In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Pérez and the second or maternal family name is Hernández.
Juan José Pérez Hernández (born Joan Perés[1] c. 1725 – November 3, 1775), often simply Juan Pérez, was an 18th-century Spanish explorer. He was the first known European to sight, examine, name, and record the islands near present-day British Columbia, Canada. Born in Palma de Mallorca, Spain, he first served as a piloto in western Spanish colonial North America on Manila galleons en route to and from the Philippines in the Spanish East Indies. In 1768, he was assigned to the Pacific port of San Blas, in the Viceroyalty of New Spain (present day Mexico), and acquired the rank of ensign (alférez).
Confident of their territorial claims, the Spanish Empire did not explore or settle the northwest coast of North America in the 250 years after being claimed for the crown by Vasco Núñez de Balboa. By the late 18th century; however, learning of Russian and British arrivals along the Pacific Northwest and Alaskan coasts, Spain finally grew sufficiently concerned about their claims to the region and set out to discover the extent of any colonial Russian and British encroachment.
In early 1774, the Viceroy of New Spain, Antonio María Bucareli y Ursúa, commanded Pérez to explore the Pacific coast with the objective of reaching 60° north latitude (about the latitude of present-day Cordova, Alaska) to discover possible Russian America and British settlements and to re-assert the long-standing Spanish claim to the Pacific Northwest. Rumors of Russian fur traders caused the Spanish to send the frigate Santiago north under the command of Pérez, with a crew mostly from New Spain.[2][3] Pérez was given explicit instructions to treat all indigenous peoples with respect, and to establish friendly relations with any encountered.[4]
In July 1774, he reached 54°40' north latitude, just off the northwestern tip of Langara Island, one of the islands of Haida Gwaii. There he had an interaction with a group of Haida natives, but he did not go ashore. Due to a lack of provisions and the poor health of his crew, Pérez turned south at this point despite the viceroy's orders to attain 60° north. He reached Nootka Sound on August 7, 1774 (at about 49.6° north latitude), part of today's Vancouver Island and had an extended set of interactions with the indigenous population, including the first trade of trade goods. Again, he did not go ashore, this time because of bad weather that almost ran his ship aground.
Pérez was accompanied by Fray Juan Crespí and his assistant Fray Tomas de la Pena Y Saravia.[4] Pérez gave the name of Cerro Nevado de Santa Rosalía ("Snowy Peak of Saint Rosalia") to present day Mount Olympus in the U.S. state of Washington.[4]
Pérez continued south to the Presidio of Monterey, Las Californias, which he reached on August 28, 1774. After a brief stay, he continued on to reach San Blas on November 5, 1774, thus completing his expedition.
^Geographical Society of the Pacific (1907). Transactions and Proceedings of the Geographical Society of the Pacific, Volume 4. San Francisco. p. 65. OCLC 15737543.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Rodríguez Sala, María Luisa (2006). De San Blas Hasta la Alta California: Los Viajes y Diarios de Juan Joseph Pérez Hernández (in Spanish). Universidad Autónoma de México. p. 35. ISBN978-970-32-3474-5.
Chapman, Charles Edward (1916). The Founding of Spanish California: The Northwestward Expansion of New Spain, 1687-1783. Macmillan. pp. 217–255. ISBN9781404763388.
Cook, Warren L. (1973). Flood Tide of Empire, Spain and the Pacific Northwest, 1543-1819. Yale University Press.
Cook, Warren L. (1979). "Pérez Hernández, Juan Josef". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
Sanchez, Antonio (2004). "Spanish Exploration: Juan Perez Expedition of 1774". HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History.
Servin, Manuel P.; Ursúa, Antonio María Bucareli y (1961). "The Instructions of Viceroy Bucareli to Ensign Juan Perez". California Historical Society Quarterly. 40 (3): 237–248. doi:10.2307/25155405. ISSN 0008-1175. JSTOR 25155405.
