She came from the village of Chilgol and raised Kim on a small farm in Mangyongdae, both near Pyongyang. She accepted, but rarely participated in her husband's pro-independence activism. After the family fled to Manchuria to avoid arrest, she did not return to Korea. 21 April is a day of memorial for her in North Korea, when a wreath-laying ceremony is held at Chilgol Revolutionary Site.
Legacy
In North Korea, Kang Pan-sŏk is referred to as the "Mother of Korea" or "Great Mother of Korea". Both titles are shared with Kim Jong-il's mother Kim Jong-suk.[2][3][4] However, it was Kang Pan-sŏk who was the first family member of Kim Il-sung to have a cult of personality of her own to supplement that of her son, from the late 1960s onwards. In 1967, Rodong Sinmun praised her as the "mother of all". The same year, the Democratic Women's League initiated a campaign called "Learning from Madame Kang Pan-sŏk". There is a song by the name of "Mother of Korea" in her honor,[5] as well as a hagiographic biography, also called The Mother of Korea (1968).[6]
^To keep the tree of manageable size, it omits five out of the eight known children of Kim Il-sung. Other children not shown in the tree include: Kim Man-il, Kim Kyong-jin, Kim Yong-il, Kim Hyŏn-nam, and Kim Yŏng-il
^Korean names often have a variety of transliterations into English, which can be confusing. For example, "Kim Jong-chul" may also be written "Gim Jeong-cheol" or "Kim Jŏng-ch'ŏl" among many other variations. See Korean romanization for more information.
^Huss, Kan; Frost, Clay. "North Korea's First Family: Mapping the personal and political drama of the Kim clan". msnbc.com. Retrieved 20 January 2013. (Confirms many, but not all, of the birth and death years. See individual articles for more references.)
^Yan, Holly (16 February 2017). "The world's most mysterious family tree: Kim Jong Un's secretive dynasty is full of drama, death". Design by Alberto Mier. CNN. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong-il list his birth year as 1942. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1942 (Year of the Horse), in addition to being 30 years since Kim Il-Sung's birth may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.
^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong-un list his birth year as 1982. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1982 (Year of the Dog), in addition to being 70 years since Kim Il-Sung's birth, may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.
^Birth year for Kim Ju-ae is not publicly known. She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013.
^"NORTH KOREA THIS WEEK NO. 468". Yonhap News Agency. 4 October 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
^Armstrong, Charles K. (December 2005). "Familism, Socialism and Political Religion in North Korea". Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions. 6 (3): 390. doi:10.1080/14690760500317743. S2CID 145497407.
^David-West, Alzo (2011). "Archetypal Themes in North Korean Literature". Jung Journal: Culture & Psyche. 5 (1): 73. doi:10.1525/jung.2011.5.1.65. S2CID 141771402.
^Ken E. Gause (31 August 2011). North Korea Under Kim Chong-il: Power, Politics, and Prospects for Change. ABC-CLIO. p. 63. ISBN978-0-313-38175-1.
^Jae-Cheon Lim (24 March 2015). Leader Symbols and Personality Cult in North Korea: The Leader State. Routledge. pp. 24–25. ISBN978-1-317-56741-7.
^Kim, Suk-Yong (2011). "Dressed to Kill: Women's Fashion and Body Politics in North Korean Visual Media (1960s – 1970s)". Positions. 19 (1): 173. doi:10.1215/10679847-2010-028. S2CID 145149501.
