King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Lord and Heir of Ruthenian Lands (Ukrainian: Король Русі, король Галичини і Володимирії, князь і володар Всієї Землі Руської, romanized: Korol Rusi, korol Halychyny i Volodymyrii, kniaz i volodar Vsiiei Zemli Ruskoi; Latin: Rex Rusiae, Rex Ruthenorum, Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae, Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres) was a title of princes of Galicia and Volhynia, granted by the Pope.
In the 13th–14th centuries, many of southwestern Rus' principalities were united under the power of the Kingdom of Rus' (Latin: Regnum Rusiae), historiographically better known as the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Roman the Great was variously named dux Rutenorum, princeps Ruthenorum or rex Ruthenorum by Polish chroniclers.[1]Danylo of Galicia was crowned Rex Ruthenorum or "king of the Rus'" in 1253.[2] Alternatively, Danylo and his brother Vasylko Romanovych were styled Princeps Galiciae, Rex Russiae, and Rex Lodomeriae in Papal documents, while the population of Halych and Volhynia was called Rusciae christiani and populus Russiae amongst other names.[3] The Gesta Hungarorum (c. 1280) stated that the Carpathian mountains between Hungary and Halych were situated in finibus Ruthenie ("on the borders of Ruthenia").[3]
Galicia–Volhynia declined by mid-14th century due to the Galicia–Volhynia Wars after the poisoning of king Yuri II Boleslav by local Ruthenian nobles in 1340. Iohannes Victiensis Liber (page 218) records the death of Boleslav as Hoc anno rex Ruthenorum moritur (...) ("In that year the king of the Ruthenians died (...)").[4]
Yuri II Boleslav, married Maria co-ruler of Galicia (1325–1340) Maria was Andrew's and Leo's sister
Dmytro Dedko, Lord of Rus', Prince of Galicia (1340-1349)
Liubartas, married Euphemia (Hanna-Buch), co-ruler of Volhynia (1323–1366), prince of eastern Volhynia (1366–1384) Euphemia was Andrew's and Leo's sister
In the subsequent years, all Kings of Poland styled themselves Lord of Rus’ (or Ruthenia). Simultaneously, the tsars of Russia adopted from 1547 onwards the title Tsar of All-Rus’ . The Hungarian kings continued to claim the title of King in Halych and Volhynia, later taken over together with the Hungarian Crown by the Holy Roman emperors.
^Kersken (2021). Germans and Poles in the Middle Ages: The Perception of the 'Other' and the Presence of Mutual Ethnic Stereotypes in Medieval Narrative Sources. Leiden: Brill. p. 210. ISBN9789004466555. from the original on 13 February 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
Voloshchuk, Myroslav (2021). Ruthenians (the Rus') in the Kingdom of Hungary (11th to mid-14th Century): Settlement, Property, and Socio-Political Role. Leiden: Brill. p. 360. ISBN9789004469709. from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
April 09, 2024
king, ruthenia, king, king, galicia, lodomeria, lord, heir, ruthenian, lands, ukrainian, Король, Русі, король, Галичини, Володимирії, князь, володар, Всієї, Землі, Руської, romanized, korol, rusi, korol, halychyny, volodymyrii, kniaz, volodar, vsiiei, zemli, r. King of Ruthenia King of Rus King of Galicia and Lodomeria Lord and Heir of Ruthenian Lands Ukrainian Korol Rusi korol Galichini i Volodimiriyi knyaz i volodar Vsiyeyi Zemli Ruskoyi romanized Korol Rusi korol Halychyny i Volodymyrii kniaz i volodar Vsiiei Zemli Ruskoi Latin Rex Rusiae Rex Ruthenorum Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres was a title of princes of Galicia and Volhynia granted by the Pope King of RutheniaKorol Rusi Rex RusiaeCoat of arms of the Kingdom of Galicia VolhyniaDaniel of GaliciaDetailsFirst monarchDaniel of GaliciaLast monarchCasimir III the GreatFormation1253Abolition1370ResidenceKholm 1253 1271 Lviv 1271 1349 AppointerHereditaryThe title was initially issued to the ruling Izyaslavichi of Volhynia Later the title was passed on to the Romanovichi as rulers of the united Kingdom of Galicia Volhynia By the 15th century the title was used as a claim by other royal houses Contents 1 Title 2 List of kings of Ruthenia 2 1 Kings of Ruthenia Kingdom of Ruthenia 2 2 Kings of Galicia Volhynia Kingdom of Hungary 2 3 After 1378 2 4 After Partitions of Poland 3 References 4 BibliographyTitle editSee also Names of Rusʹ Russia and Ruthenia In the 13th 14th centuries many of southwestern Rus principalities were united under the power of the Kingdom of Rus Latin Regnum Rusiae historiographically better known as the Kingdom of Galicia Volhynia Roman the Great was variously named dux Rutenorum princeps Ruthenorum or rex Ruthenorum by Polish chroniclers 1 Danylo of Galicia was crowned Rex Ruthenorum or king of the Rus in 1253 2 Alternatively Danylo and his brother Vasylko Romanovych were styled Princeps Galiciae Rex Russiae and Rex