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Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica

Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica, with many synonyms, including Ophrys caucasica, is a subspecies of orchid native from southeast Europe through the Caucasus to Iran. As Ophrys caucasica, it has been recorded in numerous areas throughout Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia.[2][3] Local names include Armenian: Սարդակիր Մեղվակիր, romanizedSardakir mexvakir, Azerbaijani: xarı-bülbül and Georgian: ფუტკრის-დედა, romanized: put'k'ris-deda.

Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Ophrys
Species:
Subspecies:
O. s. subsp. taurica
Trinomial name
Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica
(Aggeenko) Soó ex Niketic & Djordjevic[1]
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Ophrys adonidis A.Camus & Gomb.
  • Ophrys aegilica Engelen
  • Ophrys aesculapii subsp. pseudoaraneifera Renz
  • Ophrys alasiatica Kreutz, Segers & H.Walraven
  • Ophrys amanensis subsp. antalyensis (Kreutz & Seckel) Kreutz
  • Ophrys amanensis subsp. iceliensis (Kreutz) Kreutz
  • Ophrys antalyensis Kreutz & Seckel
  • Ophrys aranifera subsp. boissieri (Soó) Soó
  • Ophrys aranifera subsp. macedonica H.Fleischm. ex Soó
  • Ophrys aranifera subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó
  • Ophrys aranifera subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) K.Richt.
  • Ophrys aranifera subsp. vierhapperi (Soó) Soó
  • Ophrys caucasica Woronow ex Grossh.
  • Ophrys caucasica subsp. cyclocheila Aver.
  • Ophrys chaonica P.Delforge
  • Ophrys ciliciana (Kreutz) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys cretensis subsp. samica A.Alibertis
  • Ophrys cyclocheila (Aver.) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys doerfleri subsp. mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Paulus & M.Hirth
  • Ophrys eretriae M.Hirth & Paulus
  • Ophrys grammica (B.Willing & E.Willing) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers
  • Ophrys grammica subsp. knossia A.Alibertis
  • Ophrys hansreinhardii M.Hirth
  • Ophrys herae M.Hirth & H.Spaeth
  • Ophrys herae subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) M.Hirth
  • Ophrys herae subsp. osmaniaca Kreutz
  • Ophrys hittitica Kreutz & Ruedi Peter
  • Ophrys hystera Kreutz & Ruedi Peter
  • Ophrys iceliensis Kreutz
  • Ophrys janrenzii M.Hirth
  • Ophrys knossia (A.Alibertis) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys leucophthalma Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers
  • Ophrys macedonica (H.Fleischm. ex Soó) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers
  • Ophrys mammosa Desf.
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. caucasica (Woronow ex Grossh.) Soó
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. ciliciana Kreutz
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. cyclocheila (Aver.) B.Baumann, H.Baumann, R.Lorenz & Ruedi Peter
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. falsomammosa B.Baumann & H.Baumann
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. grammica B.Willing & E.Willing
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) Kreutz
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. leucophthalma (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. macedonica (H.Fleischm. ex Soó) Kreutz
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. mouterdeana B.Baumann & H.Baumann
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. parviflora Kreutz & H.Heitz
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. posteria B.Baumann & H.Baumann
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. serotina B.Willing & E.Willing
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó
  • Ophrys mammosa subsp. vierhapperi (Soó) Soó
  • Ophrys morio Paulus & Kreutz
  • Ophrys mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys osmaniaca (Kreutz) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys palaestinae Kreutz & Shifman
  • Ophrys paphlagonica (Kreutz) P.Delforge
  • Ophrys posteria (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.
  • Ophrys prespaensis M.Hirth & Paulus
  • Ophrys pseudomammosa Renz
  • Ophrys sintenisii H.Fleischm. & Bornm.
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. alasiatica (Kreutz, Segers & H.Walraven) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. caucasica (Woronow ex Grossh.) Soó
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. grammica (B.Willing & E.Willing) Kreutz
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. herae (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) Kreutz
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E.Nelson
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. parnassica Soó ex J.J.Wood
  • Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sintenisii (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) E.Nelson
  • Ophrys spruneri var. orientalis Soó
  • Ophrys taurica (Aggeenko) Nevski
  • Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. morio (Paulus & Kreutz) Kreutz
  • Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz
  • Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. paphlagonica Kreutz
  • Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. sintenisii (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Kreutz
  • Ophrys willingii Paulus & M.Hirth

According to the IUCN Red List, the category and status of the species is "Endangered" – EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii).[citation needed]

Description edit

During various stages of growth, the white petals of Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica turn into pink, where various colors (green, yellow, red, etc.) merge together. There are also patterns on the lip.[4]

Distribution edit

Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica is widely distributed. In southeast Europe, it is found in Albania, Bulgaria, East Thrace, Greece, Crimea, Romania and former Yugoslavia. In Western Asia, it is found in Crete, Cyprus, the East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, the Palestine region and Turkey. It is also native to the North Caucasus and the South Caucasus.[1]

