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Jack King (animator)

January 07, 2023

For other people with the same name, see Jack King (disambiguation).

James Patton "Jack" King (November 4, 1895 – October 4, 1958)[1] was an American animator and short film director best known for his work at Walt Disney Productions.

Jack King
Born
James Patton King

November 4, 1895 (1895-11-04)
Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
DiedOctober 4, 1958 (1958-10-05) (aged 62)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupations
  • Animator
  • Short film director
  • artist
Years active1920-1948

Career

According to Jeff Lenburg's assessment of him, King was an early pioneer of animation. His films were nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. He started his career in the silent film era. He spent most of his career working at Walt Disney Productions (later known as the Walt Disney Animation Studios). He directed many well-regarded films.[1]

King was born in 1895 in Birmingham, Alabama.[2] He started his animation career in 1920,[1] working at Bray Productions animation studio. He directed the Judge Rummy series (1920-1921) for the International Film Service. The silent animated series was based on the comic strip Judge Rummy by Tad Dorgan.[1] His early films also included Kiss Me (1920), Why Change Your Husband (1920), and The Chicken Thief (1921). The series reportedly ended in 1921.[1]

King successfully made the transition from silent to sound cartoons and relocated to the West Coast of the United States, where he joined the Disney studio on June 17, 1929 as an animator. His animation film credits include several Silly Symphony animated shorts, which Lenburg describes as "cartoon fables". Among King's Disney film credits was the short film The Three Little Pigs (1933), which won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.[1] King remained with Disney until May 17, 1933.[1]

In 1933, animation producer Leon Schlesinger was setting up a new animation studio, Leon Schlesinger Productions, which would continue producing the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series for Warner Bros. The studio was set on the Warner lot on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles, California. Schlesinger was in need of a new staff for his studio and started hiring people who used to work for other animation studios. Among them was King, who "was probably the first Disney animator Schlesinger hired".[3]

By June 1933, Schlesinger had rounded out his staff and started work on producing animated short films. Tom Palmer had been appointed production manager and director, with King as the head animator. Among the staff were two of King's former associates from Disney, animators Paul Fennell and Bill Mason.[3] According to animation historian Michael Barrier, Schlesinger placed former Disney animators in charge of the studio in hopes of effectively competing with the Disney studio.[3]

Tom Palmer left the studio after completing only two short films. He was replaced as director by Earl Duvall, a former story man for both Disney and Harman and Ising. Duvall himself left the studio after completing five short films. Schlesinger was in need of new directors, and even composer Bernard B. Brown received credits for directing two Merrie Melodies shorts. By early 1934, Schlesinger appointed Friz Freleng as the main director of the Merrie Melodies series and King as the main director of the Looney Tunes series.[3] King handled many of the studio's animated short films starring Buddy, and was responsible for the final year of Buddy films.[1]

By 1935, Buddy was being phased out in favor of new characters; among them was Beans, an anthropomorphic cat. King directed A Cartoonist's Nightmare, Beans' first starring role.[3] King directed a total of eight animated shorts featuring Beans. Michael Barrier describes Beans under King's direction as resembling Mickey Mouse's incarnation of the early 1930s. Their designs were certainly similar, with both characters having a white face and black body, but in characterization Beans was a pint-sized hero resembling the plucky, boyish, and heroic Mickey featured in The Klondike Kid (1932) and The Mail Pilot (1933).[3]

Also in 1935, the studio gained a third full-time director working in addition to Freleng and King: Tex Avery, a former inker for the short-lived Winkler Studio and Universal Studio Cartoons. Avery directed a single film starring Beans, Gold Diggers of '49 (1935); he would use Porky Pig as the main star of his following films. Meanwhile, King continued using Beans as the main star of his own films. In 1936, Beans and most of the characters introduced the previous year, with the exception of Porky Pig, ceased being used by the studio. Barrier suggests that Leon Schlesinger may have been giving Avery a vote of confidence, when deciding to keep only Porky as a continuing character and to drop Beans. This decision came at the expense of King and his work.[3]

King directed two films featuring characters Ham and Ex: The Phantom Ship (1936) and The Fire Alarm (1936). The characters were a pair of troublesome puppies and were intended to serve as series stars.[1] In 1936, King started directing films in the new Porky Pig series. Other films in the series were directed by Tex Avery and Frank Tashlin.[1] King directed only three animated shorts starring Porky Pig.

