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Joseph Reed (architect)

November 28, 2023

Joseph Reed (c. 1823–1890), a Cornishman by birth, was a prolific and influential Victorian era architect in Melbourne, Australia.[1] He established his practice in 1853, which through various partnerships and name changes, continues today as Bates Smart, one of the oldest firms continually operating in Australia.

Joseph Reed
Born1823
Cornwall, England
Died29 April 1890 (aged c.67)
Melbourne, Victoria
NationalityBritish
OccupationArchitect
BuildingsState Library of Victoria, St Michael's Uniting Church
ProjectsRoyal Exhibition Building
The Royal Exhibition Building, Carlton

Biography edit

Born in 1823 in Cornwall, England, Joseph Reed's early career may have included some local training, and he is known to have worked in the offices of some noted architects in London.[2] He decided to start a new career at the age of 30 in Australia, arriving in Melbourne in 1853, and very soon made a name for himself. The next year he won the design competition for the State Library of Victoria, the Geelong City Hall in 1855, and designed the Bank of New South Wales in Collins Street in 1856.[3]

 
Rippon Lea Estate, 1868, Elsternwick, Victoria

In 1859, botanist F.Muell. published Reedia, a genus of flowering plants from south-western Australia, belonging to the family Cyperaceae and was named in Joseph Reed's honour.[4]

In 1862 he partnered with Frederick Barnes (1824–1884).[3]

In 1883 Barnes retired from the partnership and Reed was joined by A.M. Henderson and F.J. Smart. In 1890 Henderson withdrew while N.B. Tappin joined the firm, and Reed himself died. The office later became Bates, Peebles & Smart.[3]

Later in life, Reed met and married Hannah Elliot Lane on the 26 March 1885. They had no children.[3]

In the late 1880s Reed had come into financial difficulties through land speculation, which is said to have affected his health such that he died of 'inanition and exhaustion' on 29 April 1890.[3]

Architectural expression edit

 
State Library of Victoria, Swanston Street, Melbourne

Reed's buildings represent an impressive body of work, in a range of then popular styles, each one a fine essay in the chosen idiom. He could design in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Baroque, French Second Empire, Romanesque and Queen Anne, and of course as typical for 19th century architects, designs that blended more than one historical style.

Following a visit to Europe in 1863 he experienced first hand the late medieval brick architecture of Lombardy, the source for the bold polychrome brick Gothic Revival already popular in England, which he soon expressed in his designs for the Independent Church on Collins Street, St Jude's in Carlton, and Frederick T. Sargood's Rippon Lea Estate at Elsternwick. These works were the first expression of polychrome brick medieval Italian in Victoria, which by the 1880s had gained enormous popularity.

 
Geelong City Hall, 1855

Major works include the classical State Library of Victoria (1856), Collins Street Independent Church (1867), Frederick Sargood's Rippon Lea Estate (1868) and Melbourne Trades Hall (1873). In contrast to the polychrome Romanesque of Rippon Lea and the Independent Church is the stern Gothic manner of Scots' Church (1871-4) across the road; the energetic spire was for the last decades of the nineteenth century Melbourne's tallest structure. The Trades Hall is grandly palatial, the world's oldest and probably most splendid trades hall. In the fashionable Second Empire style Reed also designed Melbourne Town Hall (1870) while the World Heritage-listed Royal Exhibition Building, completed for the 1880 International Exposition in Melbourne is Italianate with a Florentine dome. Reed completed the building of St Paul's Anglican Cathedral to the designs of William Butterfield after that architect resigned the project in 1884. Reed was faithful to the original design, but provided most of the furnishings, including the elaborate pulpit, and the attached Chapter House in matching style.

Recognition edit

The Victorian Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects recognises Reed's contribution to Melbourne and the architecture profession with the annually awarded Joseph Reed Urban Design Award.

List of works edit

Gallery edit

  •  

    Former Bank of New South Wales. Transplanted from Collins Street to the University of Melbourne Union Lawn

  •  

    Collins Street Baptist Church

  •  

    Melbourne Trades Hall, Carlton

  •  

    The Scots' Church. Collins Street, Melbourne.

