There are many words that are cognates in Sanskrit and Tamil, in both tatsama and tadbhava forms. This is an illustrative list of Tamil words of Indo-Aryan origin, classified based on type of borrowing. The words are transliterated according to IAST system. All words have been referenced with the Madras University Tamil Lexicon, which is used as the most authoritative and standard lexicon by mainstream scholars.[3][4] In the examples below, the second word is from Tamil, and its original Indo-Aryan source is placed to the left.
^Harold Schiffman in his official website says of the Madras University Tamil Lexicon "most comprehensive and authoritative."
^Another source asserting the status of the Madras University Lexicon is this page where it is called "still the most comprehensive and authoritative Tamil dictionary."
^Burrow, Thomas (1947), "Dravidian Studies VI - The loss of initial c/s in South Dravidian", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Cambridge University Press, 12 (1): 132–147, doi:10.1017/s0041977x00079969, JSTOR 608991 at p. 133
S Vaidyanathan, Indo-Aryan loanwords in old Tamil, Rajan Publishers (1971), ASIN B0000CQQI3 [2]
Chandran Tucker, A dictionary of English loan-words in modern Tamil: Contributions towards a modern Tamil-English dictionary , Biblia Impex (1986), ISBN81-85012-14-8
R Wallden, Hidden Indo-European and/or Indo-Aryan "Loanwords" in Old Tamil?, Orientalia Suecana Uppsala 1980, vol. 29, pp. 140–156 - [3]
External linksEdit
Madras University Tamil lexicon
October 15, 2023
indo, aryan, loanwords, tamil, this, article, need, reorganization, comply, with, wikipedia, layout, guidelines, please, help, editing, article, make, improvements, overall, structure, february, 2023, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, tamil, langua. This article may be in need of reorganization to comply with Wikipedia s layout guidelines Please help by editing the article to make improvements to the overall structure February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Tamil language of Dravidian family has absorbed many loanwords from Indo Aryan family predominantly from Prakrit Pali and Sanskrit 1 ever since the early 1st millennium CE when the Sangam period Chola kingdoms became influenced by spread of Jainism Buddhism and early Hinduism Many of these loans are obscured by adaptions to Tamil phonology 2 There are many words that are cognates in Sanskrit and Tamil in both tatsama and tadbhava forms This is an illustrative list of Tamil words of Indo Aryan origin classified based on type of borrowing The words are transliterated according to IAST system All words have been referenced with the Madras University Tamil Lexicon which is used as the most authoritative and standard lexicon by mainstream scholars 3 4 In the examples below the second word is from Tamil and its original Indo Aryan source is placed to the left Contents 1 Change of final retroflex to dental 2 Loss of initial s 3 Loss of initial complex consonant retaining initial vowel 4 Loss of initial complex consonant introduction of vowel 5 Loss of voicing 6 Loss of voiced aspiration 7 Tatsama borrowing 8 Change of final sibilant to semivowel 9 Change of medial sibilants to stops 10 Split of complex syllables 11 Others 12 References 12 1 Notes 12 2 Bibliography 12 3 External linksChange of final retroflex to dental Editambara ampala 5 Loss of initial s Editsamayaṃ amaiyam 6 sabha avai 5 Loss of initial complex consonant retaining initial vowel Editsṛavaṇa Avaṇi 5 also note loss of initial complex consonant Sr Loss of initial complex consonant introduction of vowel Editḥṛdaya itaya 5 also loss of voicing Loss of voicing Editagati akati 5 Loss of voiced aspiration Editadhikara atikara 5 adhika atikaTatsama borrowing Editaṇu aṇu 5 niti niti 5 Change of final sibilant to semivowel EditAkasa AkayaChange of medial sibilants to stops Editasuddha acutta 5 Split of complex syllables Editagni akkini 5 gni to kini also note loss of voicing Others Editahaṃkaram akankaram anger arrogance self love 7 5 agastya akattiya 5 ahambhava akampavam 5 Aṣaḍha Aḍi 5 Arambha Arampam 5 kavya kappiyam 5 karttika karttikai 5 svasa cuvacam 5 sani cani 5 chitra cittirai 5 budha putan 5 phalguna pankuni 5 manas manatu 5 margasirSa markazhi month name mid December to mid January 8 5 magha maci 5 vaisakha vaikaci 5 References EditNotes Edit Zvelebil Kamil 2002 Companion studies to the history of Tamil literature E J Brill Press p 143 ISBN 9004093656 Michael Witzel 1 Archived 2008 12 05 at the Wayback Machine Harold Schiffman in his official website says of the Madras University Tamil Lexicon most comprehensive and authoritative Another source asserting the status of the Madras University Lexicon is this page where it is called still the most comprehensive and authoritative Tamil dictionary a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Madras University Tamil Lexicon Burrow Thomas 1947 Dravidian Studies VI The loss of initial c s in South Dravidian Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies Cambridge University Press 12 1 132 147 doi 10 1017 s0041977x00079969 JSTOR 608991 at p 133 wiktionary அகங க ரம Tamil https ilearntamil com days of tamil calendar Bibliography Edit S Vaidyanathan Indo Aryan loanwords in old Tamil Rajan Publishers 1971 ASIN B0000CQQI3 2 Chandran Tucker A dictionary of English loan words in modern Tamil Contributions towards a modern Tamil English dictionary Biblia Impex 1986 ISBN 81 85012 14 8 R Wallden Hidden Indo European and or Indo Aryan Loanwords in Old Tamil Orientalia Suecana Uppsala 1980 vol 29 pp 140 156 3 External links Edit Madras University Tamil lexicon Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Indo Aryan loanwords in Tamil amp oldid 1169775782, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
