Interactive television is a form of media convergence, adding data services to traditional television technology. It has included on-demand delivery of content, online shopping, and viewer polls. Interactive TV is an example of how new information technology can be integrated vertically into established technologies and commercial structures.[1]
Prior to the development of interactive television, interaction could only be simulated. In the 1950s, there were limited efforts to provide an illusion of interactive experience, most overtly with Winky Dink and You, which encouraged viewers to draw on a vinyl sheet they would attach to a television set.[2]QUBE operated an interactive cable television service in Ohio from 1977 to 1984.[3]
An interactive video-on-demand (VOD) television service was proposed in 1986 in Japan, where there were plans to develop an "Integrated Network System" service. It was intended to include various interactive services, including videotelephony, home shopping, online banking, remote work, and home entertainment services. However, it was not possible to practically implement such an interactive VOD service until the adoption of DCT and ADSL technologies made it possible in the 1990s. In early 1994, British Telecommunications (BT) began testing an interactive VOD television trial service in the United Kingdom. It used the DCT-based MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 video compression standards, along with ADSL technology.[4]
Sega Channel, a service that allowed Sega Genesis owners to download video games on demand via cable television signals, began rolling out in the United States in 1994 and was discontinued in 1998. It has been described as a form of interactive television.[5]
The first patent of interactive connected TV was granted in 1999 in the United States; it expired in 2015.[6]
ATSC 3.0, also known as "NextGen TV", adds interactivity features to terrestrial television. As of April 2022, broadcasters in 60 media markets in the United States were using ATSC 3.0.[7]
Forms of interaction
Interactive TV includes programs that directly incorporate polls, questions, comments, and other forms of audience response back into the show. For example, Australian media producer Yahoo!7's Fango mobile app allows viewers to provide material that producers can insert into live programming. During the 2012 Australian Open, viewers used the app to suggest questions for commentator Jim Courier to ask players in post-match interviews.[8]
"One-screen" formats involve interaction on the TV screen, using the remote control. Remote-control user interfaces are known in human-computer interaction research as "lean back" interaction,[9] and as a 10-foot user interface.[10]Second screen interactive TV, also called Enhanced TV by ABC and ESPN, uses a personal computer or mobile application.[11] Chat Television, developed in 1996, was the first example of a second screen interactive TV format. The system synchronized online services with television broadcasts, grouping users by time zone and program, so that all real-time viewers could participate in a chat or interactive gathering during the show's airing.[12]
Interactive TV features in smart TVs have drawn criticism because they allow TV manufacturers to collect and transmit data about customer behavior for the purposes of targeted advertising.[13]
^Kim, Pyungho (1999). "A Story Of Failed Technology: Deconstructing Interactive TV Networks". Javnost-The Public. 6 (3): 87. doi:10.1080/13183222.1999.11008720.
^Bob Greene (March 31, 2013). "Winky Dink and ... Bill Gates?". CNN. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
^Rogers, Everett M. Communication Technology: The New Media in Society. New York: Free Press, 1986, p. 63.
^Lea, William (1994). . 9 May 1994: House of Commons Library. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
^Rossen, Jake (March 24, 2022). "When '90s Gamers Tuned into the Sega Channel". Mental Floss. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
^Schelle, Anne (April 25, 2022). "NextGen TV spurs a renaissance of interactive television—how broadcasters can gain from it". NewscastStudio. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
^Kennedy, Jessica (10 February 2012). "Social TV on the rise". B&T Online. Archived from the original on 30 December 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
^Dewdney, Andrew (2006). The Digital Media Handbook. Routledge. pp. 289. ISBN9780203645789.
^Kunert, Tibor. "User-Centered Interaction Design Patterns for Interactive Digital Television Applications". Springer. Retrieved 2009-07-06.
^"Prediction: NanoGaming Will Replace Nielsen". Madisonavenuejournal.com. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
^Moncreiff, Craig T. (Oct 27, 1998). "Computer network chat room based on channel broadcast in real time". Google.com. Retrieved 2016-01-16.