  •  

    157 Hotham Street, East Melbourne.

  •  

    Melbourne Town Hall, Collins Street

  •  

    St Paul's Cathedral, Flinders Street

  •  

    Wesley Church, Melbourne

  •  

    Eildon Mansion

  •  

    Ormond College Clock Tower, University of Melbourne

  •  

    Holy Trinity Church, St Kilda

  •  

    Sacred Heart Church, St Kilda

  •  

    Lombard Building

  •  

    Redcourt Estate, Armadale

References edit

  1. ^ Dunstan, David: "Joseph Reed: A city’s greatest architect", in Australian Heritage, Autumn 2010
  2. ^ Bates Smart, 150 Years Of Australian Architecture. Melbourne: Bates Smart. 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d e Saunders, David. "Reed, Joseph (1823? - 1890)". Australian Dictionary of Biography Online. Australian National University. Retrieved 23 September 2012.
  4. ^ "Reedia F.Muell. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

External links edit

November 28, 2023
joseph, reed, architect, joseph, reed, 1823, 1890, cornishman, birth, prolific, influential, victorian, architect, melbourne, australia, established, practice, 1853, which, through, various, partnerships, name, changes, continues, today, bates, smart, oldest, . Joseph Reed c 1823 1890 a Cornishman by birth was a prolific and influential Victorian era architect in Melbourne Australia 1 He established his practice in 1853 which through various partnerships and name changes continues today as Bates Smart one of the oldest firms continually operating in Australia Joseph ReedBorn1823Cornwall EnglandDied29 April 1890 aged c 67 Melbourne VictoriaNationalityBritishOccupationArchitectBuildingsState Library of Victoria St Michael s Uniting ChurchProjectsRoyal Exhibition Building The Royal Exhibition Building CarltonContents 1 Biography 2 Architectural expression 3 Recognition 4 List of works 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksBiography editBorn in 1823 in Cornwall England Joseph Reed s early career may have included some local training and he is known to have worked in the offices of some noted architects in London 2 He decided to start a new career at the age of 30 in Australia arriving in Melbourne in 1853 and very soon made a name for himself The next year he won the design competition for the State Library of Victoria the Geelong City Hall in 1855 and designed the Bank of New South Wales in Collins Street in 1856 3 nbsp Rippon Lea Estate 1868 Elsternwick VictoriaIn 1859 botanist F Muell published Reedia a genus of flowering plants from south western Australia belonging to the family Cyperaceae and was named in Joseph Reed s honour 4 In 1862 he partnered with Frederick Barnes 1824 1884 3 In 1883 Barnes retired from the partnership and Reed was joined by A M Henderson and F J Smart In 1890 Henderson withdrew while N B Tappin joined the firm and Reed himself died The office later became Bates Peebles amp Smart 3 Later in life Reed met and married Hannah Elliot Lane on the 26 March 1885 They had no children 3 In the late 1880s Reed had come into financial difficulties through land speculation which is said to have affected his health such that he died of inanition and exhaustion on 29 April 1890 3 Architectural expression edit nbsp State Library of Victoria Swanston Street MelbourneReed s buildings represent an impressive body of work in a range of then popular styles each one a fine essay in the chosen idiom He could design in Neoclassical Renaissance Revival Gothic Revival Italianate Baroque French Second Empire Romanesque and Queen Anne and of course as typical for 19th century architects designs that blended more than one historical style Following a visit to Europe in 1863 he experienced first hand the late medieval brick architecture of Lombardy the source for the bold polychrome brick Gothic Revival already popular in England which he soon expressed in his designs for the Independent Church on Collins Street St Jude s in Carlton and Frederick T Sargood s Rippon Lea Estate at Elsternwick These works were the first expression of polychrome brick medieval Italian in Victoria which by the 1880s had gained enormous popularity nbsp Geelong City Hall 1855Major works include