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Khurshidbanu Natavan

January 28, 2023

Khurshidbanu Natavan (Azerbaijani: خورشیدبانو ناتوان / Xurşidbanu Natəvan; 6 August 1832 – 2 October 1897) was an Azerbaijani poet[1] and philanthropist. She is considered one of the best lyrical poets of Azerbaijan.[2] Her poems are in either Azerbaijani or Persian and she was most notable for her lyrical ghazals.

Khurshidbanu Natavan
Khurshidbanu Natavan
Native name
Xurşidbanu Utsmiyeva
BornXurşidbanu Natəvan
(1832-08-06)August 6, 1832
Shusha, Georgia Governorate, Caucasus Viceroyalty, Russian Empire
DiedOctober 2, 1897(1897-10-02) (aged 65)
Shusha, Elisabethpol Governorate, Caucasus Viceroyalty, Russian Empire
Resting placeAghdam, Azerbaijan
LanguageAzerbaijani
Persian
Genre
SpouseKhasay Khan Utsmiyev
RelativesMehdigulu Khan Javanshir

Natavan was the daughter of Mehdigulu Khan, the last ruler of the Karabakh Khanate (1748–1822).

Life

 
Khurshidbanu Natavan with her children from first marriage

Natavan was born on August 5, 1832 in Shusha, a town in present-day Azerbaijan, in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region, to Mehdigulu Khan (1763-1845) and Badir Jahan Begüm (1802-1861). Being the only child in the family and descending from Panah Ali Khan, she was the only heir of the Karabakh khan, known to general public as the "daughter of the khan" (Azerbaijani: Xan qızı). Her name Khurshid Banu (Persian: خورشیدبانو) is from Persian and means "Lady Sun". Her pen name Natavan (ناتوان) is also from Persian and means powerless.[3] She was named after her grandmother - Khurshud Begüm, daughter of Javad Khan.

After her father's death, she inherited vast amounts of lands from her father including 1,315 households, 41 nomadic territories and 7 villages at age of 14. She was put in care of her aunt Gawhar agha who taught her music, poetry and painting.[4] She probably married Kumyk noble Khasay Utsmiev in 1847. She inherited additional number of 9 villages from her mother Badir Jahan Begüm in 1861 after her death.[5] She founded and sponsored the first literary societies in Shusha and in the whole of Azerbaijan. One of them called Majlis-i Uns ("Society of Friends")[2] founded in 1864 became especially popular and concentrated major poetic-intellectual forces of Karabakh of that time.[6]

Natavan was closely engaged in philanthropy, promoting the social and cultural development of Karabakh. Among her famous deeds was a water main that was first laid down in Shusha in 1872, thus solving the water problem of the townsfolk. The local Russian "Kavkaz" newspaper wrote at the time: "Khurshud Banu-Begum left an eternal mark in the memories of the Shushavians and her glory will pass on from generation to generation".[7] The aqueduct built by Natavan from famous Shusha white stones were called by the townsfolks "Natavan springs" and were also considered historical monuments under protection.[citation needed]

Natavan also did a lot for the development and popularization of the famous breed of Karabakh horses.[citation needed] Natavan's Karabakh horses took part in the Exposition Universelle (1867), agricultural exhibition in Moscow (1869), in Tbilisi (1882) and were awarded golden medals and certificates of honour. Karabakh horses were also awarded at the Second All-Russian Exhibition in 1869: Meymun - silver medal, Tokmak - bronze medal. At the Exposition Universelle (1867) in Paris, Khan got a silver medal.[8]

Humanism, kindness, friendship and love were the main themes of Natavan's ghazals and ruba'yat. These sentimental romantic poems express the feelings and sufferings of a woman who was not happy in her family life and who lost her son.[citation needed] Many of these poems are used in folk songs nowadays.[citation needed]

Khurshidbanu Natavans Tomb

See also: Imarat cemetery

Natavan died in Shusha on October 2, 1897. She was buried in Aghdam in the Imarat Cemetery. After the occupation of Agdam District by Armenian forces following the First Nagorno-Karabakh war, her tomb was damaged. In January 2021, after control of the district was returned to Azerbaijan following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, French-Iranian Azerbaijani photojournalist Reza Deghati during his visit to Aghdam reported that the cemetery was destroyed and claimed that the tomb of Khurshidbanu Natavan was looted and her bones are missing.[9][10][11][12]

