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Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling

January 01, 1970

Karl Richard Freiherr Michel von Tüßling[a] (27 July 1907 – 30 October 1991) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer who served in the Nazi government of dictator Adolf Hitler, in the staff of the Reichsführer SS and in the staff of the SS Main Office. From 1936 onwards, he also was the personal adjutant of Reichsleiter and SS-Obergruppenführer Philipp Bouhler, who was in charge of Hitler's Chancellery (Kanzlei des Führers), head of the euthanasia programme Aktion T4, as well as co-initiator of Aktion 14f13.[1][2] In 1947 Tüßling provided an affidavit in defence of war criminal Viktor Brack who was sentenced to death at the Nuremberg trials.[3][4]

Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling
(from left) Philipp Bouhler, Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling (center), Robert Ley with his wife Inga; Munich, July 1939
Born(1907-07-27)27 July 1907
Tüßling, Bavaria, Germany
Died30 October 1991(1991-10-30) (aged 84)
Tüßling, Bavaria, Germany
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branch Schutzstaffel
Years of service1933–1945
RankSturmbannführer
Service numberNSDAP #1 726 624
SS #56 074
SS Zivilabzeichen # 106 983
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsSS-Ehrendegen, SA Sports Badge, Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class

Biography edit

Early life edit

Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling was born in Tüßling, Bavaria, as the second child of Alfred Freiherr Michel v. Tüßling (1870–1957) and Hertha Gräfin Wolffskeel v. Reichenberg (1877–1948).[5] He grew up on the Upper Bavarian estate of Tüßling castle, which his father bought in 1905. After the First World War he graduated from high school (Abitur) and studied forestry in Munich at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität. He graduated as a Diplom-Forstwirt.[6][7]

Michel von Tüßling came from a national conservative family. His father had served as a Major (reserve) of the Bavarian Army. His uncle Eberhard Wolffskeel von Reichenberg (1875–1954) served as a Major in the Imperial Army. As chief of staff to Fakhri Pasha, deputy commander of the Ottoman Fourth Army, he was actively involved in the Armenian genocide.[8][9][10] His uncle Richard von Michel-Raulino (1864–1926) was a committed member of the German National People's Party as well as publisher and owner of the national conservative Bamberger Tagblatt newspaper.[11] His older sister Freda (1905–1936) was married to the Nazi Henning von Nordeck (1895–1978), who served as a SS-Standartenführer in the staff of the Reichsleitung SS, as early as 1934.[12]

Nazi Party and SS career edit

Michel von Tüßling joined the SS (Motorized Unit 2) in Munich in April 1933, shortly after the Nazi Party (NSDAP) seized national power. In summer 1933 he was transferred to the 1st SS-Standarte in Munich, that was commanded by Viktor Brack, who was also chief of staff to the Reich Secretary of the NSDAP, Reichsleiter Philipp Bouhler. In August 1934, Bouhler became police chairman of Munich, and only a month later, he was appointed chief of Adolf Hitler's Chancellery. In 1935 Bouhler summoned Michel von Tüssling to Berlin, where he became a commissioned officer, rising to the rank of Untersturmführer.[13] He served in Hitler's Chancellery (KdF) and also became a staff officer to the Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler.[14][15] Shortly after its foundation in December 1935, Michel von Tüßling became a member of the SS organization Lebensborn.[16]

 
(from left) Heinrich Himmler, Robert Ley with his wife Inga, Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling (right), Munich, 1939

In 1936 he was promoted to Obersturmführer and became Bouhler's personal adjutant. Brack was appointed chief of Main Office 2 (Hauptamt II). Bouhler's office was responsible for all correspondences for Hitler which included private and internal communications, appeals from party courts, official judgments, and clemency petitions. In 1937, he also became a staff officer at the SS Main Office, and was promoted to Hauptsturmführer in 1938. Michel von Tüßling continued his service in Hitler's Chancellery and the SS, and remained the personal adjutant of Bouhler throughout the Aktion T4, the programme of involuntary euthanasia, that ran officially from September 1939 to August 1941, killing more than 70,000 people.[1][17] On 30 January 1941, Michel von Tüßling was promoted to Sturmbannführer.[18][19]

In 1941 Bouhler and Himmler initiated Aktion 14f13. Bouhler instructed the head of the Hauptamt II, Viktor Brack who had already been in charge of the various front operations of T4, to implement this order. Aktion 14f13 killed 15,000–20,000 concentration camp prisoners. Many KdF employees who participated in T4 later joined Operation Reinhard, the Nazi plan under Odilo Globocnik to exterminate Polish Jews in the General Government district of German-occupied Poland, that was executed from October 1941 till November 1943.