the classical State Library of Victoria 1856 Collins Street Independent Church 1867 Frederick Sargood s Rippon Lea Estate 1868 and Melbourne Trades Hall 1873 In contrast to the polychrome Romanesque of Rippon Lea and the Independent Church is the stern Gothic manner of Scots Church 1871 4 across the road the energetic spire was for the last decades of the nineteenth century Melbourne s tallest structure The Trades Hall is grandly palatial the world s oldest and probably most splendid trades hall In the fashionable Second Empire style Reed also designed Melbourne Town Hall 1870 while the World Heritage listed Royal Exhibition Building completed for the 1880 International Exposition in Melbourne is Italianate with a Florentine dome Reed completed the building of St Paul s Anglican Cathedral to the designs of William Butterfield after that architect resigned the project in 1884 Reed was faithful to the original design but provided most of the furnishings including the elaborate pulpit and the attached Chapter House in matching style Recognition editThe Victorian Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects recognises Reed s contribution to Melbourne and the architecture profession with the annually awarded Joseph Reed Urban Design Award List of works editState Library of Victoria designed 1854 built in many stages Collins Street Baptist Church 1854 Geelong City Hall 1855 Bank of New South Wales Collins St 1856 facade relocated to Melbourne University 1935 Wesley Church 1857 182 186 George Street East Melbourne 1857 Royal Society Buildings 1858 157 Hotham Street East Melbourne 1861 attributed Commercial Banking Company of Sydney 1862 demolished 1956 Beleura House designed for James Butchart in 1863 Mornington Independent Church 1866 Rippon Lea Estate 1868 The Menzies Hotel 1867 demolished 1970 Melbourne Town Hall 1869 Carlton Methodist Mission now Church of All Nations Palmerston St Carlton 1870 Melbourne Trades Hall 1873 Scots Church 1873 Bank of Australasia later ANZ Collins Street 1876 Faraday Street School Carlton 1876 Academy of Music Bourke St East 1876 Renamed Bijou Theatre 1880 Burnt down 1889 Eildon Mansion St Kilda 1877 Eastern Market 1877 Reed amp Barnes demolished c1960 Wilson Hall Melbourne University destroyed by fire in 1952 Royal Exhibition Building 1879 Ormond College Melbourne University 1881 Holy Trinity Church East St Kilda 1882 1889 Old Pathology Building Melbourne University 1885 Sacred Heart Church St Kilda 1884 Appointed supervising architect to St Paul s Cathedral Melbourne 1884 1890 Lombard Building 15 17 Queen Street 1887 Baldwin Spencer Building Melbourne University 1887 Old Physics Conference Room and Gallery Melbourne University 1888 Chapter House St Paul s Cathedral Melbourne 1889 Redcourt Estate Armadale 1888 Gallery edit nbsp Former Bank of New South Wales Transplanted from Collins Street to the University of Melbourne Union Lawn nbsp Collins Street Baptist Church nbsp Melbourne Trades Hall Carlton nbsp The Scots Church Collins Street Melbourne nbsp 157 Hotham Street East Melbourne nbsp Melbourne Town Hall Collins Street nbsp St Paul s Cathedral Flinders Street nbsp Wesley Church Melbourne nbsp Eildon Mansion nbsp Ormond College Clock Tower University of Melbourne nbsp Holy Trinity Church St Kilda nbsp Sacred Heart Church St Kilda nbsp Lombard Building nbsp Redcourt Estate ArmadaleReferences edit Dunstan David Joseph Reed A city s greatest architect in Australian Heritage Autumn 2010 Bates Smart 150 Years Of Australian Architecture Melbourne Bates Smart 2014 Retrieved 23 February 2018 a b c d e Saunders David Reed Joseph 1823 1890 Australian Dictionary of Biography Online Australian National University Retrieved 23 September 2012 Reedia F Muell Plants of the World Online Kew Science Plants of the World Online Retrieved 20 May 2021 External links editSaunders David Reed Joseph 1823 1890 Australian Dictionary of Biography Online Australian National University Retrieved 16 January 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joseph Reed architect amp oldid 1169398005, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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