By April 1936, King was hired by the Disney studio again, this time as a director.[3][1] Part of the reason he returned to Disney was the promise that he would be able to direct cartoons in color, which he had been unable to do previously. Friz Freleng and Tex Avery were the only directors that Schlesinger allowed to direct color films for much of the 1930s.

At Disney, King emerged as the director of a new series of short films, featuring Donald Duck as the protagonist.[3] Lenburg notes that King was one of the principal directors of the Donald Duck series, but not the only one (other directors of this series included Ben Sharpsteen, Dick Lundy, Jack Hannah, and Jack Kinney).[1] King made his directorial debut at Disney with the film Modern Inventions (1937). It was also his first time directing a Donald Duck animated film.[1]

King directed more than forty films featuring Donald Duck, among them were the Academy Award-nominated Good Scouts (1938), Truant Officer Donald (1941), and Donald's Crime (1945).[1] One of his films was a propaganda film, The Spirit of '43 (1943), created in association with the United States Department of the Treasury.[1] King's last film was The Trial of Donald Duck (1948). King retired from Disney in 1948 and spent ten years in retirement. He died on October 4, 1958 in Los Angeles.[1]

Filmography

  • Why Change Your Husband (director) (1920)
  • Kiss Me (Short) (1920)
  • Too Much Pep (director) (1921)
  • The New Champ (animator) (1925)
  • Scents and Nonsense (animator) (1926)

First Disney period (1929-1933)

Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies period (1933-1936)

Second Disney period (1937-1949)

In this period, almost all the films in which King worked belong to the Donald Duck's series

After his death

  • Mickey Mouse Disco (Short) (1980)
  • DTV: Golden Oldies (Video) (original material) (1984)
  • DTV: Pop & Rock (Video) (original material) (1984)
  • DTV: Rock, Rhythm & Blues (Video) (original material) (1984)
  • An Officer and a Duck (Video) (segment "Donald Gets Drafted") (1985)
  • DTV Valentine (TV Movie) (original material) (1986)
  • Lifestyles of the Rich and Animated (TV Movie) (segment "Drip Dippy Donald", uncredited) (1991)
  • Mickey's House of Villains (Video) (segment "Donald Duck and the Gorilla") (2001)
  • ToonHeads (TV Series documentary) (2 episodes) (2003)
    • The Early Career of Porky Pig (original material)
    • The Worst Cartoons Ever Made (original material)
  • Behind the Tunes: Crash! Bang! Boom! - The Wild Sounds of Treg Brown (Video documentary short) (original material) (2004)
  • Behind the Tunes: Bosko, Buddy and the Best of Black and White (Video documentary short) (original material) (2005)
  • Cartoon Alley (TV Series documentary) (1 episode) (2005)
    • The Early Days of Warner Brothers Cartoons (original material) (2005)

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Lenburg (2006), pp. 179-180
  2. ^ "Animator Profiles: JACK KING |".
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Barrier (2003), Warner Bros., pp. unnumbered pages

