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James Thurber

James Grover Thurber (December 8, 1894 – November 2, 1961) was an American cartoonist, writer, humorist, journalist and playwright. He was best known for his cartoons and short stories, published mainly in The New Yorker and collected in his numerous books.

James Thurber
Thurber in 1954
BornJames Grover Thurber
(1894-12-08)December 8, 1894
Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
DiedNovember 2, 1961(1961-11-02) (aged 66)
New York City, U.S.
Resting placeGreen Lawn Cemetery, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
Occupation
  • Cartoonist
  • author
  • humorist
  • journalist
  • playwright
Period1929–1961
GenreShort stories, cartoons, essays
SubjectHumor, language
Notable works
Spouse
Althea Adams
(m. 1925; div. 1935)
Helen Wismer
(m. 1935)
Children1

Thurber was one of the most popular humorists of his time and celebrated the comic frustrations and eccentricities of ordinary people. His works have frequently been adapted into films, including The Male Animal (1942), The Battle of the Sexes (1959, based on Thurber's "The Catbird Seat"), and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (adapted twice, in 1947 and in 2013).

Life edit

Thurber was born in Columbus, Ohio, to Charles L. Thurber and Mary Agnes "Mame" (née Fisher) Thurber on December 8, 1894. Both of his parents greatly influenced his work. His father was a sporadically employed clerk and minor politician who dreamed of being a lawyer or an actor. Thurber described his mother as a "born comedian" and "one of the finest comic talents I think I have ever known." She was a practical joker and, on one occasion, pretended to be disabled and attended a faith healer revival, only to jump up and proclaim herself healed.[1]

 
Thurber at age 14

When Thurber was seven years old, he and one of his brothers were playing a game of William Tell, when his brother shot James in the eye with an arrow.[2] He lost that eye, and the injury later caused him to become almost entirely blind. He was unable to participate in sports and other activities in his childhood because of this injury, but he developed a creative mind, which he used to express himself in writings.[1] Neurologist V. S. Ramachandran suggests that Thurber's imagination may be partly explained by Charles Bonnet syndrome, a neurological condition that causes complex visual hallucinations in people who have had some level of visual loss.[3] (This was the basis for the piece "The Admiral on the Wheel".)

 
High school graduation photo, East High School
 
Thurber family portrait taken in Columbus, Ohio in 1915. From left to right: seated: Robert and Charles. Back row: William, James, and Mame

From 1913 to 1918, Thurber attended Ohio State University where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity and editor of the student magazine, the Sundial. It was during this time he rented the house on 77 Jefferson Avenue,[4] which became Thurber House in 1984. He never graduated from the university because his poor eyesight prevented him from taking a mandatory Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) course.[5] In 1995 he was posthumously awarded a degree.[6]

 
The Thurber House[7] in Columbus, Ohio

From 1918 to 1920, Thurber worked as a code clerk for the United States Department of State, first in Washington, D.C., and then at the embassy in Paris. On returning to Columbus, he began his career as a reporter for The Columbus Dispatch from 1921 to 1924. During part of this time, he reviewed books, films, and plays in a weekly column called "Credos and Curios", a title that was given to a posthumous collection of his work. Thurber returned to Paris during this period, where he wrote for the Chicago Tribune and other newspapers.[6]

Move to New York edit

In 1925, Thurber moved to Greenwich Village in New York City, obtaining a job as a reporter with the New York Evening Post. He joined the staff of The New Yorker in 1927 as an editor, with the help of E. B. White, his friend and fellow New Yorker contributor. His career as a cartoonist began in 1930 after White found some of Thurber's drawings in a trash can and submitted them for publication; White inked-in some of these earlier drawings to make them reproduce better for the magazine, and years later expressed deep regret he had done such a thing. Thurber contributed both his writings and his drawings to The New Yorker until the 1950s.

Marriage and family edit

Thurber married Althea Adams in 1922, although the marriage, as he later wrote to a friend, devolved into “a relationship charming, fine, and hurting.”[8] They lived in the Sanford–Curtis–Thurber House, in Fairfield County, Connecticut, with their daughter Rosemary[9] (b. 1931).[10][11][12] The marriage ended in divorce in May 1935, and Althea kept[13] Sanford–Curtis–Thurber House.[1] He married his editor, Helen Muriel Wismer (1902–1986) in June 1935.[14] After meeting Mark Van Doren on a ferry to Martha's Vineyard, Thurber began summering in Cornwall, Connecticut, along with many other prominent artists and authors of the time. After three years of renting, Thurber found a home, which he referred to as "The Great Good Place", in Cornwall, Connecticut.[15][16]

Death edit

Thurber's behavior became erratic and unpredictable in his last year. Thurber was stricken with a blood clot on the brain on October 4, 1961, and underwent emergency surgery, drifting in and out of consciousness. Although the operation was initially successful, Thurber died a few weeks later, on November 2, aged 66, due to complications from pneumonia. The doctors said his brain was senescent from several small strokes and hardening of the arteries. His last words, aside from the repeated word "God", were "God bless... God damn", according to his wife, Helen.[17]

Legacy and honors edit

Career edit

Thurber also became well known for his simple, outlandish drawings and cartoons. Both his literary and his drawing skills were helped along by the support of, and collaboration with, fellow New Yorker staff member E. B. White, who insisted that Thurber's sketches could stand on their own as artistic expressions. Thurber drew six covers and numerous classic illustrations for The New Yorker.[22]

Writer edit

Many of Thurber's short stories are humorous fictional memoirs from his life, but he also wrote darker material, such as "The Whip-Poor-Will", a story of madness and murder. His best-known short stories are "The Dog That Bit People" and "The Night the Bed Fell"; they can be found in My Life and Hard Times, which was his "break-out" book. Among his other classics are "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty", "The Catbird Seat", "The Night the Ghost Got In", "A Couple of Hamburgers", "The Greatest Man in the World", and "If Grant Had Been Drinking at Appomattox". The Middle-Aged Man on the Flying Trapeze has several short stories with a tense undercurrent of marital discord. The book was published the year of his divorce and remarriage.