In the 1943 and 1944 SS Officers list (Dienstalterslisten der SS), Michel von Tüßling was listed under the number '2007', serving as a staff officer in the SS-Hauptamt.[20][21] The SS-Hauptamt maintained for other branches of the SS, the "paper trail" for such activities as the Einsatzgruppen, Final Solution and the commission of the Holocaust. Later on 10 May 1945, Bouhler was captured and arrested by American troops. He committed suicide on 19 May 1945 while in the U.S. internment camp at Zell am See in Austria.[22]

Michel von Tüßling was interned at Regensburg Internment Camp, from where he provided an affidavit in defence of Viktor Brack in 1947. In this affidavit he also describes their (Brack, Bouhler, Michel von Tüßling) relation to Adolf Hitler's private secretary Martin Bormann; (excerpt):

Brack was an outspoken opponent of Bormann's policy, especially of the NSDAP totality demands advocated by Bormann. I know this very definitely, because Brack repeatedly asked me to use my personal influence to induce Reichsleiter Bouhler to adopt a more active attitude against Bormann's efforts. Bouhler certainly shared Brack's and my opinion of Bormann, but in spite of our remonstrances did not alter his passive attitude to Bormann. ... I am convinced that he [Brack] did not regard the SS as an organisation for the perpetration of crimes. His attitude to the Jewish question did not correspond to the usual SS conception. He was on good terms with several Jews of mixed descent and in his official capacity repeatedly acted on behalf of Jews who applied to him for assistance.

— Karl Baron Michel von Tüßling, Regensburg, 31 March 1947[23]

During the Nuremberg "Doctors' trial", Brack was accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity: Nazi human experimentation, mass murder under the guise of euthanasia, his relation to Aktion 14f13, and his involvement to the implementation of the Final Solution. Brack was found guilty and executed at Landsberg Prison in 1948.

Michel von Tüßling was able to conceal his wartime KdF- and SS-activity from the American prosecutors. At the Nuremberg Doctors trial, he affirmed an affidavit that in September 1939 he was drafted into the Luftwaffe, where he served until the end of the war. After his release from the detention center in 1948, he returned to Tüßling and worked as a farmer. Along with Brack and Bouhler, one of his close Nazi Party friends was the former Minister of Armaments and War Production Albert Speer, who regularly visited him on his estate following his release from Spandau Prison in 1966.[24] Michel von Tüßling died at Tüßling Castle in 1991.

Family edit

 
Gravestone of Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling and his wife Ulrike, on the pilgrimage church Innocent Children, Heiligenstatt (Tüßling)

Michel von Tüßling was married twice. His first marriage took place on the 16 May 1938 to Elisabeth von Stumm (1918–1996) in Berlin; divorced, Traunstein, 22. December 1948. His second marriage took place on the 14 November 1960 to Ulrike Barth (1925–1999) in Munich.[25] He had three children. His daughter, Stephanie Gräfin Bruges-von Pfuel [de] (born 1961), who inherited her father's estate, was from 1. May 2014 till 30. April 2020 mayor of Tüßling (CSU).[26][27] In her first marriage she was married to Benedict Count Batthyány (born 1960), whose aunt Margit Batthyàny aka "The Killer Countess"[note 1] (1911–1989), a daughter of Heinrich Thyssen, maintained a reconvalescence home for members of the SS (Rechnitz massacre).[29] From 1999–2005 she was married to Christian Graf Bruges-von Pfuel (* 1942), grandson of General der Panzertruppe Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg. His daughter Ulrike (born 1962) married in 1988 Eckbert von Bohlen und Halbach (born 1956), a member of the Krupp family and nephew of the industrialist Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, who was convicted after World War II of crimes against humanity; divorced 1995.[30] Michel von Tüßling's sister Freda (1905–1936) was married to the Alter Kämpfer, SS-Standartenführer Henning von Nordeck (1895–1978). His cousin Lilly (1892-1973) was married to Willy Messerschmitt (1898–1978). The second husband of his cousin Marie (1893-1978), Karl Freiherr von Thüngen (1893-1944) was a general in the Wehrmacht who was executed in 1944 after the failed 20 July Plot.