Local etymology edit

In Armenian, its native name (sardakir mexvakir) refers to its primary pollinators, spiders (sard) and bees (mexu) and their food (kir).[citation needed]

Khara in Azerbaijani is a thick and shiny fabric with different patterns on it , that changes its colors when look at from different angles. Because of these characteristics, the plant acquired its Azerbaijani name, which translates as 'khara nightingale'. The spelling of the word khara becomes khari by requirement of the law of harmony in Azerbaijani.[5]

Culture edit

 
2007 stamp of Azerbaijan depicting the flower
 
Khari Bulbul Music Festival logo in 1991

In 2014, an exhibition titled "Khari bulbul, a flower of peace and love" was organized by the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Azerbaijanis in Russia.[6] In March 2014, a presentation ceremony involving Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica took place in the United States Botanic Garden Conservatory.[7]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó ex Niketic & Djordjevic". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-12-13.
  2. ^ "Studies on the botanical and ecological aspects of a rare species Ophrys caucasica from Azerbaijan (Orchidaceae)". October 2019. Retrieved 2020-11-12 – via Researchgate.
  3. ^ "Georgian Biodiversity Database". biodiversity-georgia.net. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
  4. ^ Huseyinoghlu, Kamil (8 April 2022). ""Xarı bülbül" adının mənası". Axar. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  5. ^ "The meaning of the word Khari Bulbul". Karabakh Foundation. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  6. ^ "'Khari Bulbul - a flower of peace and love' exhibition due in Moscow". Today.az. 4 August 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  7. ^ Rajabova, Sara (19 March 2014). "Karabakh's Khari Bulbul presented in U.S." Azernews. Retrieved 12 May 2017.

External links edit

  • Hari bulbul – the flower of peace and love
  • The meaning of the word khari bulbul
  • Alibeyli, Jamil (Summer 1998). "Susha: Heartbeat of Karabakh". Azerbaijan International. 6 (2): 52–54.