Although his 1941 story "You Could Look It Up",[23] about a three-foot adult being brought in to take a walk in a baseball game, has been said[24] to have inspired Bill Veeck's stunt with Eddie Gaedel with the St. Louis Browns in 1951, Veeck claimed an older provenance for the stunt.[25]

In addition to his other fiction, Thurber wrote over seventy-five fables, some of which were first published in The New Yorker (1939), then collected in Fables for Our Time and Famous Poems Illustrated (1940) and Further Fables for Our Time (1956). These were short stories that featured anthropomorphic animals (e.g. "The Little Girl and the Wolf", his version of Little Red Riding Hood) as main characters, and ended with a moral as a tagline. An exception to this format was his most famous fable, "The Unicorn in the Garden", which featured an all-human cast except for the unicorn, which doesn't speak. Thurber's fables were satirical, and the morals served as punch lines as well as advice to the reader, demonstrating "the complexity of life by depicting the world as an uncertain, precarious place, where few reliable guidelines exist."[26] His stories also included several book-length fairy tales, such as The White Deer (1945), The 13 Clocks (1950) and The Wonderful O (1957). The latter two were among several of Thurber's works illustrated by Marc Simont.

Thurber's prose for The New Yorker and other venues included numerous humorous essays. A favorite subject, especially toward the end of his life, was the English language. Pieces on this subject included "The Spreading 'You Know'," which decried the overuse of that pair of words in conversation, "The New Vocabularianism", and "What Do You Mean It Was Brillig?". His short pieces – whether stories, essays or something in between – were referred to as "casuals" by Thurber and the staff of The New Yorker.[27]

Thurber wrote a five-part New Yorker series, between 1947 and 1948, examining in depth the radio soap opera phenomenon, based on near-constant listening and researching over the same period. Leaving nearly no element of these programs unexamined, including their writers, producers, sponsors, performers, and listeners alike, Thurber republished the series in his anthology, The Beast in Me and Other Animals (1948), under the section title "Soapland." The series was one of the first to examine such a pop-culture phenomenon in depth.

The last twenty years of Thurber's life were filled with material and professional success in spite of his blindness. He published at least fourteen books in that era, including The Thurber Carnival (1945), Thurber Country (1953), and the extremely popular book about New Yorker founder/editor Harold Ross, The Years with Ross (1959). A number of his short stories were made into movies, including The Secret Life of Walter Mitty in 1947.

Cartoonist edit

While Thurber drew his cartoons in the usual fashion in the 1920s and 1930s, his failing eyesight later required changes. He drew them on very large sheets of paper using a thick black crayon (or on black paper using white chalk, from which they were photographed and the colors reversed for publication). Regardless of method, his cartoons became as noted as his writings; they possessed an eerie, wobbly feel that seems to mirror his idiosyncratic view on life. He once wrote that people said it looked like he drew them under water. Dorothy Parker, a contemporary and friend of Thurber, referred to his cartoons as having the "semblance of unbaked cookies". The last drawing Thurber completed was a self-portrait in yellow crayon on black paper, which was featured as the cover of Time magazine on July 9, 1951.[28] The same drawing was used for the dust jacket of The Thurber Album (1952).

Adaptations edit

In popular culture edit

  • Beginning during his own father's terminal illness, television broadcaster Keith Olbermann read excerpts from Thurber's short stories during the closing segment of his MSNBC program Countdown with Keith Olbermann on Fridays, which he called "Fridays with Thurber."[35] He reintroduced this during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, reading Thurber stories daily at 8:00 p.m. EDT on Twitter.
  • On an episode of Norm Macdonald's video podcast, Norm Macdonald Live, Norm tells a story in which comedian Larry Miller acknowledges that his biggest influence in comedy was Thurber.
  • In 2021 film The French Dispatch by Wes Anderson, he was mentioned in the end title credits as inspiration.

Bibliography edit

Books edit

75th anniv. edition (2004) with foreword by John Updike, ISBN 0-06-073314-4
ISBN 0-394-60085-1 (Modern Library Edition)
  • The Beast in Me and Other Animals, 1948 ISBN 0-15-610850-X
  • The Thurber Album, 1952
  • Thurber Country, 1953
  • Thurber's Dogs, 1955
  • Further Fables for Our Time, 1956
  • Alarms and Diversions (anthology), 1957
  • The Years with Ross, 1959 ISBN 0-06-095971-1
  • Lanterns and Lances, 1961