Sources

External links

January 07, 2023
jack, king, animator, other, people, with, same, name, jack, king, disambiguation, james, patton, jack, king, november, 1895, october, 1958, american, animator, short, film, director, best, known, work, walt, disney, productions, jack, kingbornjames, patton, k. For other people with the same name see Jack King disambiguation James Patton Jack King November 4 1895 October 4 1958 1 was an American animator and short film director best known for his work at Walt Disney Productions Jack KingBornJames Patton KingNovember 4 1895 1895 11 04 Birmingham Alabama U S DiedOctober 4 1958 1958 10 05 aged 62 Los Angeles California U S OccupationsAnimator Short film director artistYears active1920 1948 Contents 1 Career 2 Filmography 2 1 First Disney period 1929 1933 2 2 Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies period 1933 1936 2 3 Second Disney period 1937 1949 2 4 After his death 3 References 4 Sources 5 External linksCareer EditAccording to Jeff Lenburg s assessment of him King was an early pioneer of animation His films were nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film He started his career in the silent film era He spent most of his career working at Walt Disney Productions later known as the Walt Disney Animation Studios He directed many well regarded films 1 King was born in 1895 in Birmingham Alabama 2 He started his animation career in 1920 1 working at Bray Productions animation studio He directed the Judge Rummy series 1920 1921 for the International Film Service The silent animated series was based on the comic strip Judge Rummy by Tad Dorgan 1 His early films also included Kiss Me 1920 Why Change Your Husband 1920 and The Chicken Thief 1921 The series reportedly ended in 1921 1 King successfully made the transition from silent to sound cartoons and relocated to the West Coast of the United States where he joined the Disney studio on June 17 1929 as an animator His animation film credits include several Silly Symphony animated shorts which Lenburg describes as cartoon fables Among King s Disney film credits was the short film The Three Little Pigs 1933 which won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film 1 King remained with Disney until May 17 1933 1 In 1933 animation producer Leon Schlesinger was setting up a new animation studio Leon Schlesinger Productions which would continue producing the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series for Warner Bros The studio was set on the Warner lot on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles California Schlesinger was in need of a new staff for his studio and started hiring people who used to work for other animation studios Among them was King who was probably the first Disney animator Schlesinger hired 3 By June 1933 Schlesinger had rounded out his staff and started work on producing animated short films Tom Palmer had been appointed production manager and director with King as the head animator Among the staff were two of King s former associates from Disney animators Paul Fennell and Bill Mason 3 According to animation historian Michael Barrier Schlesinger placed former Disney animators in charge of the studio in hopes of effectively competing with the Disney studio 3 Tom Palmer left the studio after completing only two short films He was replaced as director by Earl Duvall a former story man for both Disney and Harman and Ising Duvall himself left the studio after completing five short films Schlesinger was in need of new directors and even composer Bernard B Brown received credits for directing two Merrie Melodies shorts By early 1934 Schlesinger appointed Friz Freleng as the main director of the Merrie Melodies series and King as the main director of the Looney Tunes series 3 King handled many of the studio s animated short films starring Buddy and was responsible for the final year of Buddy films 1 By 1935 Buddy was being phased out in favor of new characters among them was Beans an anthropomorphic cat King directed A Cartoonist s Nightmare Beans first starring role 3 King directed a total of eight animated shorts featuring Beans Michael Barrier describes Beans under King s direction as resembling Mickey Mouse s incarnation of the early 1930s Their designs were certainly similar with both characters having a white face and black body but in characterization Beans was a pint sized hero resembling the plucky boyish and heroic Mickey featured in The Klondike Kid 1932 and The Mail Pilot 1933 3 Also in 1935 the studio gained a third full time