Officer ranks edit

SS edit

Wehrmacht edit

Awards and decorations edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Regarding personal names: Freiherr was a title before 1919, but now is regarded as part of the surname. It is translated as Baron. Before the August 1919 abolition of nobility as a legal class, titles preceded the full name when given (Graf Helmuth James von Moltke). Since 1919, these titles, along with any nobiliary prefix (von, zu, etc.), can be used, but are regarded as a dependent part of the surname, and thus come after any given names (Helmuth James Graf von Moltke). Titles and all dependent parts of surnames are ignored in alphabetical sorting. The feminine forms are Freifrau and Freiin.
  1. ^ During the final days of World War II, on 24 March 1945, she hosted a party for SS officers, Gestapo leaders, Nazi Youth, and local collaborators at the Thyssen's castle at Rechnitz during which 200 Jews were slaughtered. Whether Margit herself personally killed anyone at the party is disputed.[28]

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Nationalsozialistisches Jahrbuch 1942". Google Books (in German). 2016-07-28. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  2. ^ "Adelige Funktionäre in der NSDAP im Jahre 1939". Institut Deutsche Adelsforschung (in German). Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  3. ^ "Harvard Law School Library - Nuremberg Trials Project". nuremberg.law.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  4. ^ Ebbinghaus, Angelika (2001). The Nuremberg Medical Trial 1946/47, Walter de Gruyter, p. 236. ISBN 978-31-109-5007-6
  5. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Freiherrliche Häuser, Band XV, Limburg a.d. Lahn 1989, p. 359 ff.
  6. ^ "Reiche Deutsche: Michel, Freiherren". Willkommen... (in German). Retrieved 2018-04-26.
  7. ^ Universität München (1928). Personen- und Vorlesungs-Verzeichnis.
  8. ^ "Books and publications". Gomidas Institute. Retrieved 2018-05-05.
  9. ^ Jürgen Gottschlich (2015). Beihilfe zum Völkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier. Ch. Links Verlag. pp. 17 ff. ISBN 978-3-86153-817-2.
  10. ^ Graf Eberhard Wolffskeel von Reichenberg (2004). Eberhard Count Wolffskeel Von Reichenberg, Zeitoun, Mousa Dagh, Ourfa: Letters on the Armenian Genocide. Gomidas Institute. ISBN 978-1-903656-43-3.
  11. ^ "Bamberger Tagblatt (1834–1945) – Historisches Lexikon Bayerns". Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (in German). 2018-04-29. Retrieved 2018-04-29.
  12. ^ SS-Personalhauptamt (Hrsg.), Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP, Stand vom 1. Oktober 1934, München, 1934, S. 8
  13. ^ . nuremberg.law.harvard.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-08-29. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  14. ^ SS-Personalhauptamt (Hrsg.), Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP, Stand vom 1. Juli 1935, Berlin, 1935, S. 103
  15. ^ a b "von Michel-Tüßling Karl". Familie Tenhumberg (in German). Retrieved 2018-05-04.
  16. ^ SS-Personalhauptamt (Hrsg.), Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP, Stand vom 1. Dezember 1937, Berlin, 1937, S. 166
  17. ^ NSDAP - Reichsorganisationsleiter Dr. Robert Ley, Hg. (1941), Nationalsozialistisches Jahrbuch 1942, Franz Eher Nachfolger, Munich, p. 167
  18. ^ "Numery członków SS od 56 000 do 56 999". DWS-XIP Druga Wojna Światowa (in Polish). Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  19. ^ "The numbers of members of the SS: 56 000 to 56 999". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  20. ^ SS-Personalhauptamt (Hrsg.), Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP, SS-Obersturmbannführer bis SS-Sturmbannführer, Stand vom 1. Oktober 1943, Berlin, 1943, S. 50
  21. ^ SS-Personalhauptamt (Hrsg.), Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP, SS-Obersturmbannführer und SS-Sturmbannführer, Stand vom 1. Oktober 1944, Berlin, 1944, S. 51.