Children's books edit

Plays edit

Posthumous books edit

Short stories edit

  • “A Box to Hide In”
  • "The Admiral on the Wheel"
  • "A Couple of Hamburgers"
  • "A Ride with Olympy"
  • "A Sequence of Servants"
  • "The Bear Who Let it Alone"
  • "The Black Magic of Barney Haller"
  • "The Breaking Up of the Winships", 1945
  • "The Cane in the Corridor"
  • "The Car We Had to Push"
  • "The Catbird Seat", 1942
  • "The Crow and the Oriole"
  • "The Curb in the Sky"[37]
  • "The Day the Dam Broke"
  • "The Departure of Emma Inch"
  • "Destructive Forces Life"
  • "Doc Marlowe"
  • "Draft Board Nights"
  • "File and Forget"[38]
  • "If Grant had been Drinking at Appomattox"
  • "More Alarms at Night"
  • "Mr. Preble Gets Rid of His Wife"
  • "Oh When I Was..."
  • "One is a Wanderer"
  • "Sex Ex Machina"
  • "Snapshot of a Dog"
  • "The Dog That Bit People"
  • "The Evening's at Seven"
  • "The Figgerin' Of Aunt Wilma"[39][40]
  • “A Friend to Alexander”
  • "The Glass in the Field"
  • "The Greatest Man in the World"
  • "The Lady on 142"
  • "The Little Girl and the Wolf"
  • "The Macbeth Murder Mystery", 1937
  • "The Man Who Hated Moonbaum"
  • "The Moth and the Star"
  • "The Night the Bed Fell"
  • "The Night the Ghost Got In"
  • "The Owl Who Was God"
  • "The Peacelike Mongoose"
  • "The Princess and the Tin Box"
  • "The Rabbits Who Caused All the Trouble"
  • "The Remarkable Case of Mr.Bruhl"
  • "The Scotty Who Knew Too Much"
  • "The Seal Who Became Famous"
  • "The Secret Life of James Thurber", 1943
  • "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty"
  • "The Sheep in Wolf's Clothing", 1939
  • "The Subjunctive Mood", 1929
  • "The Tiger Who Was to Be King"
  • "The Topaz Cuff Links Mystery"
  • "The Unicorn in the Garden"
  • "The Whip-Poor-Will"
  • "The Wood Duck"
  • "University Days"
  • "What Do You Mean It Was Brillig?"
  • "You Could Look It Up", 1941

Further reading edit

Interviews edit

Transcript of Alistair Cooke's Interview With James Thurber on Omnibus (U.S. TV series)[41]
  • Plimpton, George; Steele, Max (1955). . Paris Review. Fall 1955 (10). ISSN 0031-2037. Archived from the original on September 27, 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2023.

Biographies of Thurber edit

  • Bernstein, Burton. 1975. Thurber. William Morrow & Co. ISBN 9780396070276
  • Fensch, Thomas. 2001. The Man Who Was Walter Mitty: The Life and Work of James Thurber. ISBN 9780738840833
  • Grauer, Neil A. 1994. Remember Laughter: A Life of James Thurber. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803221550[36]
  • Kinney, Harrison. 1995. James Thurber: His Life and Times. Henry Holt & Co. ISBN 9780805039665

Literature review edit

  • Holmes, Charles S. 1972. The Clocks Of Columbus: The Literary Career of James Thurber Atheneum. ISBN 9780689705748

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Liukkonen, Petri. . Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on August 19, 2006.
  2. ^ Kelly, John (April 7, 2018). "Perspective | Why is there a street in Falls Church, Va., named after James Thurber?". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  3. ^ V.S. Ramachandran; Sandra Blakeslee (1988). Phantoms in the Brain. HarperCollins. pp. 85–7.
  4. ^ Tonguette, Peter (July 11, 2019). "The not-so-secret life of James Thurber". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  5. ^ Thurber House. . Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 14, 2007.
  6. ^ a b Thurber House. . Archived from the original on January 14, 2006. Retrieved October 14, 2007.
  7. ^
  8. ^ "Is Sex Necessary?". The Attic. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  9. ^ Sauers, Sara T. (August 30, 2019). "Designing Your Grandfather's Book (When He's James Thurber)". Literary Hub. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  10. ^ "71 Riverside Road, Newtown". Connecticut Creative Places. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  11. ^ Koerting, Katrina (April 6, 2017). "Newtown home once belonged to humorist James Thurber". The News-Times. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  12. ^ A Window Into Thurber's Secret Life, The New York Times, March 12, 1975
  13. ^ Koerting, Katrina (April 6, 2017). "Newtown home once belonged to humorist James Thurber". Connecticut Post. Retrieved April 23, 2023. At one point, Thurber had drawn several cartoons on the baseboards, but when he and his wife, Althea, divorced in 1935, she got the house and wallpapered them over.
  14. ^ "Helen Thurber Is Dead at 84; Edited Writings of Husband". The New York Times. December 26, 1986. Retrieved January 11, 2016.
  15. ^ "92 Great Hollow Road, Cornwall". Connecticut Creative Places. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  16. ^ Sommer, Mimi G. (August 3, 1997). "Finding Thurber at Grandfather's House". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
  17. ^ Bernstein, Burton (1975). Thurber. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. p. 501. ISBN 978-0-396-07027-6.
  18. ^ Grossberg, Michael (October 5, 2009). "Frazier first to win Thurber Prize twice". The Columbus Dispatch.
  19. ^ "True Crime: An American Anthology". Library of America.
  20. ^ "CONNECTICUT - Fairfield County". National Register of Historic Places.
  21. ^ "OHIO - Franklin County". National Register of Historic Places.
  22. ^ "Dec. 8, 2015: birthday: James Thurber". The Writer’s Almanac.
  23. ^ "You Could Look It Up", The Saturday Evening Post, April 5, 1941, pp. 9–11, 114, 116
  24. ^ Kinney, Harrison. 1995. James Thurber: His Life and Times. Henry Holt & Co., p. 672. ISBN 9780805039665
  25. ^ Veeck, Bill; Ed Linn (1962). "A Can of Beer, a Slice of Cake—and Thou, Eddie Gaedel", from Veeck – As In Wreck: The Autobiography of Bill Veeck. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 11–23. ISBN 978-0-226-85218-8.
  26. ^ "The Modern Fable: James Thurber's Social Criticisms", by Ruth A. Maharg, Children's Literature Association Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 2, Summer 1984, pp. 72-73.
  27. ^ Sorel, Edward (November 5, 1989). "The Business of Being Funny". The New York Times. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  28. ^ . Time Archive: 1923 to the Present. Time Inc. July 9, 1951. Archived from the original on December 7, 2006. Retrieved January 31, 2007.
  29. ^ . Time Archive: 1923 to the Present. Time Inc. July 9, 1951. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2007.
  30. ^ "The Unicorn in the Garden". The Big Cartoon Database. Retrieved January 31, 2007.
  31. ^ Kovner, Leo (1958). "Television Reviews: One Is a Wanderer". The Hollywood Reporter. p. 9. "A moving tale of lonely despair in a big city, admittedly it's not everybody's meat. Yet the atmosphere of gentle melancholy was compelling, and the sensitive, intelligent performance of Fred MacMurray and the direction of Herschel Daugherty command attention and respect." Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  32. ^ "CBS Noses Out NBC in Emmy Nominations Race". The Hollywood Reporter. April 14, 1959. p. 6. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  33. ^ Bernstein, Burton (1975). Thurber. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. p. 477. ISBN 978-0-396-07027-6.
  34. ^ "A Thurber Carnival". Internet Broadway Database. The Broadway League. Retrieved March 1, 2008.
  35. ^ . Today.msnbc.msn.com. Archived from the original on January 23, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  36. ^ a b Ervolino, Bill (December 17, 1995). . The Record (North Jersey). Bergen County, NJ: HighBeam Research. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  37. ^ "The Curb in the Sky". New Yorker. November 20, 1931. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  38. ^ Thurber, James (January 8, 1949). "File and Forget". The New Yorker. Vol. 24, no. 46. pp. 24–48.
  39. ^ "The Figgerin' Of Aunt Wilma". The New Yorker. June 3, 1950. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
  40. ^ Omnibus With Alistair Cooke (April 26, 1953). ""Figgerin' of Aunt Wilma" (James Thurber Story)". youtube. Retrieved April 24, 2023. Omnibus - © RSA Venture, LLC, renewed 1990
  41. ^ Shanley, John Patrick (March 5, 1956). "TV: James Thurber; Alistair Cooke's Interview With Humorist on 'Omnibus' Is Fine Entertainment Ewell in Melodrama". The New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2023.

