The Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant (French: "Croix du combattant volontaire de la Résistance") is a French decoration that recognizes, as its name implies, those who fought in one of the resistance groups, or who were deported or interned for acts of resistance, or who were killed or injured while taking parts in acts of resistance against the German occupation forces during World War II. This award was created by a special law in 1954[1] and awarded to those who had been designated and issued cards certifying them as voluntary resistance fighters.[2]
Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant
Obverse of the Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant
The Croix du combattant volontaire de la Résistance was created to honour those who voluntarily participated in acts of resistance, or by participating with a recognized resistance group, during which they put their lives at risk. It was issued to all cardholders of voluntary resistance fighter created in 1949,[2] which itself is obtained using the following criteria:
Holders of the a card Resistant-Deported or Interned-Resistant.[2]
Those executed, killed or injured in an act of resistance.[2]
Those who were members of a resistance group, recognized as a fighting unit and who actually fought at least 90 days in the French Forces Combattantes (FFC) or French Forces of the Interior ( FFI) or the French Resistance Interior (RFI).[2]
The people who have belonged for 90 days before June 6, 1944, the FFC, FFI, or RFI in an area occupied by the enemy, and have affidavits from two persons well known for their activity in the French Resistance.[2]
The Croix du Combattant Volontaire de la Résistance is not considered a war decoration, but is taken into account when reviewing applications for, firstly, the Croix du combattant volontaire 1939–1945 and secondly, the rank of Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur (for quotas reserved for former resistance fighters).[2]
A 1989 law removed all previously enacted time constraints for application of the status of resistance volunteer combatant.[3]
Award description
The Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant, a design of engraver Frédéric de Vernon, is a 36 mm wide cross pattée made of gilt bronze. On the obverse, over the central medallion of the cross, a relief Cross of Lorraine overflowing onto the four cross arms which are covered in laurel leaves. On the reverse, the relief inscription on three lines on the central medallion COMBATTANT VOLONTAIRE RÉSISTANCE.[4]
The cross is suspended by a ring through a suspension loop which is an integral part of the top of the upper cross arm. It hangs from a 36 mm wide black silk moiré ribbon with 5 mm wide red vertical edge stripes, it is further divided by four vertical 1 mm wide green stripes, two at centre spaced 2 mm apart and one on each side 2 mm from the red edge stripes.[4]
^"Law of the French Republic of 15 April 1954 n° 54-421" (in French). LégiFrance. 16 April 1954. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
^ abcdefg"Law of the French Republic of 25 March 1949 n° 49-418" (in French). LégiFrance. 26 March 1949. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
^"Law of the French Republic of 10 May 1989 n° 89-295" (in French). LégiFrance. 12 May 1989. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
^ ab"Order of the Minister for Veterans Affairs of the French Republic of 20 January 1955 n° 49-418" (in French). France Phaléristique. 26 March 1949. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
January 15, 2023
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The Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant French Croix du combattant volontaire de la Resistance is a French decoration that recognizes as its name implies those who fought in one of the resistance groups or who were deported or interned for acts of resistance or who were killed or injured while taking parts in acts of resistance against the German occupation forces during World War II This award was created by a special law in 1954 1 and awarded to those who had been designated and issued cards certifying them as voluntary resistance fighters 2 Cross of the Resistance Volunteer CombatantObverse of the Cross of the Resistance Volunteer CombatantTypeService crossAwarded forVolunteers for the Resistance during World War IIPresented by FranceStatusNo longer awardedEstablished4 February 1953Ribbon of the Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant InfoboxPrecedenceNext higher Volunteer combatant s crossNext lower Aeronautical MedalResistance leader Roger Taillefer a recipient of the Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant Resistance fighter Paul Riviere a recipient of the Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant Contents 1 Award statute 2 Award description 3 Notable recipients partial list 4 See also 5 External links 6 ReferencesAward statute EditThe Croix du combattant volontaire de la Resistance was created to honour those who voluntarily participated in acts of resistance or by participating with a recognized resistance group during which they put their lives at risk It was issued to all cardholders of voluntary resistance fighter created in 1949 2 which itself is obtained using the following criteria Holders of the a card Resistant Deported or Interned Resistant 2 Those executed killed or injured in an act of resistance 2 Those who were members of a resistance group recognized as a fighting unit and who actually fought at least 90 days in the French Forces Combattantes FFC or French Forces of the Interior FFI or the French Resistance Interior RFI 2 The people who have belonged for 90 days before June 6 1944 the FFC FFI or RFI in an area occupied by the enemy and have affidavits from two persons well known for their activity in the French Resistance 2 The Croix du Combattant Volontaire de la Resistance is not considered a war decoration but is taken into account when reviewing applications for firstly the Croix du combattant volontaire 1939 1945 and secondly the rank of Chevalier of the Legion d honneur for quotas reserved for former resistance fighters 2 A 1989 law removed all previously enacted time constraints for application of the status of resistance volunteer combatant 3 Award description EditThe Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant a design of engraver Frederic de Vernon is a 36 mm wide cross pattee made of gilt bronze On the obverse over the central medallion of the cross a relief Cross of Lorraine overflowing onto the four cross arms which are covered in laurel leaves On the reverse the relief inscription on three lines on the central medallion COMBATTANT VOLONTAIRE RESISTANCE 4 The cross is suspended by a ring through a suspension loop which is an integral part of the top of the upper cross arm It hangs from a 36 mm wide black silk moire ribbon with 5 mm wide red vertical edge stripes it is further divided by four vertical 1 mm wide green stripes two at centre spaced 2 mm apart and one on each side 2 mm from the red edge stripes 4 Notable recipients partial list EditResistance fighter Paul Riviere Resistance leader captain Andre Girard Resistance leader Maxime Blocq Mascart Resistance fighter Leon Weil Resistance leader Andree Peel Lieutenant colonel Marius Guyot Resistance fighter Rene Martin Master corporal Andre Verrier Resistance fighter Georges Toupet Father Maurice Cordier Resistance fighter Paul Gosset Junior lieutenant Louis Cortot Resistance fighter Rene Renard Film maker resistance fighter Jean Devaivre Jewish resistance fighter Yvette Levy Resistance fighter Henri Gallet Resistance fighter Georges Caussanel Resistance leader Roger Taillefer Resistance fighter Didier Eloy Major Yves de Daruvar Resistance fighter Helene Berthaud Hilaire du BerrierSee also EditFrench Resistance Battle of France Free France Liberation of Paris Ribbons of the French military and civil awards France portal War portal World War II portalExternal links EditMuseum of the Legion of Honour in French References Edit Law of the French Republic of 15 April 1954 n 54 421 in French LegiFrance 16 April 1954 Retrieved 2016 12 26 a b c d e f g Law of the French Republic of 25 March 1949 n 49 418 in French LegiFrance 26 March 1949 Retrieved 2016 12 26 Law of the French Republic of 10 May 1989 n 89 295 in French LegiFrance 12 May 1989 Retrieved 2016 12 26 a b Order of the Minister for Veterans Affairs of the French Republic of 20 January 1955 n 49 418 in French France Phaleristique 26 March 1949 Retrieved 2016 12 26 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant amp oldid 1049235481, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