^Lobato, Ramon; Scarlata, Alexa (September 5, 2022). "Smart TVs are watching what you watch and selling your data to advertisers". Choice. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
February 05, 2023
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Not to be confused with interactive television narrative technique Interactive television is a form of media convergence adding data services to traditional television technology It has included on demand delivery of content online shopping and viewer polls Interactive TV is an example of how new information technology can be integrated vertically into established technologies and commercial structures 1 Digital TV set top box Contents 1 History 2 Forms of interaction 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory EditPrior to the development of interactive television interaction could only be simulated In the 1950s there were limited efforts to provide an illusion of interactive experience most overtly with Winky Dink and You which encouraged viewers to draw on a vinyl sheet they would attach to a television set 2 QUBE operated an interactive cable television service in Ohio from 1977 to 1984 3 An interactive video on demand VOD television service was proposed in 1986 in Japan where there were plans to develop an Integrated Network System service It was intended to include various interactive services including videotelephony home shopping online banking remote work and home entertainment services However it was not possible to practically implement such an interactive VOD service until the adoption of DCT and ADSL technologies made it possible in the 1990s In early 1994 British Telecommunications BT began testing an interactive VOD television trial service in the United Kingdom It used the DCT based MPEG 1 and MPEG 2 video compression standards along with ADSL technology 4 Sega Channel a service that allowed Sega Genesis owners to download video games on demand via cable television signals began rolling out in the United States in 1994 and was discontinued in 1998 It has been described as a form of interactive television 5 The first patent of interactive connected TV was granted in 1999 in the United States it expired in 2015 6 ATSC 3 0 also known as NextGen TV adds interactivity features to terrestrial television As of April 2022 broadcasters in 60 media markets in the United States were using ATSC 3 0 7 Forms of interaction EditInteractive TV includes programs that directly incorporate polls questions comments and other forms of audience response back into the show For example Australian media producer Yahoo 7 s Fango mobile app allows viewers to provide material that producers can insert into live programming During the 2012 Australian Open viewers used the app to suggest questions for commentator Jim Courier to ask players in post match interviews 8 One screen formats involve interaction on the TV screen using the remote control Remote control user interfaces are known in human computer interaction research as lean back interaction 9 and as a 10 foot user interface 10 Second screen interactive TV also called Enhanced TV by ABC and ESPN uses a personal computer or mobile application 11 Chat Television developed in 1996 was the first example of a second screen interactive TV format The system synchronized online services with television broadcasts grouping users by time zone and program so that all real time viewers could participate in a chat or interactive gathering during the show s airing 12 Interactive TV features in smart TVs have drawn criticism because they allow TV manufacturers to collect and transmit data about customer behavior for the purposes of targeted advertising 13 See also EditBBC Red Button CE HTML DVB H Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV Integrated digital television IP over DVB MHEG 5 Multimedia Hypermedia Experts Group Part 5 Multimedia Home Platform MHP Personalised television Project Canvas Social television Sonifi Solutions formerly LodgeNet WTVMLReferences Edit Kim Pyungho 1999 A Story Of Failed Technology Deconstructing Interactive TV Networks Javnost The Public 6 3 87 doi 10 1080 13183222 1999 11008720 Bob Greene March 31 2013 Winky Dink and Bill Gates CNN Retrieved March 27 2018 Rogers Everett M Communication Technology The New Media in Society New York Free Press 1986 p 63 Lea William 1994 Video on demand Research Paper 94 68 9 May 1994 House of Commons Library Archived from the original on 20 September 2019 Retrieved 20 September 2019 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location link Rossen Jake March 24 2022 When 90s Gamers Tuned into the Sega Channel Mental Floss Retrieved September 18 2022 Espacenet Bibliographic data Archived from the original on 2015 09 04 Schelle Anne April 25 2022 NextGen TV spurs a renaissance of interactive television how broadcasters can gain from it NewscastStudio Retrieved September 18 2022 Kennedy Jessica 10 February 2012 Social TV on the rise B amp T Online Archived from the original on 30 December 2012 Retrieved 16 February 2012 Dewdney Andrew 2006 The Digital Media Handbook Routledge pp 289 ISBN 9780203645789 Kunert Tibor User Centered Interaction Design Patterns for Interactive Digital Television Applications Springer Retrieved 2009 07 06 Prediction NanoGaming Will Replace Nielsen Madisonavenuejournal com Retrieved 9 June 2018 Moncreiff Craig T Oct 27 1998 Computer network chat room based on channel broadcast in real time Google com Retrieved 2016 01 16 Lobato Ramon Scarlata Alexa September 5 2022 Smart TVs are watching what you watch and selling your data to advertisers Choice Retrieved September 18 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Interactive television amp oldid 1136997484, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
