The Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget (Armenian: Տաշիր-Ձորագետի ԹագավորությունTashir-Dzorageti t'agavorut'yun), alternatively known as the Kingdom of Lori or Kiurikian Kingdom by later historians, was a medieval Armenian kingdom formed in the year 979 by the Kiurikian dynasty, a branch of the Bagratuni dynasty, as a vassal kingdom of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia. The first capital of the kingdom was Matsnaberd, currently part of modern-day Azerbaijan.
It was located on the territories of modern-day northern Armenia, northwestern Azerbaijan and southern Georgia. The founder of the kingdom and the Kiurikian dynasty was king Kiurike I (also known as Gurgen I).[1]
In 979 King Smbat II of Armenia granted the province of Tashir to his brother Kiurike with the title of king.[2] The branch went on to outlive the main one in Ani.
It became especially strong during the reign of King David I Anhoghin who succeeded his father Kiurike and ruled between 989 and 1048. David I Anhoghin conquered some territories from Emirates of Tbilisi and Ganja, and chose Samshvilde as his residence. In 1001, he unsuccessfully tried to gain independence from the Bagratid kings. After failing he was punished by King Gagik I, who confiscated all of his possessions; after this David was to become known as "Anhoghin" meaning "the Landless." David I was succeeded by his son Kiurike II, who ruled between 1048 and 1089. After the fall of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia in 1045, Kiurike II was bestowed by the Byzantines with the title of Kouropalates and became an independent ruler.
Kiurike II moved the capital from Matsnaberd to Lori in 1064.[3] During the Seljuk invasions of the Caucasus, Kiurke II nominally became a vassal of the Seljuk Empire.[3]
At the peak of its power, kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget became suzerain of the Emirate of Tiflis[4][5] and the kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti, where a branch of Kiurikian dynasty ruled from 1029 to 1105.[6]
In 1089, David II succeeded his father Kiurike II, and ruled until 1118 when Tashir-Dzoraget was annexed to the Kingdom of Georgia.
After this, the Kiurikians, having strengthened themselves in the fortresses of Tavush, Matsnaberd and Nor-Berd, retained their royal title until the beginning of the 13th century, when Mongols conquered the region.[7]
Unlike their Bagratuni relatives, the Kiurikian kings were unique in minting their own coins, with the line, "May the Lord aid Kiurike (George) the Khorapaghat (Kouropalates)," running in five lines inscribed on the reverse side.[8] They sponsored the construction of a number of churches and monasteries in northern Armenia, including those in Sanahin, Haghpat and Haghartsin,[9] where a great many of them were interred.[10]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kingdom of Lori.
^(in Armenian) Matevosyan, Raphael I. (1976). "Տաշիր-Ձորագետը և Հայաստանի Հյուսիս-Արևմտյան Գավառները IX-XI Դարերում," [Tashir-Dzoraget and the north-western regions of Armenia in the ninth to eleventh centuries] in Հայ Ժողովրդի Պատմություն [History of the Armenian People], eds. Tsatur Aghayan et al. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, vol. 3, pp. 100-05.
^(in French) Movsesian, Łevond. "Histoire des rois Kurikian de Lori," trans. Frédéric Macler, Revue des Études Arméniennes 7, Pt. 2 (1927), 209ff.
^ abБольшая советская энциклопедия: . 2021-04-13. Archived from the original on 2021-04-13. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
^Artashes Shahnazaryan. Establishment and development of the Kiurikian kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget(in armenian.)=Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Կյուրիկյան թագավորության առաջացումն ու հզորացումը//Պատմա-Բանասիրական Հանդես: edition.—2009. — Էջ 224—233.—ISSN 0135-0536.
^Jerar Dedeyan//Histoire du peuple arménien(History of the Armenian people)//Publisher «Privat» page. 271, Тuluse 2007—ISBN978-2-7089-6874-5
^Тumanov Kirill, chapter: «Armenia and Georgia», from: «The Cambridge Medieval History», Cambridge, 1966, vol. IV, pages. 621-622: "The Georgian lands still outside Bagrat IV's realm were the kingdom of Khakhetia and the amirate of Tiflis. In the former, the principate having become hereditary, Kvirike III (1010-29) proclaimed himself king. His daughter was married to David I of Lor'i and their younger son Gagik succeeded in 1029 to Kvirike's throne. The kings of Georgia tried repeatedly to reunite Kakhetia with Iberia; and they, no less than the Kakhetian rulers, made attempts to conquer Tiflis. Bagrat thrice took the city (1046, 1049, 1062), only to lose it again, for his strength was sapped."
^See Philip Grierson, "Kiurike I or Kiurike II of Loṛi-Armenia?: A Note on Attributions," American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 10 (1958), pp. 107–12.
^Ovannes Ghalpakhtchian and Adriano Alpago-Novello (1970), Sanahin, Milan: Ares.