External links edit

  • Official Website of James Thurber – overseen by the Thurber estate and editor Michael J. Rosen
  • A Thurber Carnival playlist on YouTube
Provided to YouTube by Masterworks Broadway; ℗ Originally released 1960 Sony Music Entertainment
  • Pathfinder: James Grover Thurber – links portal
  • The Last Flower – ballet after an idea by James Thurber; 1975
  • Origins of "the Thurber Dog"
  • If Grant Had Been Drinking at Appomattox on YouTube – 1982 dramatization of the James Thurber short story
The Ohio State University Libraries Rare Books and Manuscripts Collection
  • The James Thurber Papers
  • Charles S. Holmes Research for The Clocks of Columbus
  • The Harrison Kinney Archive for James Thurber: His Life and Times
Works
  • Works by James Thurber at Faded Page (Canada)
  • New Yorker magazine digital archive – abstracts of 1,758 Thurber short stories, poems, cartoons and commentaries
  • a list of James Thurber books December 24, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
  • an alphabetical list of
  • Helen Thurber, letters and cards, to Geoffrey WoolleyNational Library of Wales

james, thurber, political, scientist, james, thurber, james, grover, thurber, december, 1894, november, 1961, american, cartoonist, writer, humorist, journalist, playwright, best, known, cartoons, short, stories, published, mainly, yorker, collected, numerous,. For the political scientist see James A Thurber James Grover Thurber December 8 1894 November 2 1961 was an American cartoonist writer humorist journalist and playwright He was best known for his cartoons and short stories published mainly in The New Yorker and collected in his numerous books James ThurberThurber in 1954BornJames Grover Thurber 1894 12 08 December 8 1894Columbus Ohio U S DiedNovember 2 1961 1961 11 02 aged 66 New York City U S Resting placeGreen Lawn Cemetery Columbus Ohio U S OccupationCartoonist author humorist journalist playwrightPeriod1929 1961GenreShort stories cartoons essaysSubjectHumor languageNotable worksMy Life and Hard TimesMy World and Welcome to It The Catbird Seat The Secret Life of Walter Mitty SpouseAlthea Adams m 1925 div 1935 wbr Helen Wismer m 1935 wbr Children1Thurber was one of the most popular humorists of his time and celebrated the comic frustrations and eccentricities of ordinary people His works have frequently been adapted into films including The Male Animal 1942 The Battle of the Sexes 1959 based on Thurber s The Catbird Seat and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty adapted twice in 1947 and in 2013 Contents 1 Life 1 1 Move to New York 1 2 Marriage and family 1 3 Death 2 Legacy and honors 3 Career 3 1 Writer 3 2 Cartoonist 3 3 Adaptations 4 In popular culture 5 Bibliography 5 1 Books 5 2 Children s books 5 3 Plays 5 4 Posthumous books 5 5 Short stories 6 Further reading 6 1 Interviews 6 2 Biographies of Thurber 6 3 Literature review 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksLife editThurber was born in Columbus Ohio to Charles L Thurber and Mary Agnes Mame nee Fisher Thurber on December 8 1894 Both of his parents greatly influenced his work His father was a sporadically employed clerk and minor politician who dreamed of being a lawyer or an actor Thurber described his mother as a born comedian and one of the finest comic talents I think I have ever known She was a practical joker and on one occasion pretended to be disabled and attended a faith healer revival only to jump up and proclaim herself healed 1 nbsp Thurber at age 14When Thurber was seven years old he and one of his brothers were playing a game of William Tell when his brother shot James in the eye with an arrow 2 He lost that eye and the injury later caused him to become almost entirely blind He was unable to participate in sports and other activities in his childhood because of this injury but he developed a creative mind which he used to express himself in writings 1 Neurologist V S Ramachandran suggests that Thurber s imagination may be partly explained by Charles Bonnet syndrome a neurological condition that causes complex visual hallucinations in people who have had some level of visual loss 3 This was the basis for the piece The Admiral on the Wheel nbsp High school graduation photo East High School nbsp Thurber family portrait taken in Columbus Ohio in 1915 From left to right seated Robert and Charles Back row William James and MameFrom 1913 to 1918 Thurber attended Ohio State University where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity and editor of the student magazine the Sundial It was during this time he rented the house on 77 Jefferson Avenue 4 which became Thurber House in 1984 He never graduated from the university because his poor eyesight prevented him from taking a mandatory Reserve Officers Training Corps ROTC course 5 In 1995 he was posthumously awarded a degree 6 nbsp The Thurber House 7 in Columbus OhioFrom 1918 to 1920 Thurber worked as a code clerk for the United States Department of State first in Washington D C and then at the embassy in Paris On returning to Columbus he began his career as a reporter for The Columbus Dispatch from 1921 to 1924 During part of this time he reviewed books films and plays in a weekly column called Credos and Curios a title that was given to a posthumous collection of his work Thurber returned to Paris during this