Left-Green Movement
The Left-Green Movement (Icelandic: Vinstrihreyfingin – grænt framboð), officially the Left Movement – Green Candidature and also known by its short-form name Vinstri græn (VG), is an eco-socialist political party in Iceland.[1]
Left-Green Movement Vinstrihreyfingin – grænt framboð | |
|---|---|
| Chairperson | Katrín Jakobsdóttir |
| Vice-chairperson | Guðmundur Ingi Guðbrandsson |
| Chairperson of the parliamentary group | Bjarkey Olsen Gunnarsdóttir |
| General Secretary | Björg Eva Erlendsdóttir |
| Founded | 6 February 1999 |
| Split from | People's Alliance Women's List |
| Headquarters | Túngata 14 101, Reykjavík |
| Youth wing | Young Left-Greens |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Centre-left[7] to left-wing[8][9] |
| Nordic affiliation | Nordic Green Left Alliance |
| Colours | Green Red |
| Seats in Parliament | 8 / 63 |
| Election symbol | |
| V | |
| Website | |
| vg | |
The Left-Green Movement is the third largest party in the Althing, with 8 members of 63 in total after the 2021 Icelandic parliamentary election. It is also the leading party in a three-party coalition government that has governed since the 2017 Icelandic parliamentary election. The party chair is Katrín Jakobsdóttir, a member of Parliament and the 28th prime minister of Iceland since 30 November 2017. The vice chairperson is Guðmundur Ingi Guðbrandsson while the secretary-general of the party is Björg Eva Erlendsdóttir.
The Left-Green Movement is a member of the Nordic Green Left Alliance.[10]
History edit
The party was founded in 1999 by members of Althing who did not approve of the merger of left-wing political parties in Iceland which resulted in the formation of the Social Democratic Alliance.
In the 1999 Icelandic parliamentary election, the Left-Green Movement took 9.1% of the vote and six seats in the Althing. The party had five members in the 63-seat Icelandic parliament after the 2003 Icelandic parliamentary election, where it polled 8.8% of the vote. After the 2007 Icelandic parliamentary election, the party had 9 seats in parliament, having received 14.3% of the vote.
After the 2009 Icelandic parliamentary election, the Left-Green Movement joined the first cabinet of Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir as the minor partner to the centre-left Social Democratic Alliance after the previous coalition government of the Alliance and the centre-right Independence Party collapsed. In the 2009 Icelandic parliamentary election, it rose from 9 seats to 14, becoming Iceland's third-largest party (close behind the Independence Party) with 21.7% of the vote, the second largest outcome of a left-wing party in Iceland after the post-communist People's Alliance in 1978, when it got 22.9% of the vote. The party gained one seat in addition, when a non-party parliamentarian joined the party.[11] Later, three members of the parliamentary group have left the party. One joined the Nordic agrarian Progressive Party and two others became non-partisans. After the 2013 Icelandic parliamentary election, the party was in the opposition and had 7 seats in the parliament. In the 2016 Icelandic parliamentary election, the party polled 15.9% of the vote and 10 seats in the Althing, becoming the second largest party, tied with the Pirates, after the Independence Party. However, after the collapse of the coalition government and snap parliamentary elections in 2017, the party increased its seats in parliament to 11 and became the second-largest party, forming a three-party coalition with the Independence Party and Progressive Party, and party chair Katrín Jakobsdóttir became the prime minister. The party lost a single seat in the 2021 parliamentary elections, but stayed in government. After the 2021 parliamentary election, the new government was, just like the previous government, a tri-party coalition of the Independence Party, the Progressive Party and the Left-Green Movement, headed by Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir.[12]
Ideology edit
The Left-Green Movement focuses on democratic socialist values, feminism, and environmentalism, as well as increased democracy and direct involvement of the people in the administration of the country. The party opposes Iceland's involvement in NATO, and also the American invasion and occupation of Iraq and Afghanistan. The party rejects membership of the European Union, and supports the Palestinian cause in the Middle East. It supports the mutual adaptation and integration of immigrants into Icelandic society as necessary.[13]
Electoral results edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 15,115 | 9.1 | 6 / 63 | 6 | 4th | Opposition |
| 2003 | 16,129 | 8.8 | 5 / 63 | 1 | 4th | Opposition |
| 2007 | 26,136 | 14.3 | 9 / 63 | 4 | 3rd | Opposition |
| 2009 | 40,581 | 21.6 | 14 / 63 | 5 | 3rd | Coalition |
| 2013 | 20,546 | 10.8 | 7 / 63 | 7 | 4th | Opposition |
| 2016 | 30,166 | 15.9 | 10 / 63 | 3 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 2017 | 33,155 | 16.9 | 11 / 63 | 1 | 2nd | Coalition |
| 2021 | 25,114 | 12.6 | 8 / 63 | 3 | 3rd | Coalition |
Leadership edit
| Nº | Chairman | Took office | Left office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Steingrímur J. Sigfússon (born 1955) | 1999 | 2013 | |
| 2 | Katrín Jakobsdóttir (born 1976) | 2013 | Present | |
Members of Parliament edit
Since the elections in 2017, the Left-Green Movement has eleven members of parliament.
| Member of Parliament | Since | Title | Constituency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steingrímur J. Sigfússon | 1983 | Northeast | ||
| Katrín Jakobsdóttir | 2007 | Reykjavik North | ||
| Svandís Svavarsdóttir | 2009 | Leader of the Parliamentary Group | Reykjavik South | |
| Lilja Rafney Magnúsdóttir | 2009 | Northwest | ||
| Bjarkey Gunnarsdóttir | 2013 | Northeast | ||
| Steinunn Þóra Árnadóttir | 2014 | Became a Member of Parliament when Árni Þór Sigurðsson left office mid-term | Reykjavik North | |
| Ari Trausti Guðmundsson | 2016 | South | ||
| Kolbeinn Óttarsson Proppé | 2016 | Reykjavík South | ||
| Ólafur Þór Gunnarsson | 2017 | Southwest | ||
References edit
- ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017). "Iceland". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ Contemporary Far Left Parties in Europe From Marxism to the Mainstream? Luke March, 2008, P.4
- ^ Field, Luke (29 September 2021). "Iceland's centrist vote has resurged, but the left still has opportunities to govern and grow in a fragmented party system – RLS Brüssel". rosalux.eu. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "Iceland Votes, With Its Dependence on Tourism Exposed". Bloomberg L.P. 25 September 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "The Reykjavík Grapevine Election Guide 2013". The Reykjavík Grapevine. 5 April 2013. 14 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
- ^ Mahony, Honor (30 January 2009). "Iceland could be EU member by 2011". EUobserver. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ Milne, Richard (30 November 2017). "Iceland forms left-right coalition government". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
- ^ Ćirić, Jelena (27 October 2017). "Icelandic Parliamentary Election 2017: Party Overview". Iceland Review. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ Sigurðardóttir, Guðrún Helga (17 November 2017). "Katrín Jakobsdóttir tipped as Iceland's new Prime Minister". Nordic Labour Journal. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ . Nordic Green Left Alliance. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
- ^ "Independent Icelandic MP joins Left Greens". IceNews. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
- ^ "New Government of Iceland Takes Office". Iceland Monitor. 29 November 2021.
- ^ "The Left-Green Movement". Left-Green Movement homepage. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
External links edit
- Official website
- at the Nordic Green Left Alliance website