Monument in Shusha

According to the Azerbaijani government, a Soviet-era monument of Natavan in Shusha[13] by sculptress Hayat Abdullayeva, and other famous monuments of Karabakh Azerbaijanis including Hajibekov and Bulbul, which once decorated the central streets of Shusha, were severely damaged and dismantled by Armenian forces. Polad Bulbuloghlu, then the Minister of Culture of Azerbaijan bought the bronze busts from a Georgian scrap metal yard and transported them to Baku.[14]

Thomas de Waal who saw the monuments in Baku, wrote:

"I saw the three bronze heads, forlorn and pocked with bullets, lying in the courtyard of the headquarters of the Red Cross in the center of Baku: the poet Natevan, an earnest girl in a head scarf reading a book, missing a thumb; the composer Hajibekov, a bullet-ridden gentleman in double-breasted suit and broken spectacles; and Bul Bul, a famous singer with a serious domed bronze forehead".[15]

The monuments were kept in the yard of the Azerbaijani Museum of Arts in Baku for many years,[16][17] with Natavan's bust returning to Shusha on 16 January 2021 after the city's recapture by Azerbaijan.[18]

Family

She probably married Kumyk nobleman, Khasay Utsmiev, in 1847 and had two children with him:

She later married a commoner named Seyyid Huseyn Agamirov (1833-1891) in 1866 with whom she had 5 children:

  • Mir Abbas Agha (1868-1885)
  • Mir Hasan Agha (1870-1903)
  • Mir Jabbar Agha (?-1914?)
  • Sara Begum
  • Hajar Bike (1869-?)

See also

References

  1. ^ Parpală, Emilia; Loveday, Leo (2015). Contextual Identities : a Comparative and Communicational Approach. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4438-7660-5.
  2. ^ a b Naroditskaya, Inna (2000). "Azerbaijanian Female Musicians: Women's Voices Defying and Defining the Culture". Ethnomusicology. Ethnomusicology, Vol. 44, No. 2. 44 (2): 234–256. doi:10.2307/852531. JSTOR 852531.
  3. ^ Nissman , David B. (1987) The Soviet Union and Iranian Azerbaijan:the use of nationalism for political penetration ,Westview Press ,ISBN 0813373182, p.84
  4. ^ "Natavan". Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan. 1983. pp. 163–164.
  5. ^ Ismayilov, Eldar (2014). "The Khans of Karabakh: The Elder Line by Generations". The Caucasus & Globalization. 8 (3–4): 149–150.
  6. ^ Abasova, L. V. et al. (eds.) (1992) Istoria azerbaijanskoi muziki Maarif, Baku, p. 116
  7. ^ "Khurshud Banu-Begum" (PDF). "Kavkaz" newspaper. August 29, 1873. p. 100.
  8. ^ Yelena Volkova - Karabakh Horses (in Russian)
  9. ^ "Dünyaca məşhur fotoqraf ermənilərin Natəvanın Ağdamdakı qəbrini təhqir etməsindən yazdı – Foto" [World-famous photographer writes about Armenians insulting Natava's grave in Agdam – Photo]. Oxu.az (in Azerbaijani). 26 January 2021. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
  10. ^ "Armenians vandalize Azerbaijani poetess' grave in Aghdam [PHOTO/VIDEO]". AzerNews.az. 2021-01-28. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
  11. ^ "Famous photojournalist Reza Deghati shared Instagram post on Armenian vandalism against grave of Azerbaijani poetess Khurshid Banu Natavan in Aghdam". azertag.az. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
  12. ^ "Məşhur fotoqraf Rza Diqqəti Ağdamda Natəvanın məqbərəsində törədilən vandalizmlə bağlı paylaşım edib - Xəbərlər". Azərbaycan Respublikası Mədəniyyət Nazirliyi. 2021-01-27. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
  13. ^ Natavan bust then and today 2007-10-08 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ . Archived from the original on 2021-10-09. Retrieved 2007-09-10.
  15. ^ de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War. p. 190.
  16. ^ de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7.
  17. ^ "Глава 12. Шуша. Последняя цитадель". BBC News. 12 July 2005.
  18. ^ "Rusiya Təhlükəsizlik Şurasında Qarabağ üzrə danışıqlar müzakirə edilib, Prezident İlham Əliyev və Mehriban Əliyeva Şuşada tarixi yerləri gəziblər" [The talks on Karabakh were discussed at the Russian Security Council, and President Ilham Aliyev and Mehriban Aliyeva visited historical sites in Shusha]. BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). 15 January 2021. from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2021.