period where he wrote for the Chicago Tribune and other newspapers 6 Move to New York edit In 1925 Thurber moved to Greenwich Village in New York City obtaining a job as a reporter with the New York Evening Post He joined the staff of The New Yorker in 1927 as an editor with the help of E B White his friend and fellow New Yorker contributor His career as a cartoonist began in 1930 after White found some of Thurber s drawings in a trash can and submitted them for publication White inked in some of these earlier drawings to make them reproduce better for the magazine and years later expressed deep regret he had done such a thing Thurber contributed both his writings and his drawings to The New Yorker until the 1950s Marriage and family edit Thurber married Althea Adams in 1922 although the marriage as he later wrote to a friend devolved into a relationship charming fine and hurting 8 They lived in the Sanford Curtis Thurber House in Fairfield County Connecticut with their daughter Rosemary 9 b 1931 10 11 12 The marriage ended in divorce in May 1935 and Althea kept 13 Sanford Curtis Thurber House 1 He married his editor Helen Muriel Wismer 1902 1986 in June 1935 14 After meeting Mark Van Doren on a ferry to Martha s Vineyard Thurber began summering in Cornwall Connecticut along with many other prominent artists and authors of the time After three years of renting Thurber found a home which he referred to as The Great Good Place in Cornwall Connecticut 15 16 Death edit Thurber s behavior became erratic and unpredictable in his last year Thurber was stricken with a blood clot on the brain on October 4 1961 and underwent emergency surgery drifting in and out of consciousness Although the operation was initially successful Thurber died a few weeks later on November 2 aged 66 due to complications from pneumonia The doctors said his brain was senescent from several small strokes and hardening of the arteries His last words aside from the repeated word God were God bless God damn according to his wife Helen 17 Legacy and honors editEstablished in 1997 the annual Thurber Prize honors outstanding examples of American humor 18 In 2008 the Library of America selected Thurber s story A Sort of Genius first published in The New Yorker for inclusion in its two century retrospective of American True Crime 19 Two of his residences have been listed on the U S National Register of Historic Places his childhood Thurber House in Ohio and the Sanford Curtis Thurber House in Fairfield County Connecticut 20 21 Career editThurber also became well known for his simple outlandish drawings and cartoons Both his literary and his drawing skills were helped along by the support of and collaboration with fellow New Yorker staff member E B White who insisted that Thurber s sketches could stand on their own as artistic expressions Thurber drew six covers and numerous classic illustrations for The New Yorker 22 Writer edit Many of Thurber s short stories are humorous fictional memoirs from his life but he also wrote darker material such as The Whip Poor Will a story of madness and murder His best known short stories are The Dog That Bit People and The Night the Bed Fell they can be found in My Life and Hard Times which was his break out book Among his other classics are The Secret Life of Walter Mitty The Catbird Seat The Night the Ghost Got In A Couple of Hamburgers The Greatest Man in the World and If Grant Had Been Drinking at Appomattox The Middle Aged Man on the Flying Trapeze has several short stories with a tense undercurrent of marital discord The book was published the year of his divorce and remarriage Although his 1941 story You Could Look It Up 23 about a three foot adult being brought in to take a walk in a baseball game has been said 24 to have inspired Bill Veeck s stunt with Eddie Gaedel with the St Louis Browns in 1951 Veeck claimed an older provenance for the stunt 25 In addition to his other fiction Thurber wrote over seventy five fables some of which were first published in The New Yorker 1939 then collected in Fables for Our Time and Famous Poems Illustrated 1940 and Further Fables for Our Time 1956 These were short stories that featured anthropomorphic animals e g The Little Girl and the Wolf his version of Little Red Riding Hood as main characters and ended with a moral as a tagline An exception to this format was his most famous fable The Unicorn in the Garden which featured an all human cast except for the unicorn which doesn t speak Thurber s fables were satirical and the morals served as punch lines as well as advice to the reader demonstrating the complexity of life by depicting the world as an uncertain precarious place where few reliable guidelines exist 26 His stories also included several book length fairy tales such as The White Deer 1945 The 13 Clocks 1950 and The Wonderful O 1957 The latter two were among several of Thurber s works illustrated by Marc Simont Thurber s prose for The New Yorker and other venues included numerous humorous essays A favorite subject especially toward the end of his life was the English language Pieces on this subject included The Spreading You Know which decried the overuse of that pair of words in conversation The New Vocabularianism and What Do You Mean It Was Brillig His short pieces whether stories essays or something in between were referred to as casuals by