Reichardt was born in Königsberg, East Prussia, to lutenist and Stadtmusiker Johann Reichardt (1720–1780). Johann Friedrich began his musical training, in violin, keyboard, and lute, as a child. He was a student of Timofey Belogradsky, who in turn was a student of Sylvius Leopold Weiss. When Reichardt was ten years old, his father took the choir in which he sang, the "Wunderknaben", on a concert tour in East Prussia.
After being encouraged by Immanuel Kant, Reichardt later studied Jurisprudence and Philosophy in his hometown and in Leipzig from 1769 to 1771. In 1771, he escaped civil service by embarking on a Sturm-und-Drang tour as a virtuoso. He returned to Königsberg in 1774 and became the Kammersekretär (Chamber Secretary) in Ragnit. After Reichardt sent his opera Le feste galanti as a sample piece to Friedrich II, he was appointed to the position of the Royal Prussian Court Kapellmeister, a position previously held by Carl Heinrich Graun.
Two years later, he already withdrew from the job and married the singer, pianist and Lieder composer Juliane Benda, a daughter of Frantisek Benda. Of their progeny was one daughter, Louise Reichardt (11 April 1779, Berlin – 17 November 1826, Hamburg), who became a noted songwriter, and a son, Wilhelm (1777–1782).
Further attempts to gain new ground in Paris failed, yet he had become zealous with revolutionary ideas. After the appearance of his Vertrauten Briefe (Intimate Letters) in 1792, he was released in 1794 without pay from his position as Court Kapellmeister for being sympathetic to the French Revolution. He lived first in Hamburg, where he released the journal Frankreich, but from 1794, he lived in Giebichenstein near Halle. In 1796, he was pardoned for his support of the revolution and appointed to the post of the director of the saline (salt mine) in Halle. From there, he often traveled to Berlin to lead the premieres of his compositions.
Another trip to Paris in 1802 lessened his fascination for the French and French politics considerably: he became an opponent of Napoleon. Four years later, when his manor was plundered by French troops, he fled to Danzig where he was active as a patriot and freedom fighter. Napoleon's brother Jérôme, located in Kassel, allowed Reichardt to return and named him to Theater Director in 1807. This lasted only nine months. In November 1809, he traveled to Vienna looking for success. After experiencing the music of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, he became receptive to the Viennese Classic, although he was too late. However, he soon returned to Giebichenstein where he died alone, from a gastric illness. His stage works were quickly forgotten after his death but his strophic Lieder and Ballads im Volkston (in folk style) enjoyed considerable popularity beyond the 19th century, aided by the Wandervogel movement.
Works
Much of Reichardt's reputation as a composer rests on his Lieder that number about 1500, using texts by some 125 poets. Important among these are the settings of Goethe's texts, some of which were known to, and influenced, Schubert. He was also known by his Singspiele, a genre that he refined with Goethe's support. He also wrote 49 songs to Herder's texts. Aside from his music, his work as an essayist has maintained its value up to this day. The collection of poems Des Knaben Wunderhorn is, in the epilogue, dedicated to Reichardt. This was probably in the expectation that he would set the text to music. However, such a setting from Reichardt was never composed.
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Johann Friedrich Reichardt 25 November 1752 27 June 1814 was a German composer writer and music critic Johann Friedrich Reichardt Contents 1 Early life 2 Later career 3 Works 3 1 Stage works 3 2 Writings 4 References 5 External linksEarly life EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Johann Friedrich Reichardt news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Reichardt was born in Konigsberg East Prussia to lutenist and Stadtmusiker Johann Reichardt 1720 1780 Johann Friedrich began his musical training in violin keyboard and lute as a child He was a student of Timofey Belogradsky who in turn was a student of Sylvius Leopold Weiss When Reichardt was ten years old his father took the choir in which he sang the Wunderknaben on a concert tour in East Prussia After being encouraged by Immanuel Kant Reichardt later studied Jurisprudence and Philosophy in his hometown and in Leipzig from 1769 to 1771 In 1771 he escaped civil service by embarking on a Sturm und Drang tour as a virtuoso He returned to Konigsberg in 1774 and became the Kammersekretar Chamber Secretary in Ragnit After Reichardt sent his opera Le feste galanti as a sample piece to Friedrich II he was appointed to the position of the Royal Prussian Court Kapellmeister a position previously held by Carl Heinrich Graun Two years later he already withdrew from the job and married the singer pianist and Lieder composer Juliane Benda a daughter of Frantisek Benda Of their progeny was one daughter Louise Reichardt 11 April 1779 Berlin 17 November 1826 Hamburg who became a noted songwriter and a son Wilhelm 1777 1782 Later career EditOn the return from his first trip to Italy in 1783 Reichardt stopped in Vienna where he met Kaiser Joseph II and Christoph Willibald Gluck Further musical trips to France and England did not produce anticipated success he therefore returned reluctantly to Berlin In 1786 he developed close friendships with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Gottfried Herder Friedrich Schiller and Johann Georg Hamann A small collection of his writings is in the hands of his family specifically Dagmar Reichardt 1961 Further attempts to gain new ground in Paris failed yet he had become zealous with revolutionary ideas After the appearance of his Vertrauten Briefe Intimate Letters in 1792 he was released in 1794 without pay from his position as Court Kapellmeister for being sympathetic to the French Revolution He lived first in Hamburg where he released the journal Frankreich but from 1794 he lived in Giebichenstein near Halle In 1796 he was pardoned for his support of the revolution and appointed to the post of the director of the saline salt mine in Halle From there he often traveled to Berlin to lead the premieres of his compositions Another trip to Paris in 1802 lessened his fascination for the French and French politics considerably he became an opponent of Napoleon Four years later when his manor was plundered by French troops he fled to Danzig where he was active as a patriot and freedom fighter Napoleon s brother Jerome located in Kassel allowed Reichardt to return and named him to Theater Director in 1807 This lasted only nine months In November 1809 he traveled to Vienna looking for success After experiencing the music of Haydn Mozart and Beethoven he became receptive to the Viennese Classic although he was too late However he soon returned to Giebichenstein where he died alone from a gastric illness His stage works were quickly forgotten after his death but his strophic Lieder and Ballads im Volkston in folk style enjoyed considerable popularity beyond the 19th century aided by the Wandervogel movement Works EditMuch of Reichardt s reputation as a composer rests on his Lieder that number about 1500 using texts by some 125 poets Important among these are the settings of Goethe s texts some of which were known to and influenced Schubert He was also known by his Singspiele a genre that he refined with Goethe s support He also wrote 49 songs to Herder s texts Aside from his music his work as an essayist has maintained its value up to this day The collection of poems Des Knaben Wunderhorn is in the epilogue dedicated to Reichardt This was probably in the expectation that he would set the text to music However such a setting from Reichardt was never composed Stage works Edit See List of works for the stage by Johann Friedrich Reichardt Writings Edit Briefe eines aufmerksamen Reisenden die Musik betreffend 1774 76 Letters of an observant traveler as it pertains to music Uber die deutsche komische Oper 1774 About German Comic opera Musikalische Kunstmagazin 1781 1792 Musical Art Magazine Studien fur Tonkunstler und Musikfreunde 1793 Studies for musicians and music enthusiasts Vertraute Briefe aus Paris 1804 Intimate letters from Paris Vertraute Briefe aus Wien 1810 Intimate letters from Vienna Other writings on music and his travelsReferences EditWarrack John and West Ewan 1992 The Oxford Dictionary of Opera 782 pages ISBN 0 19 869164 5External links EditFree scores by Johann Friedrich Reichardt at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Johann Friedrich Reichardt amp oldid 1130949482, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