External links

  Media related to Khurshidbanu Natavan at Wikimedia Commons

January 28, 2023
khurshidbanu, natavan, azerbaijani, خورشیدبانو, ناتوان, xurşidbanu, natəvan, august, 1832, october, 1897, azerbaijani, poet, philanthropist, considered, best, lyrical, poets, azerbaijan, poems, either, azerbaijani, persian, most, notable, lyrical, ghazals, nat. Khurshidbanu Natavan Azerbaijani خورشیدبانو ناتوان Xursidbanu Natevan 6 August 1832 2 October 1897 was an Azerbaijani poet 1 and philanthropist She is considered one of the best lyrical poets of Azerbaijan 2 Her poems are in either Azerbaijani or Persian and she was most notable for her lyrical ghazals Khurshidbanu NatavanKhurshidbanu NatavanNative nameXursidbanu UtsmiyevaBornXursidbanu Natevan 1832 08 06 August 6 1832Shusha Georgia Governorate Caucasus Viceroyalty Russian EmpireDiedOctober 2 1897 1897 10 02 aged 65 Shusha Elisabethpol Governorate Caucasus Viceroyalty Russian EmpireResting placeAghdam AzerbaijanLanguageAzerbaijaniPersianGenreGhazalRubaʿiSpouseKhasay Khan UtsmiyevRelativesMehdigulu Khan JavanshirNatavan was the daughter of Mehdigulu Khan the last ruler of the Karabakh Khanate 1748 1822 Contents 1 Life 2 Khurshidbanu Natavans Tomb 3 Monument in Shusha 4 Family 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksLife Edit Khurshidbanu Natavan with her children from first marriage Natavan was born on August 5 1832 in Shusha a town in present day Azerbaijan in the disputed Nagorno Karabakh region to Mehdigulu Khan 1763 1845 and Badir Jahan Begum 1802 1861 Being the only child in the family and descending from Panah Ali Khan she was the only heir of the Karabakh khan known to general public as the daughter of the khan Azerbaijani Xan qizi Her name Khurshid Banu Persian خورشیدبانو is from Persian and means Lady Sun Her pen name Natavan ناتوان is also from Persian and means powerless 3 She was named after her grandmother Khurshud Begum daughter of Javad Khan After her father s death she inherited vast amounts of lands from her father including 1 315 households 41 nomadic territories and 7 villages at age of 14 She was put in care of her aunt Gawhar agha who taught her music poetry and painting 4 She probably married Kumyk noble Khasay Utsmiev in 1847 She inherited additional number of 9 villages from her mother Badir Jahan Begum in 1861 after her death 5 She founded and sponsored the first literary societies in Shusha and in the whole of Azerbaijan One of them called Majlis i Uns Society of Friends 2 founded in 1864 became especially popular and concentrated major poetic intellectual forces of Karabakh of that time 6 Natavan was closely engaged in philanthropy promoting the social and cultural development of Karabakh Among her famous deeds was a water main that was first laid down in Shusha in 1872 thus solving the water problem of the townsfolk The local Russian Kavkaz newspaper wrote at the time Khurshud Banu Begum left an eternal mark in the memories of the Shushavians and her glory will pass on from generation to generation 7 The aqueduct built by Natavan from famous Shusha white stones were called by the townsfolks Natavan springs and were also considered historical monuments under protection citation needed Natavan also did a lot for the development and popularization of the famous breed of Karabakh horses citation needed Natavan s Karabakh horses took part in the Exposition Universelle 1867 agricultural exhibition in Moscow 1869 in Tbilisi 1882 and were awarded golden medals and certificates of honour Karabakh horses were also awarded at the Second All Russian Exhibition in 1869 Meymun silver medal Tokmak bronze medal At the Exposition Universelle 1867 in Paris Khan got a silver medal 8 Humanism kindness friendship and love were the main themes of Natavan s ghazals and ruba yat These sentimental romantic poems express the feelings and sufferings of a woman who was not happy in her family life and who lost her son citation needed Many of these poems are used in folk songs nowadays citation needed Khurshidbanu Natavans Tomb EditSee also Imarat cemetery Natavan died in Shusha on October 2 1897 She was buried in Aghdam in the Imarat Cemetery After the occupation of Agdam District by Armenian forces following the First Nagorno Karabakh war her tomb was damaged In January 2021 after control of the district was returned to Azerbaijan following the 2020 Nagorno Karabakh war French Iranian Azerbaijani photojournalist Reza Deghati during his visit to Aghdam reported that the cemetery was destroyed and claimed that the tomb of Khurshidbanu Natavan was looted and