Thurber and the staff of The New Yorker 27 Thurber wrote a five part New Yorker series between 1947 and 1948 examining in depth the radio soap opera phenomenon based on near constant listening and researching over the same period Leaving nearly no element of these programs unexamined including their writers producers sponsors performers and listeners alike Thurber republished the series in his anthology The Beast in Me and Other Animals 1948 under the section title Soapland The series was one of the first to examine such a pop culture phenomenon in depth The last twenty years of Thurber s life were filled with material and professional success in spite of his blindness He published at least fourteen books in that era including The Thurber Carnival 1945 Thurber Country 1953 and the extremely popular book about New Yorker founder editor Harold Ross The Years with Ross 1959 A number of his short stories were made into movies including The Secret Life of Walter Mitty in 1947 Cartoonist edit While Thurber drew his cartoons in the usual fashion in the 1920s and 1930s his failing eyesight later required changes He drew them on very large sheets of paper using a thick black crayon or on black paper using white chalk from which they were photographed and the colors reversed for publication Regardless of method his cartoons became as noted as his writings they possessed an eerie wobbly feel that seems to mirror his idiosyncratic view on life He once wrote that people said it looked like he drew them under water Dorothy Parker a contemporary and friend of Thurber referred to his cartoons as having the semblance of unbaked cookies The last drawing Thurber completed was a self portrait in yellow crayon on black paper which was featured as the cover of Time magazine on July 9 1951 28 The same drawing was used for the dust jacket of The Thurber Album 1952 Adaptations edit Thurber teamed with college schoolmate and actor director Elliott Nugent to write The Male Animal a comic drama that became a major Broadway hit in 1939 The play was adapted as a film by the same name in 1942 starring Henry Fonda Olivia de Havilland and Jack Carson In 1947 his short story The Secret Life of Walter Mitty was loosely adapted as a film by the same name Danny Kaye played the title character In 1951 United Productions of America announced an animated feature to be based on Thurber s work titled Men Women and Dogs 29 The only part of the ambitious project that was eventually released was the UPA cartoon The Unicorn in the Garden 1953 30 In 1958 Thurber s short story One Is a Wanderer was adapted for General Electric Theatre 31 resulting in Emmy nominations for writer Samuel Taylor and director Herschel Daugherty 32 The 1959 film The Battle of the Sexes was based on Thurber s 1942 short story The Catbird Seat In 1960 Thurber fulfilled a long standing desire to be on the professional stage and played himself in 88 performances of the revue A Thurber Carnival which echoes the title of his 1945 book The Thurber Carnival It was based on a selection of Thurber s stories and cartoon captions Thurber appeared in the sketch File and Forget The sketch consists of Thurber dictating a series of letters in a vain attempt to keep one of his publishers from sending him books he did not order and the escalating confusion of the replies 33 Thurber received a Special Tony Award for the adapted script of the Carnival 34 In 1961 The Secret Life of James Thurber aired on The DuPont Show with June Allyson Adolphe Menjou appeared in the program as Fitch and Orson Bean and Sue Randall portrayed John and Ellen Monroe In 1969 70 a full series based on Thurber s writings and life titled My World and Welcome to It was broadcast on NBC It starred William Windom as the Thurber figure Featuring animated portions in addition to live actors the show won a 1970 Emmy Award as the year s best comedy series Windom won an Emmy as well He went on to perform Thurber material in a one man stage show In 1972 another film adaptation The War Between Men and Women starring Jack Lemmon concludes with an animated version of Thurber s classic anti war work The Last Flower In 2013 a new adaptation of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty starring Ben Stiller as the title character In popular culture editBeginning during his own father s terminal illness television broadcaster Keith Olbermann read excerpts from Thurber s short stories during the closing segment of his MSNBC program Countdown with Keith Olbermann on Fridays which he called Fridays with Thurber 35 He reintroduced this during the COVID 19 pandemic of 2020 reading Thurber stories daily at 8 00 p m EDT on Twitter On an episode of Norm Macdonald s video podcast Norm Macdonald Live Norm tells a story in which comedian Larry Miller acknowledges that his biggest influence in comedy was Thurber In 2021 film The French Dispatch by Wes Anderson he was mentioned in the end title credits as inspiration Bibliography editBooks edit Is Sex Necessary Or Why You Feel the Way You Do 1929 with E B White 75th anniv edition 2004 with foreword by John Updike ISBN 0 06 073314 4 dd The Owl in the Attic and Other Perplexities 1931 The Seal in the Bedroom and Other Predicaments 1932 My Life and Hard Times 1933 ISBN 0 06 093308 9 The Middle Aged Man on the Flying Trapeze 1935 Let Your Mind Alone and Other More Or Less