Lodomeriae in Papal documents while the population of Halych and Volhynia was called Rusciae christiani and populus Russiae amongst other names 3 The Gesta Hungarorum c 1280 stated that the Carpathian mountains between Hungary and Halych were situated in finibus Ruthenie on the borders of Ruthenia 3 Galicia Volhynia declined by mid 14th century due to the Galicia Volhynia Wars after the poisoning of king Yuri II Boleslav by local Ruthenian nobles in 1340 Iohannes Victiensis Liber page 218 records the death of Boleslav as Hoc anno rex Ruthenorum moritur In that year the king of the Ruthenians died 4 List of kings of Ruthenia editKings of Ruthenia Kingdom of Ruthenia edit Yaropolk Iziaslavych king of Rus 1073 1087 Danylo I of Halych king of Rus 1253 1264 Lev I of Halych king of Rus 1293 1301 moved the capital from Kholm to Lviv in 1272 Yuri I of Halych prince of Halych Volhynia 1301 1308 Andrew I of Halych Volhynia and Lev II of Halych Galicia the last Romanovichi kings Yuri II Boleslav married Maria co ruler of Galicia 1325 1340 Maria was Andrew s and Leo s sister Dmytro Dedko Lord of Rus Prince of Galicia 1340 1349 Liubartas married Euphemia Hanna Buch co ruler of Volhynia 1323 1366 prince of eastern Volhynia 1366 1384 Euphemia was Andrew s and Leo s sister Casimir III the Great King of Poland 1333 1370 Lord of Rus 1349 1370 After the death of Boleslav Yuri II of Halych Galicia Volhynia Wars ensued which resulted in Galicia gradually being annexed by the Kingdom of Poland between 1349 and 1366 during the reign of Casimir III of Poland 5 At the death of Casimir III the Great all of titulage was passed over to Louis I of Hungary Kings of Galicia Volhynia Kingdom of Hungary edit Andrew II of Hungary the son of Bela III of Hungary the first nominal king of Galicia who as a Hungarian prince reigned from 1188 to 1190 Coloman of Galicia Lodomeria Kalman the first king of Galicia and Lodomeria lat Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae 1215 1219 and his wife Salomea of Poland Reges Galiciae et Lodomeriae Andrew Andras the younger brother of Coloman Hungarian prince king of Galicia and Lodomeria 1219 1221 Louis I of Hungary King of Hungary 1342 1382 King of Poland 1370 1382 incorporated Halych Volhynia to Hungary Wladyslaw II Opolczyk Silesian prince Hungarian count palatine Lord of Rus Ruthenia 1372 1378 After 1378 edit In the subsequent years all Kings of Poland styled themselves Lord of Rus or Ruthenia Simultaneously the tsars of Russia adopted from 1547 onwards the title Tsar of All Rus The Hungarian kings continued to claim the title of King in Halych and Volhynia later taken over together with the Hungarian Crown by the Holy Roman emperors After Partitions of Poland edit After the Partitions of Poland the tsars of Russia styled themselves Emperor of all the Russias while the Holy Roman Emperors later emperors of Austria and of Austria Hungary used the title of King of Galicia and Lodomeria drawn from the historical claims of Hungarian Kings to Halych Volhynia to justify the annexations of territories belonging to Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth in spite of the fact that the newly established rump puppet Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria was included in the Austrian instead of Hungarian part of the empire the true historical claimant of the region citation needed Part of Galicia was included in the puppet Kingdom of Poland 1916 1918 re established by the Central Powers and ruled by the Regency Council All these monarchies were abolished upon the end of World War I However the Kingdom of Hungary was formally re established in 1920 along with its royal titles and styles and its territory even included at a time the Carpathian Ruthenia following the breakup of the Second Czechoslovak Republic Nevertheless its throne remained vacant until the ultimate abolition of Hungarian monarchy in 1946 References edit Voloshchuk 2021 p 64 Serhii Plokhy The Gates of Europe A History of Ukraine Archived 10 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine 2017 p 84 a b Voloshchuk 2021 p 65 Kersken 2021 Germans and Poles in the Middle Ages The Perception of the Other and the Presence of Mutual Ethnic Stereotypes in Medieval Narrative Sources Leiden Brill p 210 ISBN 9789004466555 Archived from the original on 13 February 2023 Retrieved 13 February 2023 Titles of European hereditary rulers Poland Bibliography editVoloshchuk Myroslav 2021 Ruthenians the Rus in the Kingdom of Hungary 11th to mid 14th Century Settlement Property and Socio Political Role Leiden Brill p 360 ISBN 9789004469709 Archived from the original on 14 April 2023 Retrieved 10 February 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title King of Ruthenia amp oldid 1194412252, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