director working in addition to Freleng and King Tex Avery a former inker for the short lived Winkler Studio and Universal Studio Cartoons Avery directed a single film starring Beans Gold Diggers of 49 1935 he would use Porky Pig as the main star of his following films Meanwhile King continued using Beans as the main star of his own films In 1936 Beans and most of the characters introduced the previous year with the exception of Porky Pig ceased being used by the studio Barrier suggests that Leon Schlesinger may have been giving Avery a vote of confidence when deciding to keep only Porky as a continuing character and to drop Beans This decision came at the expense of King and his work 3 King directed two films featuring characters Ham and Ex The Phantom Ship 1936 and The Fire Alarm 1936 The characters were a pair of troublesome puppies and were intended to serve as series stars 1 In 1936 King started directing films in the new Porky Pig series Other films in the series were directed by Tex Avery and Frank Tashlin 1 King directed only three animated shorts starring Porky Pig By April 1936 King was hired by the Disney studio again this time as a director 3 1 Part of the reason he returned to Disney was the promise that he would be able to direct cartoons in color which he had been unable to do previously Friz Freleng and Tex Avery were the only directors that Schlesinger allowed to direct color films for much of the 1930s At Disney King emerged as the director of a new series of short films featuring Donald Duck as the protagonist 3 Lenburg notes that King was one of the principal directors of the Donald Duck series but not the only one other directors of this series included Ben Sharpsteen Dick Lundy Jack Hannah and Jack Kinney 1 King made his directorial debut at Disney with the film Modern Inventions 1937 It was also his first time directing a Donald Duck animated film 1 King directed more than forty films featuring Donald Duck among them were the Academy Award nominated Good Scouts 1938 Truant Officer Donald 1941 and Donald s Crime 1945 1 One of his films was a propaganda film The Spirit of 43 1943 created in association with the United States Department of the Treasury 1 King s last film was The Trial of Donald Duck 1948 King retired from Disney in 1948 and spent ten years in retirement He died on October 4 1958 in Los Angeles 1 Filmography EditWhy Change Your Husband director 1920 Kiss Me Short 1920 Too Much Pep director 1921 The New Champ animator 1925 Scents and Nonsense animator 1926 First Disney period 1929 1933 Edit The Plowboy animator uncredited 1929 Cannibal Capers Short animator uncredited 1930 Frolicking Fish animator uncredited 1930 The Fire Fighters animator 1930 Monkey Melodies animator uncredited 1930 The Chain Gang animator uncredited 1930 Night animator uncredited 1930 Midnight in a Toy Shop animator uncredited 1930 The Gorilla Mystery animator 1930 Winter animator uncredited 1930 The picnic animator uncredited 1930 Pioneer Days animator 1930 Playful Pan animator uncredited 1930 The Birthday Party animator 1931 Birds of a Feather animator 1931 Traffic Troubles animator uncredited 1931 Mother Goose Melodies animator 1931 The China Plate animator 1931 Blue Rhythm animator uncredited 1931 The Beach Party animator 1931 Mickey Cuts Up animator 1931 Mickey s Orphans animator 1931 The Duck Hunt animator 1932 Mickey in Arabia animator animator uncredited Just Dogs animator 1932 Flowers and Trees animator 1932 Mickey s Nightmare animator uncredited 1932 Trader Mickey animator 1932 The Whoopee Party animator 1932 Bugs in Love animator uncredited 1932 Babes in the Woods animator 1932 Santa s Workshop animator 1932 Birds in the Spring animator uncredited 1933 The Mad Doctor animator uncredited 1933 Three Little Pigs animator 1933 Mickey s Gala Premier animator uncredited 1933 Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies period 1933 1936 Edit Sittin on a Backyard Fence animator 1933 Buddy s Show Boat animator 1933 Buddy s Beer Garden animator 1933 I ve Got to Sing a Torch Song animator 1933 Buddy s Day Out animator uncredited 1933 Beauty and the Beast animator 1934 Pettin in the Park animator 1934 Buddy the Gob animator 1934 Honeymoon Hotel animator 1934 Viva Buddy director 1934 Buddy s Circus director 1934 Buddy the Woodsman director 1934 Buddy the Detective director 1934 Buddy and Towser animator 1934 Buddy s Garage animator 1934 Buddy s Bearcats director 1934 Buddy the Dentist animator 1934 I Haven t Got a Hat Short animator 1935 Hollywood Capers director 1935 A Cartoonist