February 16, 2024
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In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Perez and the second or maternal family name is Hernandez Juan Jose Perez Hernandez born Joan Peres 1 c 1725 November 3 1775 often simply Juan Perez was an 18th century Spanish explorer He was the first known European to sight examine name and record the islands near present day British Columbia Canada Born in Palma de Mallorca Spain he first served as a piloto in western Spanish colonial North America on Manila galleons en route to and from the Philippines in the Spanish East Indies In 1768 he was assigned to the Pacific port of San Blas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain present day Mexico and acquired the rank of ensign alferez Contents 1 1774 expedition 2 1775 expedition 3 Legacy 4 See also 5 Notes 6 Further reading1774 expedition editConfident of their territorial claims the Spanish Empire did not explore or settle the northwest coast of North America in the 250 years after being claimed for the crown by Vasco Nunez de Balboa By the late 18th century however learning of Russian and British arrivals along the Pacific Northwest and Alaskan coasts Spain finally grew sufficiently concerned about their claims to the region and set out to discover the extent of any colonial Russian and British encroachment In early 1774 the Viceroy of New Spain Antonio Maria Bucareli y Ursua commanded Perez to explore the Pacific coast with the objective of reaching 60 north latitude about the latitude of present day Cordova Alaska to discover possible Russian America and British settlements and to re assert the long standing Spanish claim to the Pacific Northwest Rumors of Russian fur traders caused the Spanish to send the frigate Santiago north under the command of Perez with a crew mostly from New Spain 2 3 Perez was given explicit instructions to treat all indigenous peoples with respect and to establish friendly relations with any encountered 4 In July 1774 he reached 54 40 north latitude just off the northwestern tip of Langara Island one of the islands of Haida Gwaii There he had an interaction with a group of Haida natives but he did not go ashore Due to a lack of provisions and the poor health of his crew Perez turned south at this point despite the viceroy s orders to attain 60 north He reached Nootka Sound on August 7 1774 at about 49 6 north latitude part of today s Vancouver Island and had an extended set of interactions with the indigenous population including the first trade of trade goods Again he did not go ashore this time because of bad weather that almost ran his ship aground Perez was accompanied by Fray Juan Crespi and his assistant Fray Tomas de la Pena Y Saravia 4 Perez gave the name of Cerro Nevado de Santa Rosalia Snowy Peak of Saint Rosalia to present day Mount Olympus in the U S state of Washington 4 Perez continued south to the Presidio of Monterey Las Californias which he reached on August 28 1774 After a brief stay he continued on to reach San Blas on November 5 1774 thus completing his expedition 1775 expedition editIn 1775 a second expedition under Bruno de Heceta and Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra was organized Perez participated as piloto of Heceta s ship the Santiago Perez died on the return journey on November 3 1775 between Monterey California and San Blas Legacy editJuan Perez Sound off the east coast of Moresby Island of Haida Gwaii is named for him See also editSpanish expeditions to the Pacific NorthwestNotes edit Catalan Encyclopaedia Geographical Society of the Pacific 1907 Transactions and Proceedings of the Geographical Society of the Pacific Volume 4 San Francisco p 65 OCLC 15737543 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Rodriguez Sala Maria Luisa 2006 De San Blas Hasta la Alta California Los Viajes y Diarios de Juan Joseph Perez Hernandez in Spanish Universidad Autonoma de Mexico p 35 ISBN 978 970 32 3474 5 a b c Sanchez 2004Further reading editChapman Charles Edward 1916 The Founding of Spanish California The Northwestward Expansion of New Spain 1687 1783 Macmillan pp 217 255 ISBN 9781404763388 Cook Warren L 1973 Flood Tide of Empire Spain and the Pacific Northwest 1543 1819 Yale University Press Cook Warren L 1979 Perez Hernandez Juan Josef In Halpenny Francess G ed Dictionary of Canadian Biography Vol IV 1771 1800 online ed University of Toronto Press Sanchez Antonio 2004 Spanish Exploration Juan Perez Expedition of 1774 HistoryLink org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History Servin Manuel P Ursua Antonio Maria Bucareli y 1961 The Instructions of Viceroy Bucareli to Ensign Juan Perez California Historical Society Quarterly 40 3 237 248 doi 10 2307 25155405 ISSN 0008 1175 JSTOR 25155405 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Juan Jose Perez Hernandez amp oldid 1180098276, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