ophrys, sphegodes, subsp, taurica, with, many, synonyms, including, ophrys, caucasica, subspecies, orchid, native, from, southeast, europe, through, caucasus, iran, ophrys, caucasica, been, recorded, numerous, areas, throughout, armenia, azerbaijan, georgia, r. Ophrys sphegodes subsp taurica with many synonyms including Ophrys caucasica is a subspecies of orchid native from southeast Europe through the Caucasus to Iran As Ophrys caucasica it has been recorded in numerous areas throughout Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia and Russia 2 3 Local names include Armenian Սարդակիր Մեղվակիր romanized Sardakir mexvakir Azerbaijani xari bulbul and Georgian ფუტკრის დედა romanized put k ris deda Ophrys sphegodes subsp tauricaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AsparagalesFamily OrchidaceaeSubfamily OrchidoideaeGenus OphrysSpecies O sphegodesSubspecies O s subsp tauricaTrinomial nameOphrys sphegodes subsp taurica Aggeenko Soo ex Niketic amp Djordjevic 1 Synonyms 1 ListOphrys adonidis A Camus amp Gomb Ophrys aegilica EngelenOphrys aesculapii subsp pseudoaraneifera RenzOphrys alasiatica Kreutz Segers amp H WalravenOphrys amanensis subsp antalyensis Kreutz amp Seckel KreutzOphrys amanensis subsp iceliensis Kreutz KreutzOphrys antalyensis Kreutz amp SeckelOphrys aranifera subsp boissieri Soo SooOphrys aranifera subsp macedonica H Fleischm ex SooOphrys aranifera subsp mammosa Desf SooOphrys aranifera subsp taurica Aggeenko K Richt Ophrys aranifera subsp vierhapperi Soo SooOphrys caucasica Woronow ex Grossh Ophrys caucasica subsp cyclocheila Aver Ophrys chaonica P DelforgeOphrys ciliciana Kreutz P DelforgeOphrys cretensis subsp samica A AlibertisOphrys cyclocheila Aver P DelforgeOphrys doerfleri subsp mouterdeana B Baumann amp H Baumann Paulus amp M HirthOphrys eretriae M Hirth amp PaulusOphrys grammica B Willing amp E Willing Devillers Tersch amp DevillersOphrys grammica subsp knossia A AlibertisOphrys hansreinhardii M HirthOphrys herae M Hirth amp H SpaethOphrys herae subsp janrenzii M Hirth M HirthOphrys herae subsp osmaniaca KreutzOphrys hittitica Kreutz amp Ruedi PeterOphrys hystera Kreutz amp Ruedi PeterOphrys iceliensis KreutzOphrys janrenzii M HirthOphrys knossia A Alibertis P DelforgeOphrys leucophthalma Devillers Tersch amp DevillersOphrys macedonica H Fleischm ex Soo Devillers Tersch amp DevillersOphrys mammosa Desf Ophrys mammosa subsp caucasica Woronow ex Grossh SooOphrys mammosa subsp ciliciana KreutzOphrys mammosa subsp cyclocheila Aver B Baumann H Baumann R Lorenz amp Ruedi PeterOphrys mammosa subsp falsomammosa B Baumann amp H BaumannOphrys mammosa subsp grammica B Willing amp E WillingOphrys mammosa subsp janrenzii M Hirth KreutzOphrys mammosa subsp leucophthalma Devillers Tersch amp Devillers KreutzOphrys mammosa subsp macedonica H Fleischm ex Soo KreutzOphrys mammosa subsp mouterdeana B Baumann amp H BaumannOphrys mammosa subsp parviflora Kreutz amp H HeitzOphrys mammosa subsp posteria B Baumann amp H BaumannOphrys mammosa subsp serotina B Willing amp E WillingOphrys mammosa subsp taurica Aggeenko SooOphrys mammosa subsp vierhapperi Soo SooOphrys morio Paulus amp KreutzOphrys mouterdeana B Baumann amp H Baumann P DelforgeOphrys osmaniaca Kreutz P DelforgeOphrys palaestinae Kreutz amp ShifmanOphrys paphlagonica Kreutz P DelforgeOphrys posteria B Baumann amp H Baumann Devillers amp Devillers Tersch Ophrys prespaensis M Hirth amp PaulusOphrys pseudomammosa RenzOphrys sintenisii H Fleischm amp Bornm Ophrys sphegodes subsp alasiatica Kreutz Segers amp H Walraven H Baumann amp R LorenzOphrys sphegodes subsp caucasica Woronow ex Grossh SooOphrys sphegodes subsp grammica B Willing amp E Willing KreutzOphrys sphegodes subsp herae M Hirth amp H Spaeth KreutzOphrys sphegodes subsp janrenzii M Hirth KreutzOphrys sphegodes subsp mammosa Desf Soo ex E NelsonOphrys sphegodes subsp parnassica Soo ex J J WoodOphrys sphegodes subsp sintenisii H Fleischm amp Bornm E NelsonOphrys spruneri var orientalis SooOphrys taurica Aggeenko NevskiOphrys transhyrcana subsp morio Paulus amp Kreutz KreutzOphrys transhyrcana subsp mouterdeana B Baumann amp H Baumann KreutzOphrys transhyrcana subsp paphlagonica KreutzOphrys transhyrcana subsp sintenisii H Fleischm amp Bornm KreutzOphrys willingii Paulus amp M HirthAccording to the IUCN Red List the category and status of the species is Endangered EN B1ab iii 2ab iii citation needed Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Local etymology 4 Culture 5 References 6 External linksDescription editDuring various stages of growth the white petals of Ophrys sphegodes subsp taurica turn into pink where various colors green yellow red etc merge together There are also patterns on the lip 4 Distribution editOphrys sphegodes subsp taurica is widely distributed In southeast Europe it is found in Albania Bulgaria East Thrace Greece Crimea Romania and former Yugoslavia In Western Asia it is found in Crete Cyprus the East Aegean Islands Iran Iraq Lebanon Syria the Palestine region and Turkey It is also native to the North Caucasus and the South Caucasus 1 Local etymology editIn Armenian its native name sardakir mexvakir refers to its primary pollinators spiders sard and bees mexu and their food kir citation needed Khara in Azerbaijani is a thick and shiny fabric with different patterns on it that changes its colors when look at from different angles Because of these characteristics the plant acquired its Azerbaijani name which translates as khara nightingale The spelling of the word khara becomes khari by requirement of the law of harmony in Azerbaijani 5 Culture edit nbsp 2007 stamp of Azerbaijan depicting the flower nbsp Khari Bulbul Music Festival logo in 1991In 2014 an exhibition titled Khari bulbul a flower of peace and love was organized by the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Azerbaijanis in Russia 6 In March 2014 a presentation ceremony involving Ophrys sphegodes subsp taurica took place in the United States Botanic Garden Conservatory 7 References edit a b c Ophrys sphegodes subsp taurica Aggeenko Soo ex Niketic amp Djordjevic Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2023 12 13 Studies on the botanical and ecological aspects of a rare species Ophrys caucasica from Azerbaijan Orchidaceae October 2019 Retrieved 2020 11 12 via Researchgate Georgian Biodiversity Database biodiversity georgia net Retrieved 2020 11 12 Huseyinoghlu Kamil 8 April 2022 Xari bulbul adinin menasi Axar Retrieved 12 March 2023 The meaning of the word Khari Bulbul Karabakh Foundation Retrieved 12 March 2023 Khari Bulbul a flower of peace and love exhibition due in Moscow Today az 4 August 2014 Retrieved 12 May 2017 Rajabova Sara 19 March 2014 Karabakh s Khari Bulbul presented in U S Azernews Retrieved 12 May 2017 External links editHari bulbul the flower of peace and love The meaning of the word khari bulbul Alibeyli Jamil Summer 1998 Susha Heartbeat of Karabakh Azerbaijan International 6 2 52 54 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ophrys sphegodes subsp taurica amp oldid 1189687515, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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