her bones are missing 9 10 11 12 Monument in Shusha EditAccording to the Azerbaijani government a Soviet era monument of Natavan in Shusha 13 by sculptress Hayat Abdullayeva and other famous monuments of Karabakh Azerbaijanis including Hajibekov and Bulbul which once decorated the central streets of Shusha were severely damaged and dismantled by Armenian forces Polad Bulbuloghlu then the Minister of Culture of Azerbaijan bought the bronze busts from a Georgian scrap metal yard and transported them to Baku 14 Thomas de Waal who saw the monuments in Baku wrote I saw the three bronze heads forlorn and pocked with bullets lying in the courtyard of the headquarters of the Red Cross in the center of Baku the poet Natevan an earnest girl in a head scarf reading a book missing a thumb the composer Hajibekov a bullet ridden gentleman in double breasted suit and broken spectacles and Bul Bul a famous singer with a serious domed bronze forehead 15 The monuments were kept in the yard of the Azerbaijani Museum of Arts in Baku for many years 16 17 with Natavan s bust returning to Shusha on 16 January 2021 after the city s recapture by Azerbaijan 18 Family EditShe probably married Kumyk nobleman Khasay Utsmiev in 1847 and had two children with him Mehdigulu Khan Vafa Poet lieutenant colonel of Imperial Russian Army Khanbike Khanum 1856 1921 PoetessShe later married a commoner named Seyyid Huseyn Agamirov 1833 1891 in 1866 with whom she had 5 children Mir Abbas Agha 1868 1885 Mir Hasan Agha 1870 1903 Mir Jabbar Agha 1914 Sara Begum Hajar Bike 1869 See also EditHouse of Khurshidbanu Natavan Bust of Khurshidbanu NatavanReferences Edit Parpală Emilia Loveday Leo 2015 Contextual Identities a Comparative and Communicational Approach Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN 978 1 4438 7660 5 a b Naroditskaya Inna 2000 Azerbaijanian Female Musicians Women s Voices Defying and Defining the Culture Ethnomusicology Ethnomusicology Vol 44 No 2 44 2 234 256 doi 10 2307 852531 JSTOR 852531 Nissman David B 1987 The Soviet Union and Iranian Azerbaijan the use of nationalism for political penetration Westview Press ISBN 0813373182 p 84 Natavan Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia Vol 7 National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan 1983 pp 163 164 Ismayilov Eldar 2014 The Khans of Karabakh The Elder Line by Generations The Caucasus amp Globalization 8 3 4 149 150 Abasova L V et al eds 1992 Istoria azerbaijanskoi muziki Maarif Baku p 116 Khurshud Banu Begum PDF Kavkaz newspaper August 29 1873 p 100 Yelena Volkova Karabakh Horses in Russian Dunyaca meshur fotoqraf ermenilerin Natevanin Agdamdaki qebrini tehqir etmesinden yazdi Foto World famous photographer writes about Armenians insulting Natava s grave in Agdam Photo Oxu az in Azerbaijani 26 January 2021 Archived from the original on 27 January 2021 Retrieved 27 January 2021 Armenians vandalize Azerbaijani poetess grave in Aghdam PHOTO VIDEO AzerNews az 2021 01 28 Retrieved 2021 03 12 Famous photojournalist Reza Deghati shared Instagram post on Armenian vandalism against grave of Azerbaijani poetess Khurshid Banu Natavan in Aghdam azertag az Retrieved 2021 03 12 Meshur fotoqraf Rza Diqqeti Agdamda Natevanin meqberesinde toredilen vandalizmle bagli paylasim edib Xeberler Azerbaycan Respublikasi Medeniyyet Nazirliyi 2021 01 27 Retrieved 2021 03 12 Natavan bust then and today Archived 2007 10 08 at the Wayback Machine Public Association for the Protection of Right of Migrants and Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan Archived from the original on 2021 10 09 Retrieved 2007 09 10 de Waal Thomas 2003 Black Garden Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War p 190 de Waal Thomas 2003 Black Garden Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War New York New York University Press ISBN 0 8147 1945 7 Glava 12 Shusha Poslednyaya citadel BBC News 12 July 2005 Rusiya Tehlukesizlik Surasinda Qarabag uzre danisiqlar muzakire edilib Prezident Ilham Eliyev ve Mehriban Eliyeva Susada tarixi yerleri gezibler The talks on Karabakh were discussed at the Russian Security Council and President Ilham Aliyev and Mehriban Aliyeva visited historical sites in Shusha BBC Azerbaijani Service in Azerbaijani 15 January 2021 Archived from the original on 17 January 2021 Retrieved 15 January 2021 External links Edit Media related to Khurshidbanu Natavan at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khurshidbanu Natavan amp oldid 1119522509, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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