s Nightmare director 1935 Buddy the Gee Man director 1935 Buddy Steps Out director 1935 Buddy s Bug Hunt director 1935 Buddy s Lost World director 1935 The Phantom Ship uncredited director 1936 Boom Boom uncredited director 1936 The Fire Alarm uncredited director 1936 Alpine Antics director 1936 Westward Whoa director 1936 Fish Tales director 1936 Shanghaied Shipmates director 1936 Porky s Pet director 1936 Porky s Moving Day director 1936 Second Disney period 1937 1949 Edit In this period almost all the films in which King worked belong to the Donald Duck s series Modern Inventions director 1937 Donald s Ostrich uncredited director 1937 Self Control uncredited director 1938 Donald s Better Self uncredited director 1938 Donald s Golf Game uncredited director 1938 Good Scouts director 1938 Donald s Nephews uncredited director and animator 1938 The Autograph Hound uncredited director 1939 Donald s Penguin uncredited director 1939 Donald s Cousin Gus uncredited director 1939 The Hockey Champ uncredited director 1939 Donald s Lucky Day uncredited director 1939 Fire Chief director 1940 Window Cleaners uncredited director 1940 Tugboat Mickey animator 1940 Donald s Vacation director 1940 Mr Duck Steps Out uncredited director 1940 Donald s Dog Laundry uncredited director 1940 Chef Donald uncredited director 1941 Old MacDonald Duck director 1941 Truant Officer Donald director 1941 Early to Bed director 1941 Timber uncredited director 1941 Bellboy Donald director 1942 Sky Trooper director and animator 1942 The Vanishing Private director 1942 Out of the Frying Pan Into the Firing Line short uncredited director 1942 Donald Gets Drafted uncredited director 1942 Donald s Snow Fight uncredited director 1942 Home Defense director 1943 The Old Army Game director 1943 Fall Out Fall In director 1943 The Spirit of 43 short documentary uncredited director 1943 The Plastics Inventor director 1944 Commando Duck uncredited director 1944 Contrary Condor director 1944 Donald Duck and the Gorilla uncredited director and animator 1944 Trombone Trouble uncredited director 1944 Old Sequoia director 1945 Cured Duck director 1945 Donald s Crime director 1945 The Clock Watcher director 1945 Defense Against Invasion uncredited director 1946 Dumb Bell of the Yukon director 1946 Wet Paint director 1946 Donald s Double Trouble director 1946 Wide Open Spaces director 1947 Donald s Dilemma director 1947 Sleepy Time Donald director 1947 The Trial of Donald Duck direction 1948 Donald s Dream Voice director 1948 Drip Dippy Donald director director 1948 The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr Toad Animator Segment The Wind in the Willows 1949 Disneyland Donald s Award director 1957 Donald s Weekend 1958 sequence director Donald Duck and his Companions segment Donald s Vacation director 1960 Inside Donald Duck 1961 segment director After his death Edit Mickey Mouse Disco Short 1980 DTV Golden Oldies Video original material 1984 DTV Pop amp Rock Video original material 1984 DTV Rock Rhythm amp Blues Video original material 1984 An Officer and a Duck Video segment Donald Gets Drafted 1985 DTV Valentine TV Movie original material 1986 Lifestyles of the Rich and Animated TV Movie segment Drip Dippy Donald uncredited 1991 Mickey s House of Villains Video segment Donald Duck and the Gorilla 2001 ToonHeads TV Series documentary 2 episodes 2003 The Early Career of Porky Pig original material The Worst Cartoons Ever Made original material Behind the Tunes Crash Bang Boom The Wild Sounds of Treg Brown Video documentary short original material 2004 Behind the Tunes Bosko Buddy and the Best of Black and White Video documentary short original material 2005 Cartoon Alley TV Series documentary 1 episode 2005 The Early Days of Warner Brothers Cartoons original material 2005 References Edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Lenburg 2006 pp 179 180 Animator Profiles JACK KING a b c d e f g h i Barrier 2003 Warner Bros pp unnumbered pagesSources EditBarrier Michael 2003 Warner Bros 1933 1940 Hollywood Cartoons American Animation in Its Golden Age Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0199839223 Lenburg Jeff 2006 King Jack Who s who in Animated Cartoons An International Guide to Film and Television s Award Winning and Legendary Animators Hal Leonard Corporation ISBN 978 1557836717External links EditJack King at IMDb Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jack King animator amp oldid 1095772445, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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