1997 Gunther Lapp The Papyrus of Nu London Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of Book of the Dead spells amp oldid 1207261723, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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