Inspirational Pieces 1937 The Last Flower 1939 reissued 2007 ISBN 978 1 58729 620 8 Fables for Our Time and Famous Poems Illustrated 1940 ISBN 0 06 090999 4 My World And Welcome to It 1942 ISBN 0 15 662344 7 Men Women and Dogs 1943 The Thurber Carnival anthology 1945 ISBN 0 06 093287 2 ISBN 0 394 60085 1 Modern Library Edition dd The Beast in Me and Other Animals 1948 ISBN 0 15 610850 X The Thurber Album 1952 Thurber Country 1953 Thurber s Dogs 1955 Further Fables for Our Time 1956 Alarms and Diversions anthology 1957 The Years with Ross 1959 ISBN 0 06 095971 1 Lanterns and Lances 1961Children s books edit Many Moons 1943 The Great Quillow 1944 The White Deer 1945 The 13 Clocks 1950 The Wonderful O 1957Plays edit The Male Animal 1940 with Elliott Nugent A Thurber Carnival 1960Posthumous books edit Credos and Curios 1962 ed Helen W Thurber Thurber amp Company 1966 ed Helen W Thurber Selected Letters of James Thurber 1981 ed Helen W Thurber amp Edward Weeks ISBN 978 0 316844 44 4 Collecting Himself James Thurber on Writing and Writers Humor and Himself 1989 ed Michael J Rosen Thurber on Crime 1991 ed Robert Lopresti ISBN 978 0 892964 50 5 People Have More Fun Than Anybody A Centennial Celebration of Drawings and Writings by James Thurber 1994 ed Michael J Rosen ISBN 978 0 151000 94 4 36 James Thurber Writings and Drawings anthology 1996 ed Garrison Keillor Library of America ISBN 978 1 883011 22 2 The Dog Department James Thurber on Hounds Scotties and Talking Poodles 2001 ed Michael J Rosen ISBN 978 0 060196 56 1 The Thurber Letters The Wit Wisdom and Surprising Life of James Thurber 2002 ed Harrison Kinney with Rosemary A Thurber ISBN 978 0 743223 43 0 Collected Fables 2019 ed Michael J Rosen ISBN A Mile and a Half of Lines The Art of James Thurber 2019 ed Michael J Rosen ISBN 978 0814255339Short stories edit This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items January 2011 A Box to Hide In The Admiral on the Wheel A Couple of Hamburgers A Ride with Olympy A Sequence of Servants The Bear Who Let it Alone The Black Magic of Barney Haller The Breaking Up of the Winships 1945 The Cane in the Corridor The Car We Had to Push The Catbird Seat 1942 The Crow and the Oriole The Curb in the Sky 37 The Day the Dam Broke The Departure of Emma Inch Destructive Forces Life Doc Marlowe Draft Board Nights File and Forget 38 If Grant had been Drinking at Appomattox More Alarms at Night Mr Preble Gets Rid of His Wife Oh When I Was One is a Wanderer Sex Ex Machina Snapshot of a Dog The Dog That Bit People The Evening s at Seven The Figgerin Of Aunt Wilma 39 40 A Friend to Alexander The Glass in the Field The Greatest Man in the World The Lady on 142 The Little Girl and the Wolf The Macbeth Murder Mystery 1937 The Man Who Hated Moonbaum The Moth and the Star The Night the Bed Fell The Night the Ghost Got In The Owl Who Was God The Peacelike Mongoose The Princess and the Tin Box The Rabbits Who Caused All the Trouble The Remarkable Case of Mr Bruhl The Scotty Who Knew Too Much The Seal Who Became Famous The Secret Life of James Thurber 1943 The Secret Life of Walter Mitty The Sheep in Wolf s Clothing 1939 The Subjunctive Mood 1929 The Tiger Who Was to Be King The Topaz Cuff Links Mystery The Unicorn in the Garden The Whip Poor Will The Wood Duck University Days What Do You Mean It Was Brillig You Could Look It Up 1941Further reading editInterviews edit Cooke Alistair August 1 1956 James Thurber In Conversation With Alistair Cooke The Atlantic Retrieved April 23 2023 Transcript of Alistair Cooke s Interview With James Thurber on Omnibus U S TV series 41 dd Plimpton George Steele Max 1955 The Art of Fiction No 10 James Thurber Paris Review Fall 1955 10 ISSN 0031 2037 Archived from the original on September 27 2010 Retrieved April 24 2023 Biographies of Thurber edit Bernstein Burton 1975 Thurber William Morrow amp Co ISBN 9780396070276 Fensch Thomas 2001 The Man Who Was Walter Mitty The Life and Work of James Thurber ISBN 9780738840833 Grauer Neil A 1994 Remember Laughter A Life of James Thurber University of Nebraska Press ISBN 9780803221550 36 Kinney Harrison 1995 James Thurber His Life and Times Henry Holt amp Co ISBN 9780805039665Literature review edit Holmes Charles S 1972 The Clocks Of Columbus The Literary Career of James Thurber Atheneum ISBN 9780689705748See also editThe Battle of the Sexes 1959 film based on The Catbird Seat Walter Mitty expressionReferences edit a b c Liukkonen Petri James Thurber Books and Writers kirjasto sci fi Finland Kuusankoski Public Library Archived from the original on August 19 2006 Kelly John April 7 2018 Perspective Why is there a street in Falls Church Va named after James Thurber Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved May 17 2018 V S Ramachandran Sandra Blakeslee 1988 Phantoms in the Brain HarperCollins pp 85 7 Tonguette Peter July 11 2019 The not so secret life of James Thurber Christian Science Monitor Retrieved April 23 2023 Thurber House James Thurber Archived from the original on October 12 2007 Retrieved October 14 2007 a b Thurber House James Thurber His Life amp Times Archived from the original on January 14 2006 Retrieved October 14 2007 The Thurber House website Is Sex Necessary The Attic Retrieved September 8 2018 Sauers Sara T August 30 2019 Designing Your Grandfather s Book When He s James Thurber Literary Hub Retrieved April 23 2023 