^Evans, Stephen (3 August 2015). "North Korea and Christianity - uneasy bedfellows". BBC. London. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
kang, this, korean, name, family, name, kang, kang, sŏk, korean, 강반석, april, 1892, july, 1932, mother, north, korean, leader, sung, 강반석born, 1892, april, 1892mangyongdae, joseondied31, july, 1932, 1932, aged, jilin, republic, chinaspousekim, hyong, jikchildren. In this Korean name the family name is Kang Kang Pan sŏk Korean 강반석 21 April 1892 31 July 1932 was the mother of North Korean leader Kim Il sung 1 Kang Pan sok강반석Born 1892 04 21 21 April 1892Mangyongdae JoseonDied31 July 1932 1932 07 31 aged 40 Jilin Republic of ChinaSpouseKim Hyong jikChildrenKim Il sungKim Chol juKim Yong juBirth nameChosŏn gŭl강반석Hancha康盤石Revised RomanizationGang Ban seokMcCune ReischauerKang Pan sŏk Contents 1 Biography 2 Legacy 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksBiography EditShe came from the village of Chilgol and raised Kim on a small farm in Mangyongdae both near Pyongyang She accepted but rarely participated in her husband s pro independence activism After the family fled to Manchuria to avoid arrest she did not return to Korea 21 April is a day of memorial for her in North Korea when a wreath laying ceremony is held at Chilgol Revolutionary Site Legacy EditIn North Korea Kang Pan sŏk is referred to as the Mother of Korea or Great Mother of Korea Both titles are shared with Kim Jong il s mother Kim Jong suk 2 3 4 However it was Kang Pan sŏk who was the first family member of Kim Il sung to have a cult of personality of her own to supplement that of her son from the late 1960s onwards In 1967 Rodong Sinmun praised her as the mother of all The same year the Democratic Women s League initiated a campaign called Learning from Madame Kang Pan sŏk There is a song by the name of Mother of Korea in her honor 5 as well as a hagiographic biography also called The Mother of Korea 1968 6 The Protestant Chilgol Church in Pyongyang is dedicated to the memory of Kang Pan sok who was a Presbyterian Her name meant rock having been named for Saint Peter 7 vteSelect a family tree of North Korea s ruling Kim family b g d Kim Bo hyon1871 1955Kim Hyong jik1894 1926Kang Pan sok1892 1932Kim Jong suk1917 1949 Kim Il sung1912 1994Kim Song ae1924 2014Kim Yong ju1920 2021Kim Young sook1947 Song Hye rim1937 2002 Kim Jong il1941 e 2011Ko Yong hui1952 2004Kim Ok1964 Kim Kyong hui1946 Jang Song thaek1946 2013Kim Pyong il1954 Kim Sol song1974 Kim Jong nam1971 2017Kim Jong chul1981 Kim Jong un1983 z Ri Sol juc 1986 Kim Yo jong1987 Kim Han sol1995 Kim Ju aec 2012 h Notes To keep the tree of manageable size it omits five out of the eight known children of Kim Il sung Other children not shown in the tree include Kim Man il Kim Kyong jin Kim Yong il Kim Hyŏn nam and Kim Yŏng il Korean names often have a variety of transliterations into English which can be confusing For example Kim Jong chul may also be written Gim Jeong cheol or Kim Jŏng ch ŏl among many other variations See Korean romanization for more information Huss Kan Frost Clay North Korea s First Family Mapping the personal and political drama of the Kim clan msnbc com Retrieved 20 January 2013 Confirms many but not all of the birth and death years See individual articles for more references Yan Holly 16 February 2017 The world s most mysterious family tree Kim Jong Un s secretive dynasty is full of drama death Design by Alberto Mier CNN Retrieved 16 February 2017 Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong il list his birth year as 1942 The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one s personality The year 1942 Year of the Horse in addition to being 30 years since Kim Il Sung s birth may be viewed as a better year than others thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong un list his birth year as 1982 The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one s personality The year 1982 Year of the Dog in addition to being 70 years since Kim Il Sung s birth may be viewed as a better year than others thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year Birth year for Kim Ju ae is not publicly known She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013 References Edit Biography portal NORTH KOREA THIS WEEK NO 468 Yonhap News Agency 4 October 2007 Retrieved 30 April 2020 Armstrong Charles K December 2005 Familism Socialism and Political Religion in North Korea Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 6 3 390 doi 10 1080 14690760500317743 S2CID 145497407 David West Alzo 2011 Archetypal Themes in North Korean Literature Jung Journal Culture amp Psyche 5 1 73 doi 10 1525 jung 2011 5 1 65 S2CID 141771402 Ken E Gause 31 August 2011 North Korea Under Kim Chong il Power Politics and Prospects for Change ABC CLIO p 63 ISBN 978 0 313 38175 1 Jae Cheon Lim 24 March 2015 Leader Symbols and Personality Cult in North Korea The Leader State Routledge pp 24 25 ISBN 978 1 317 56741 7 Kim Suk Yong 2011 Dressed to Kill Women s Fashion and Body Politics in North Korean Visual Media 1960s 1970s Positions 19 1 173 doi 10 1215 10679847 2010 028 S2CID 145149501 Evans Stephen 3 August 2015 North Korea and Christianity uneasy bedfellows BBC London Retrieved 3 August 2015 Further reading EditThe Mother of Korea Pyongyang Foreign Languages Publishing House 1978 OCLC 6695920 Mrs Kang Ban Sok mother of the great leader of Korea Pyongyang Central Committee of the Korean Democratic Women s Union 1968 OCLC 11370735 External links EditChilgol Revolutionary Site picture album Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine at Naenara Chilgol Revolutionary Site video Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine at Naenara This biographical article about a Korean activist is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kang Pan sok amp oldid 1125921735, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