  22. ^ Miller, Michael (2006). Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1, R. James Bender Publishing, p. 155. ISBN 978-93-297-0037-2
  23. ^ "Affidavit: Karl Freiherr Michel von Tuessling, page 3-4". Harvard Law School. Retrieved 2016-11-03.
  24. ^ Stephanie von Pfuel, Wenn schon, denn schon, Autobiografie, LangenMüller, München, 2007, S. 167
  25. ^ Elward, Ronald (2004-02-24). "BOHLEN UND HALBACH". The Heirs of Europe. Retrieved 2016-09-15.
  26. ^ "Bürgermeisterin Marktgemeinde Tüßling". Marktgemeinde Tüßling (in German). 2019-04-04. Retrieved 2019-05-16.
  27. ^ . Stephanie von Pfuel (in German). Archived from the original on 2016-08-24. Retrieved 2016-09-17.
  28. ^ "The killer countess: The dark past of Baron Heinrich Thyssen's daughter". Independent.co.uk. 6 October 2007.
  29. ^ "The killer countess: The dark past of Baron Heinrich Thyssen's". The Independent. 2007-10-07. Retrieved 2018-05-04.
  30. ^ "BOHLEN UND HALBACH". The Heirs of Europe (in Breton). 2004-02-24. Retrieved 2018-04-08.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
karl, freiherr, michel, tüßling, karl, richard, freiherr, michel, tüßling, july, 1907, october, 1991, german, schutzstaffel, officer, served, nazi, government, dictator, adolf, hitler, staff, reichsführer, staff, main, office, from, 1936, onwards, also, person. Karl Richard Freiherr Michel von Tussling a 27 July 1907 30 October 1991 was a German Schutzstaffel SS officer who served in the Nazi government of dictator Adolf Hitler in the staff of the Reichsfuhrer SS and in the staff of the SS Main Office From 1936 onwards he also was the personal adjutant of Reichsleiter and SS Obergruppenfuhrer Philipp Bouhler who was in charge of Hitler s Chancellery Kanzlei des Fuhrers head of the euthanasia programme Aktion T4 as well as co initiator of Aktion 14f13 1 2 In 1947 Tussling provided an affidavit in defence of war criminal Viktor Brack who was sentenced to death at the Nuremberg trials 3 4 Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling from left Philipp Bouhler Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling center Robert Ley with his wife Inga Munich July 1939Born 1907 07 27 27 July 1907Tussling Bavaria GermanyDied30 October 1991 1991 10 30 aged 84 Tussling Bavaria GermanyAllegiance Nazi GermanyService wbr branchSchutzstaffelYears of service1933 1945RankSturmbannfuhrerService numberNSDAP 1 726 624SS 56 074SS Zivilabzeichen 106 983Battles warsWorld War IIAwardsSS Ehrendegen SA Sports Badge Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life 1 2 Nazi Party and SS career 1 3 Family 2 Officer ranks 2 1 SS 2 2 Wehrmacht 3 Awards and decorations 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksBiography editEarly life edit Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling was born in Tussling Bavaria as the second child of Alfred Freiherr Michel v Tussling 1870 1957 and Hertha Grafin Wolffskeel v Reichenberg 1877 1948 5 He grew up on the Upper Bavarian estate of Tussling castle which his father bought in 1905 After the First World War he graduated from high school Abitur and studied forestry in Munich at the Ludwig Maximilians Universitat He graduated as a Diplom Forstwirt 6 7 Michel von Tussling came from a national conservative family His father had served as a Major reserve of the Bavarian Army His uncle Eberhard Wolffskeel von Reichenberg 1875 1954 served as a Major in the Imperial Army As chief of staff to Fakhri Pasha deputy commander of the Ottoman Fourth Army he was actively involved in the Armenian genocide 8 9 10 His uncle Richard von Michel Raulino 1864 1926 was a committed member of the German National People s Party as well as publisher and owner of the national conservative Bamberger Tagblatt newspaper 11 His older sister Freda 1905 1936 was married to the Nazi Henning von Nordeck 1895 1978 who served as a SS Standartenfuhrer