^Manuk-Khaloyan, Armen, "In the Cemetery of their Ancestors: The Royal Burial Tombs of the Bagratuni Kings of Greater Armenia (890-1073/79)," Revue des Études Arméniennes 35 (2013), p. 168, note 124.
kingdom, tashir, dzoraget, armenian, Տաշիր, Ձորագետի, Թագավորություն, tashir, dzorageti, agavorut, alternatively, known, kingdom, lori, kiurikian, kingdom, later, historians, medieval, armenian, kingdom, formed, year, kiurikian, dynasty, branch, bagratuni, dyn. The Kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget Armenian Տաշիր Ձորագետի Թագավորություն Tashir Dzorageti t agavorut yun alternatively known as the Kingdom of Lori or Kiurikian Kingdom by later historians was a medieval Armenian kingdom formed in the year 979 by the Kiurikian dynasty a branch of the Bagratuni dynasty as a vassal kingdom of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia The first capital of the kingdom was Matsnaberd currently part of modern day Azerbaijan Kingdom of Tashir DzoragetՏաշիր Ձորագետի Թագավորություն979 1118Kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget c 1017 A D CapitalMatsnaberd 979 1065 Lori 1065 1118 Common languagesArmenianReligionArmenian Apostolic ChurchGovernmentMonarchy 979 989Kiurike I 1089 1118David II of LoriHistorical eraMiddle Ages Established979 Kiurike I becomes the first ruler 979 Disestablished1118Preceded by Succeeded byBagratid Armenia Kingdom of GeorgiaIt was located on the territories of modern day northern Armenia northwestern Azerbaijan and southern Georgia The founder of the kingdom and the Kiurikian dynasty was king Kiurike I also known as Gurgen I 1 In 979 King Smbat II of Armenia granted the province of Tashir to his brother Kiurike with the title of king 2 The branch went on to outlive the main one in Ani It became especially strong during the reign of King David I Anhoghin who succeeded his father Kiurike and ruled between 989 and 1048 David I Anhoghin conquered some territories from Emirates of Tbilisi and Ganja and chose Samshvilde as his residence In 1001 he unsuccessfully tried to gain independence from the Bagratid kings After failing he was punished by King Gagik I who confiscated all of his possessions after this David was to become known as Anhoghin meaning the Landless David I was succeeded by his son Kiurike II who ruled between 1048 and 1089 After the fall of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia in 1045 Kiurike II was bestowed by the Byzantines with the title of Kouropalates and became an independent ruler Kiurike II moved the capital from Matsnaberd to Lori in 1064 3 During the Seljuk invasions of the Caucasus Kiurke II nominally became a vassal of the Seljuk Empire 3 At the peak of its power kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget became suzerain of the Emirate of Tiflis 4 5 and the kingdom of Kakheti Hereti where a branch of Kiurikian dynasty ruled from 1029 to 1105 6 In 1089 David II succeeded his father Kiurike II and ruled until 1118 when Tashir Dzoraget was annexed to the Kingdom of Georgia After this the Kiurikians having strengthened themselves in the fortresses of Tavush Matsnaberd and Nor Berd retained their royal title until the beginning of the 13th century when Mongols conquered the region 7 Unlike their Bagratuni relatives the Kiurikian kings were unique in minting their own coins with the line May the Lord aid Kiurike George the Khorapaghat Kouropalates running in five lines inscribed on the reverse side 8 They sponsored the construction of a number of churches and monasteries in northern Armenia including those in Sanahin Haghpat and Haghartsin 9 where a great many of them were interred 10 Gallery edit nbsp Map of Kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget nbsp Smbat II and his brother Kiurike I depicted at the entrance to Haghpat Monastery nbsp Akhtala fortress built by the Kiurikians at the end of the 10th century nbsp Lori the 2nd capital of the kingdom References edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kingdom of Lori in Armenian Matevosyan Raphael I 1976 Տաշիր Ձորագետը և Հայաստանի Հյուսիս Արևմտյան Գավառները IX XI Դարերում Tashir Dzoraget and the north western regions of Armenia in the ninth to eleventh centuries in Հայ Ժողովրդի Պատմություն History of the Armenian People eds Tsatur Aghayan et al Yerevan Armenian Academy of Sciences vol 3 pp 100 05 in French Movsesian Levond Histoire des rois Kurikian de Lori trans Frederic Macler Revue des Etudes Armeniennes 7 Pt 2 1927 209ff a b Bolshaya sovetskaya enciklopediya Kyurikidy 2021 04 13 Archived from the original on 2021 04 13 Retrieved 2022 10 23 Artashes Shahnazaryan Establishment and development of the Kiurikian kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget in armenian Տաշիր Ձորագետի Կյուրիկյան թագավորության առաջացումն ու հզորացումը Պատմա Բանասիրական Հանդես edition 2009 Էջ 224 233 ISSN 0135 0536 Jerar Dedeyan Histoire du peuple armenien History of the Armenian people Publisher Privat page 271 Tuluse 2007 ISBN 978 2 7089 6874 5 Tumanov Kirill chapter Armenia and Georgia from The Cambridge Medieval History Cambridge 1966 vol IV pages 621 622 The Georgian lands still outside Bagrat IV s realm were the kingdom of Khakhetia and the amirate of Tiflis In the former the principate having become hereditary Kvirike III 1010 29 proclaimed himself king His daughter was married to David I of Lor i and their younger son Gagik succeeded in 1029 to Kvirike s throne The kings of Georgia tried repeatedly to reunite Kakhetia with Iberia and they no less than the Kakhetian rulers made attempts to conquer Tiflis Bagrat thrice took the city 1046 1049 1062 only to lose it again for his strength was sapped Tashir Dzoraget kingdom Great Soviet Encyclopedia in 30 vol Ch ed A M Prokhorov 3rd ed M Soviet Encyclopedia 1969 1978 See Philip Grierson Kiurike I or Kiurike II of Loṛi Armenia A Note on Attributions American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 10 1958 pp 107 12 Ovannes Ghalpakhtchian and Adriano Alpago Novello 1970 Sanahin Milan Ares Manuk Khaloyan Armen In the Cemetery of their Ancestors The Royal Burial Tombs of the Bagratuni Kings of Greater Armenia 890 1073 79 Revue des Etudes Armeniennes 35 2013 p 168 note 124 See also editBagratid Armenia Gugark Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kingdom of Tashir Dzoraget amp oldid 1214999798, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
