In the Ottoman Empire, a kaza was originally a "geographical area subject to the legal and administrative jurisdiction of a kadı.[1] With the first Tanzimat reforms of 1839, the administrative duties of the kadı were transferred to a governor (kaymakam), with the kadıs acting as judges of Islamic law.[6] In the Tanzimat era, the kaza became an administrative district with the 1864 Provincial Reform Law, which was implemented over the following decade.[5] A kaza unified the jurisdiction of a governor (kaymakam) appointed by the Ministry of the Interior,[7] a treasurer (chief finance officer), and a judge (kadı) in a single administrative unit.[5] It was part of efforts of the Porte to establish uniform, rational administration across the empire.[5]
The kaza was a subdivision of a sanjak[1] and corresponded roughly to a city with its surrounding villages. Kazas, in turn, were divided into nahiyes (governed by müdürs and mütesellims) and villages (karye, governed by muhtars).[7] The 1871 revisions to the administrative law established the nahiye (still governing a müdür), as an intermediate level between the kaza and the village.[7]
Turkeyedit
The early Republic of Turkey continued to use the term kaza until it renamed them ilçe in the late 1920s.[when?]
Middle Eastern countriesedit
The kaza was also formerly a second-level administrative division in Syria, but it is now called a mintaqah.
The kaza or qadaa is used to refer to the following:
^ abcSelçuk Akşin Somel. "Kazâ". The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. Volume 152 of A to Z Guides. Rowman & Littlefield, 2010. p. 151. ISBN9780810875791
^ abcdeStrauss, Johann (2010). "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the Kanun-ı Esasi and Other Official Texts into Minority Languages". In Herzog, Christoph; Malek Sharif (eds.). The First Ottoman Experiment in Democracy. Würzburg: Orient-Institut Istanbul. p. 21-51. (info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 41-44 (PDF p. 43-46/338).
^Suraiya Faroqhi. Approaching Ottoman History: An Introduction to the Sources. Cambridge University Press, 1999. p. 88. ISBN9780521666480
^Donald Quataert. The Ottoman Empire, 1700-1922. 2nd Ed. Volume 34 of New Approaches to European History. Cambridge University Press, 2005. p. 108. ISBN9781139445917
^ abcdEugene L. Rogan. Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921. Volume 12 of Cambridge Middle East Studies. Cambridge University Press, 2002. p. 12. ISBN9780521892230
^Selçuk Akşin Somel. "Kadı". The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. Volume 152 of A to Z Guides. Rowman & Littlefield, 2010. p. 144-145. ISBN9780810875791
^ abcGökhan Çetinsaya. The Ottoman Administration of Iraq, 1890-1908. SOAS/Routledge Studies on the Middle East. Routledge, 2006. p. 8-9. ISBN9780203481325
November 28, 2023
kaza, this, article, about, type, administrative, unit, near, east, other, uses, disambiguation, kaza, arabic, قضاء, qaḍāʾ, pronounced, qɑˈd, ˤɑːʔ, plural, أقضية, aqḍiyah, pronounced, ˈɑqd, ˤijɑ, ottoman, turkish, قضا, kaza, note, french, casa, administrative,. This article is about a type of administrative unit in the Near East For other uses see Kaza disambiguation A kaza Arabic قضاء qaḍaʾ pronounced qɑˈd ˤɑːʔ plural أقضية aqḍiyah pronounced ˈɑqd ˤijɑ Ottoman Turkish قضا kaza 1 note 1 French casa is an administrative division historically used in the Ottoman Empire and is currently used in several of its successor states The term is from Ottoman Turkish and means jurisdiction it is often translated district 3 sub district 4 though this also applies to a nahiye ناحية or juridical district 5 Contents 1 Ottoman Empire 2 Turkey 3 Middle Eastern countries 4 See also 5 Notes 6 ReferencesOttoman Empire editIn the Ottoman Empire a kaza was originally a geographical area subject to the legal and administrative jurisdiction of a kadi 1 With the first Tanzimat reforms of 1839 the administrative duties of the kadi were transferred to a governor kaymakam with the kadis acting as judges of Islamic law 6 In the Tanzimat era the kaza became an administrative district with the 1864 Provincial Reform Law which was implemented over the following decade 5 A kaza unified the jurisdiction of a governor kaymakam appointed by the Ministry of the Interior 7 a treasurer chief finance officer and a judge kadi in a single administrative unit 5 It was part of efforts of the Porte to establish uniform rational administration across the empire 5 The kaza was a subdivision of a sanjak 1 and corresponded roughly to a city with its surrounding villages Kazas in turn were divided into nahiyes governed by mudurs and mutesellims and villages karye governed by muhtars 7 The 1871 revisions to the administrative law established the nahiye still governing a mudur as an intermediate level between the kaza and the village 7 Turkey editThe early Republic of Turkey continued to use the term kaza until it renamed them ilce in the late 1920s when Middle Eastern countries editThe kaza was also formerly a second level administrative division in Syria but it is now called a mintaqah The kaza or qadaa is used to refer to the following Districts of Iraq second level below the governorate Districts of Lebanon second level below the governorate Sub districts third level below the governorate and the district Subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine Counties of IsraelSee also editAlcalde QadiNotes edit Some translations in languages used by ethnic minorities 2 Armenian աւան awan meaning borough 2 Bulgarian okoliya okoliya meaning district 2 also Kaaza Greek ypodioikhsis hypodioikesis or dhmos demos which means borough or municipality 2 also kazas kazas Ladino kaza 2 References edit a b c Selcuk Aksin Somel Kaza The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire Volume 152 of A to Z Guides Rowman amp Littlefield 2010 p 151 ISBN 9780810875791 a b c d e Strauss Johann 2010 A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire Translations of the Kanun i Esasi and Other Official Texts into Minority Languages In Herzog Christoph Malek Sharif eds The First Ottoman Experiment in Democracy Wurzburg Orient Institut Istanbul p 21 51 info page on book at Martin Luther University CITED p 41 44 PDF p 43 46 338 Suraiya Faroqhi Approaching Ottoman History An Introduction to the Sources Cambridge University Press 1999 p 88 ISBN 9780521666480 Donald Quataert The Ottoman Empire 1700 1922 2nd Ed Volume 34 of New Approaches to European History Cambridge University Press 2005 p 108 ISBN 9781139445917 a b c d Eugene L Rogan Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire Transjordan 1850 1921 Volume 12 of Cambridge Middle East Studies Cambridge University Press 2002 p 12 ISBN 9780521892230 Selcuk Aksin Somel Kadi The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire Volume 152 of A to Z Guides Rowman amp Littlefield 2010 p 144 145 ISBN 9780810875791 a b c Gokhan Cetinsaya The Ottoman Administration of Iraq 1890 1908 SOAS Routledge Studies on the Middle East Routledge 2006 p 8 9 ISBN 9780203481325 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kaza amp oldid 1177050591, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