71 Riverside Road Newtown Connecticut Creative Places Retrieved April 23 2023 Koerting Katrina April 6 2017 Newtown home once belonged to humorist James Thurber The News Times Retrieved April 23 2023 A Window Into Thurber s Secret Life The New York Times March 12 1975 Koerting Katrina April 6 2017 Newtown home once belonged to humorist James Thurber Connecticut Post Retrieved April 23 2023 At one point Thurber had drawn several cartoons on the baseboards but when he and his wife Althea divorced in 1935 she got the house and wallpapered them over Helen Thurber Is Dead at 84 Edited Writings of Husband The New York Times December 26 1986 Retrieved January 11 2016 92 Great Hollow Road Cornwall Connecticut Creative Places Retrieved April 23 2023 Sommer Mimi G August 3 1997 Finding Thurber at Grandfather s House The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved September 2 2020 Bernstein Burton 1975 Thurber New York Dodd Mead amp Company p 501 ISBN 978 0 396 07027 6 Grossberg Michael October 5 2009 Frazier first to win Thurber Prize twice The Columbus Dispatch True Crime An American Anthology Library of America CONNECTICUT Fairfield County National Register of Historic Places OHIO Franklin County National Register of Historic Places Dec 8 2015 birthday James Thurber The Writer s Almanac You Could Look It Up The Saturday Evening Post April 5 1941 pp 9 11 114 116 Kinney Harrison 1995 James Thurber His Life and Times Henry Holt amp Co p 672 ISBN 9780805039665 Veeck Bill Ed Linn 1962 A Can of Beer a Slice of Cake and Thou Eddie Gaedel fromVeeck As In Wreck The Autobiography of Bill Veeck Chicago IL The University of Chicago Press pp 11 23 ISBN 978 0 226 85218 8 The Modern Fable James Thurber s Social Criticisms by Ruth A Maharg Children s Literature Association Quarterly Volume 9 Number 2 Summer 1984 pp 72 73 Sorel Edward November 5 1989 The Business of Being Funny The New York Times Retrieved August 17 2007 Time Magazine Cover James Thurber July 9 1951 Time Archive 1923 to the Present Time Inc July 9 1951 Archived from the original on December 7 2006 Retrieved January 31 2007 Priceless Gift of Laughter Time Archive 1923 to the Present Time Inc July 9 1951 Archived from the original on October 16 2007 Retrieved January 31 2007 The Unicorn in the Garden The Big Cartoon Database Retrieved January 31 2007 Kovner Leo 1958 Television Reviews One Is a Wanderer The Hollywood Reporter p 9 A moving tale of lonely despair in a big city admittedly it s not everybody s meat Yet the atmosphere of gentle melancholy was compelling and the sensitive intelligent performance of Fred MacMurray and the direction of Herschel Daugherty command attention and respect Retrieved March 14 2022 CBS Noses Out NBC in Emmy Nominations Race The Hollywood Reporter April 14 1959 p 6 Retrieved March 14 2022 Bernstein Burton 1975 Thurber New York Dodd Mead amp Company p 477 ISBN 978 0 396 07027 6 A Thurber Carnival Internet Broadway Database The Broadway League Retrieved March 1 2008 Olbermann signs off msnbc Entertainment Television TODAY com Today msnbc msn com Archived from the original on January 23 2011 Retrieved May 6 2012 a b Ervolino Bill December 17 1995 JAMES THURBER S WORLD AND WELCOME TO IT The Record North Jersey Bergen County NJ HighBeam Research Archived from the original on November 2 2012 Retrieved April 23 2023 The Curb in the Sky New Yorker November 20 1931 Retrieved July 31 2021 Thurber James January 8 1949 File and Forget The New Yorker Vol 24 no 46 pp 24 48 The Figgerin Of Aunt Wilma The New Yorker June 3 1950 Retrieved April 24 2023 Omnibus With Alistair Cooke April 26 1953 Figgerin of Aunt Wilma James Thurber Story youtube Retrieved April 24 2023 Omnibus c RSA Venture LLC renewed 1990 Shanley John Patrick March 5 1956 TV James Thurber Alistair Cooke s Interview With Humorist on Omnibus Is Fine Entertainment Ewell in Melodrama The New York Times Retrieved April 24 2023 External links edit nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to James Thurber nbsp Wikisource has original works by or about James Thurber nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to James Thurber Official Website of James Thurber overseen by the Thurber estate and editor Michael J Rosen A Thurber Carnival playlist on YouTubeProvided to YouTube by Masterworks Broadway Originally released 1960 Sony Music EntertainmentPathfinder James Grover Thurber links portal The Last Flower ballet after an idea by James Thurber 1975 Origins of the Thurber Dog If Grant Had Been Drinking at Appomattox on YouTube 1982 dramatization of the James Thurber short storyThe Ohio State University Libraries Rare Books and Manuscripts CollectionThe James Thurber Papers Charles S Holmes Research for The Clocks of Columbus The Harrison Kinney Archive for James Thurber His Life and TimesWorksWorks by James Thurber at Faded Page Canada New Yorker magazine digital archive abstracts of 1 758 Thurber short stories poems cartoons and commentaries a list of James Thurber books Archived December 24 2021 at the Wayback Machine an alphabetical list of James Thurber short stories Helen Thurber letters and cards to Geoffrey Woolley National Library of Wales Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title James Thurber amp oldid 1181673237, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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