Nomen illegitimum (Latin for illegitimate name) is a technical term, used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms for other kinds of name (e.g. nomen conservandum for "conserved name"), the glossary defines the English phrase "illegitimate name" rather than the Latin equivalent.[1] However, the Latin abbreviation is widely used by botanists and mycologists.
Achras sapota is both a Nomen illegitimum and a nomen superfluum and is properly called Manilkara zapota
A superfluous name is often an illegitimate name. Again, although the glossary defines the English phrase,[1] the Latin equivalent nomen superfluum, abbreviated nom. superfl. is widely used by botanists.
(article 52) it was superfluous at its time of publication, i.e., the taxon (as represented by the type) already has a name, or
(articles 53 and 54) the name has already been applied to another plant (a homonym).
For the procedure of rejecting otherwise legitimate names, see conserved name.
The qualification above concerning the taxon and the type is important. A name can be superfluous but not illegitimate if it would be legitimate for a different circumscription. For example, the family name Salicaceae, based on the "type genus" Salix, was published by Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel in 1815. So when in 1818 Lorenz Chrysanth von Vest published the name Carpinaceae (based on the genus Carpinus) for a family explicitly including the genus Salix, it was superfluous: "Salicaceae" was already the correct name for Vest's circumscription; "Carpinaceae" is superfluous for a family containing Salix. However, the name is not illegitimate, since Carpinus is a legitimate name. If Carpinus were in future placed in a family where no genus had been used as the basis for a family name earlier than Vest's name (e.g. if it were placed in a family of its own) then Carpinaceae would be its legitimate name. (See Article 52.3, Ex. 18.)
A similar situation can arise when species are synonymized and transferred between genera. Carl Linnaeus described what he regarded as two distinct species of grass: Andropogon fasciculatus in 1753 and Agrostis radiata in 1759. If these two are treated as the same species, the oldest specific epithet, fasciculatus, has priority. So when Swartz in 1788 combined the two as one species in the genus Chloris, the name he used, Chloris radiata, was superfluous, since the correct name already existed, namely Chloris fasciculata. Chloris radiata is an incorrect name for a species in the genus Chloris with the same type as Linnaeus's Andropogon fasciculatus. However, if they are treated as separate species, and Linnaeus's Agrostis radiata is transferred to Chloris, then Chloris radiata is its legitimate name. (See Article 52.3, Ex. 15.)
Examplesedit
Rhodotorula rubra (Demme) Lodder, 1934 (different from Rhodotorula rubra (Schimon) F.C. Harrison, 1928) is a nom. illeg. and now called Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (A. Jörg.) F.C. Harrison, 1928[3]
"The generic name Cainito Adans. (1763) is illegitimate because it was a superfluous name for Chrysophyllum L. (1753), which Adanson cited as a synonym."[2]
"The name Amblyanthera Müll. Arg. (1860) is a later homonym of the validly published Amblyanthera Blume (1849) and is therefore unavailable for use, although Amblyanthera Blume is now considered to be a synonym of Osbeckia L. (1753)."[2]
"The name Torreya Arn. (1838) is a nomen conservandum and is therefore available for use in spite of the existence of the earlier homonym Torreya Raf. (1818)."[2]
^"Rhodotorula mucilaginosa". NCBI Taxonomy. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
December 15, 2023
nomen, illegitimum, latin, illegitimate, name, technical, term, used, mainly, botany, usually, abbreviated, illeg, although, international, code, nomenclature, algae, fungi, plants, uses, latin, terms, other, kinds, name, nomen, conservandum, conserved, name, . Nomen illegitimum Latin for illegitimate name is a technical term used mainly in botany It is usually abbreviated as nom illeg Although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants uses Latin terms for other kinds of name e g nomen conservandum for conserved name the glossary defines the English phrase illegitimate name rather than the Latin equivalent 1 However the Latin abbreviation is widely used by botanists and mycologists Achras sapota is both a Nomen illegitimum and a nomen superfluum and is properly called Manilkara zapotaA superfluous name is often an illegitimate name Again although the glossary defines the English phrase 1 the Latin equivalent nomen superfluum abbreviated nom superfl is widely used by botanists Contents 1 Definition 2 Examples 3 See also 4 ReferencesDefinition editA nomen illegitimum is a validly published name but one that contravenes some of the articles laid down by the International Botanical Congress 2 The name could be illegitimate because article 52 it was superfluous at its time of publication i e the taxon as represented by the type already has a name or articles 53 and 54 the name has already been applied to another plant a homonym For the procedure of rejecting otherwise legitimate names see conserved name The qualification above concerning the taxon and the type is important A name can be superfluous but not illegitimate if it would be legitimate for a different circumscription For example the family name Salicaceae based on the type genus Salix was published by Charles Francois Brisseau de Mirbel in 1815 So when in 1818 Lorenz Chrysanth von Vest published the name Carpinaceae based on the genus Carpinus for a family explicitly including the genus Salix it was superfluous Salicaceae was already the correct name for Vest s circumscription Carpinaceae is superfluous for a family containing Salix However the name is not illegitimate since Carpinus is a legitimate name If Carpinus were in future placed in a family where no genus had been used as the basis for a family name earlier than Vest s name e g if it were placed in a family of its own then Carpinaceae would be its legitimate name See Article 52 3 Ex 18 A similar situation can arise when species are synonymized and transferred between genera Carl Linnaeus described what he regarded as two distinct species of grass Andropogon fasciculatus in 1753 and Agrostis radiata in 1759 If these two are treated as the same species the oldest specific epithet fasciculatus has priority So when Swartz in 1788 combined the two as one species in the genus Chloris the name he used Chloris radiata was superfluous since the correct name already existed namely Chloris fasciculata Chloris radiata is an incorrect name for a species in the genus Chloris with the same type as Linnaeus s Andropogon fasciculatus However if they are treated as separate species and Linnaeus s Agrostis radiata is transferred to Chloris then Chloris radiata is its legitimate name See Article 52 3 Ex 15 Examples edit nbsp Rhodotorula rubra Demme Lodder 1934 different from Rhodotorula rubra Schimon F C Harrison 1928 is a nom illeg and now called Rhodotorula mucilaginosa A Jorg F C Harrison 1928 3 The generic name Cainito Adans 1763 is illegitimate because it was a superfluous name for Chrysophyllum L 1753 which Adanson cited as a synonym 2 The name Amblyanthera Mull Arg 1860 is a later homonym of the validly published Amblyanthera Blume 1849 and is therefore unavailable for use although Amblyanthera Blume is now considered to be a synonym of Osbeckia L 1753 2 The name Torreya Arn 1838 is a nomen conservandum and is therefore available for use in spite of the existence of the earlier homonym Torreya Raf 1818 2 See also editCorrect name botany Valid name zoology Nomen dubium Glossary of botanical terms Glossary of scientific naming Nomen conservandumReferences edit a b Melbourne Code Glossary a b c d Melbourne Code 2012 Rhodotorula mucilaginosa NCBI Taxonomy Retrieved 24 October 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nomen illegitimum amp oldid 1181703342, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