in the staff of the Reichsleitung SS as early as 1934 12 Nazi Party and SS career edit Michel von Tussling joined the SS Motorized Unit 2 in Munich in April 1933 shortly after the Nazi Party NSDAP seized national power In summer 1933 he was transferred to the 1st SS Standarte in Munich that was commanded by Viktor Brack who was also chief of staff to the Reich Secretary of the NSDAP Reichsleiter Philipp Bouhler In August 1934 Bouhler became police chairman of Munich and only a month later he was appointed chief of Adolf Hitler s Chancellery In 1935 Bouhler summoned Michel von Tussling to Berlin where he became a commissioned officer rising to the rank of Untersturmfuhrer 13 He served in Hitler s Chancellery KdF and also became a staff officer to the Reichsfuhrer SS Heinrich Himmler 14 15 Shortly after its foundation in December 1935 Michel von Tussling became a member of the SS organization Lebensborn 16 nbsp from left Heinrich Himmler Robert Ley with his wife Inga Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling right Munich 1939 In 1936 he was promoted to Obersturmfuhrer and became Bouhler s personal adjutant Brack was appointed chief of Main Office 2 Hauptamt II Bouhler s office was responsible for all correspondences for Hitler which included private and internal communications appeals from party courts official judgments and clemency petitions In 1937 he also became a staff officer at the SS Main Office and was promoted to Hauptsturmfuhrer in 1938 Michel von Tussling continued his service in Hitler s Chancellery and the SS and remained the personal adjutant of Bouhler throughout the Aktion T4 the programme of involuntary euthanasia that ran officially from September 1939 to August 1941 killing more than 70 000 people 1 17 On 30 January 1941 Michel von Tussling was promoted to Sturmbannfuhrer 18 19 In 1941 Bouhler and Himmler initiated Aktion 14f13 Bouhler instructed the head of the Hauptamt II Viktor Brack who had already been in charge of the various front operations of T4 to implement this order Aktion 14f13 killed 15 000 20 000 concentration camp prisoners Many KdF employees who participated in T4 later joined Operation Reinhard the Nazi plan under Odilo Globocnik to exterminate Polish Jews in the General Government district of German occupied Poland that was executed from October 1941 till November 1943 In the 1943 and 1944 SS Officers list Dienstalterslisten der SS Michel von Tussling was listed under the number 2007 serving as a staff officer in the SS Hauptamt 20 21 The SS Hauptamt maintained for other branches of the SS the paper trail for such activities as the Einsatzgruppen Final Solution and the commission of the Holocaust Later on 10 May 1945 Bouhler was captured and arrested by American troops He committed suicide on 19 May 1945 while in the U S internment camp at Zell am See in Austria 22 Michel von Tussling was interned at Regensburg Internment Camp from where he provided an affidavit in defence of Viktor Brack in 1947 In this affidavit he also describes their Brack Bouhler Michel von Tussling relation to Adolf Hitler s private secretary Martin Bormann excerpt Brack was an outspoken opponent of Bormann s policy especially of the NSDAP totality demands advocated by Bormann I know this very definitely because Brack repeatedly asked me to use my personal influence to induce Reichsleiter Bouhler to adopt a more active attitude against Bormann s efforts Bouhler certainly shared Brack s and my opinion of Bormann but in spite of our remonstrances did not alter his passive attitude to Bormann I am convinced that he Brack did not regard the SS as an organisation for the perpetration of crimes His attitude to the Jewish question did not correspond to the usual SS conception He was on good terms with several Jews of mixed descent and in his official capacity repeatedly acted on behalf of Jews who applied to him for assistance Karl Baron Michel von Tussling Regensburg 31 March 1947 23 During the Nuremberg Doctors trial Brack was accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity Nazi human experimentation mass murder under the guise of euthanasia his relation to Aktion 14f13 and his involvement to the implementation of the Final Solution Brack was found guilty and executed at Landsberg Prison in 1948 Michel von Tussling was able to conceal his wartime KdF and SS activity from the American prosecutors At the Nuremberg Doctors trial he affirmed an affidavit that in September 1939 he was drafted into the Luftwaffe where he served until the end of the war After his release from the detention center in 1948 he returned to Tussling and worked as a farmer Along with Brack and Bouhler one of his close Nazi Party friends was the former Minister of Armaments and War Production Albert Speer who regularly visited him on his estate following his release from Spandau Prison in 1966 24 Michel von Tussling died at Tussling Castle in 1991 Family edit nbsp Gravestone of Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling and his wife Ulrike on the pilgrimage church Innocent Children Heiligenstatt Tussling Michel von Tussling was married twice His first marriage took place on the 16 May 1938 to Elisabeth von Stumm 1918 1996 in Berlin divorced Traunstein 22 December 1948 His second marriage took place on the 14 November 1960 to Ulrike Barth 1925 1999 in Munich 25 He had three children His daughter Stephanie Grafin Bruges von Pfuel de born 1961 who inherited her father s estate was from 1 May 2014 till 30 April 2020 mayor of Tussling CSU 26 27 In her first marriage she was married to Benedict Count Batthyany born 1960 whose aunt Margit Batthyany aka The Killer Countess note 1 1911 1989 a daughter of Heinrich Thyssen maintained a reconvalescence home for members of the SS Rechnitz massacre 29 From 1999 2005 she was married to Christian Graf Bruges von Pfuel 1942 grandson of General der Panzertruppe Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg His daughter Ulrike born 1962 married in 1988 Eckbert von Bohlen und Halbach born 1956 a member of the Krupp family and nephew of the industrialist Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach who was convicted after World War II of crimes against humanity divorced 1995 30 Michel von Tussling s sister Freda 1905 1936 was married to the Alter Kampfer SS Standartenfuhrer Henning von Nordeck 1895 1978 His cousin Lilly 1892 1973 was married to Willy Messerschmitt 1898 1978 The second husband of his cousin Marie 1893 1978 Karl Freiherr von Thungen 1893 1944 was a general in the Wehrmacht who was executed in 1944 after the failed 20 July Plot Officer ranks editSS edit 1935 SS Untersturmfuhrer 1936 SS Obersturmfuhrer 1938 SS Hauptsturmfuhrer 1941 SS Sturmbannfuhrer Wehrmacht edit until 1942 Leutnant der Reserve military reserve Wehrmacht 1943 Oberleutnant der ReserveAwards and decorations editIron Cross 2nd Class 1st Class SS Ehrendegen SA Sports Badge bronze SS Zivilabzeichen 106 983 15 Notes edit Regarding personal names Freiherr was a title before 1919 but now is regarded as part of the surname It is translated as Baron Before the August 1919 abolition of nobility as a legal class titles preceded the full name when given Graf Helmuth James von Moltke Since 1919 these titles along with any nobiliary prefix von zu etc can be used but are regarded as a dependent part of the surname and thus come after any given names Helmuth James Graf von Moltke Titles and all dependent parts of surnames are ignored in alphabetical sorting The feminine forms are Freifrau and Freiin During the final days of World War II on 24 March 1945 she hosted a party for SS officers Gestapo leaders Nazi Youth and local collaborators at the Thyssen s castle at Rechnitz during which 200 Jews were slaughtered Whether Margit herself personally killed anyone at the party is disputed 28 References edit a b Nationalsozialistisches Jahrbuch 1942 Google Books in German 2016 07 28 Retrieved 2016 08 19 Adelige Funktionare in der NSDAP im Jahre 1939 Institut Deutsche Adelsforschung in German Retrieved 2016 08 21 Harvard Law School Library Nuremberg Trials Project nuremberg law harvard edu Retrieved 2016 08 19 Ebbinghaus Angelika 2001 The Nuremberg Medical Trial 1946 47 Walter de Gruyter p 236 ISBN 978 31 109 5007 6 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Freiherrliche Hauser Band XV Limburg a d Lahn 1989 p 359 ff Reiche Deutsche Michel Freiherren Willkommen in German Retrieved 2018 04 26 Universitat Munchen 1928 Personen und Vorlesungs Verzeichnis Books and publications Gomidas Institute Retrieved 2018 05 05 Jurgen Gottschlich 2015 Beihilfe zum Volkermord Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier Ch Links Verlag pp 17 ff ISBN 978 3 86153 817 2 Graf Eberhard Wolffskeel von Reichenberg 2004 Eberhard Count Wolffskeel Von Reichenberg Zeitoun Mousa Dagh Ourfa Letters on the Armenian Genocide Gomidas Institute ISBN 978 1 903656 43 3 Bamberger Tagblatt 1834 1945 Historisches Lexikon Bayerns Historisches Lexikon Bayerns in German 2018 04 29 Retrieved 2018 04 29 SS Personalhauptamt Hrsg Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP Stand vom 1 Oktober 1934 Munchen 1934 S 8 Harvard Law School Library Nuremberg Trials Project nuremberg law harvard edu Archived from the original on 2016 08 29 Retrieved 2016 08 19 SS Personalhauptamt Hrsg Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP Stand vom 1 Juli 1935 Berlin 1935 S 103 a b von Michel Tussling Karl Familie Tenhumberg in German Retrieved 2018 05 04 SS Personalhauptamt Hrsg Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP Stand vom 1 Dezember 1937 Berlin 1937 S 166 NSDAP Reichsorganisationsleiter Dr Robert Ley Hg 1941 Nationalsozialistisches Jahrbuch 1942 Franz Eher Nachfolger Munich p 167 Numery czlonkow SS od 56 000 do 56 999 DWS XIP Druga Wojna Swiatowa in Polish Retrieved 2016 08 19 The numbers of members of the SS 56 000 to 56 999 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Retrieved 2016 08 19 SS Personalhauptamt Hrsg Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP SS Obersturmbannfuhrer bis SS Sturmbannfuhrer Stand vom 1 Oktober 1943 Berlin 1943 S 50 SS Personalhauptamt Hrsg Dienstalterslisten der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP SS Obersturmbannfuhrer und SS Sturmbannfuhrer Stand vom 1 Oktober 1944 Berlin 1944 S 51 Miller Michael 2006 Leaders of the SS and German Police Vol 1 R James Bender Publishing p 155 ISBN 978 93 297 0037 2 Affidavit Karl Freiherr Michel von Tuessling page 3 4 Harvard Law School Retrieved 2016 11 03 Stephanie von Pfuel Wenn schon denn schon Autobiografie LangenMuller Munchen 2007 S 167 Elward Ronald 2004 02 24 BOHLEN UND HALBACH The Heirs of Europe Retrieved 2016 09 15 Burgermeisterin Marktgemeinde Tussling Marktgemeinde Tussling in German 2019 04 04 Retrieved 2019 05 16 Stephanie von Pfuel Official Homepage Biografie Stephanie von Pfuel in German Archived from the original on 2016 08 24 Retrieved 2016 09 17 The killer countess The dark past of Baron Heinrich Thyssen s daughter Independent co uk 6 October 2007 The killer countess The dark past of Baron Heinrich Thyssen s The Independent 2007 10 07 Retrieved 2018 05 04 BOHLEN UND HALBACH The Heirs of Europe in Breton 2004 02 24 Retrieved 2018 04 08 External links editUnited States Holocaust Memorial Museum The numbers of members of the SS 56074 Karl Michel Frhr von Tuessling United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Euthanasia programme Harvard Law School Library Nuremberg Trials Project Portal nbsp Biography Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Karl Freiherr Michel von Tussling amp oldid 1206919976, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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