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Ilia Zdanevich

April 09, 2024

Ilia Mikhailovich Zdanevich (Georgian: ილია ზდანევიჩი, Russian: Илья́ Миха́йлович Здане́вич) (April 21, 1894 – December 25, 1975), known as Iliazd (Georgian: ილიაზდ), was a Russian and French writer, artist and publisher, and an active participant in such avant-garde movements as Futurism and Dada.

Ilia Zdanevich

Early life edit

He was born in Tbilisi to a Polish father, Michał Zdaniewicz, who taught French in a gymnasium and a Georgian mother, Valentina Gamkrelidze, who was a pianist and student of Tchaikovsky. (His older brother Kiril Zdanevich also became an artist.) He studied in the Faculty of Law of Saint Petersburg State University.

In 1912 he and his brother, along with their friend Mikhail Le-Dantyu, became enthusiastic about the Tbilisi painter Niko Pirosmanashvili; Ilya's article about him, "Khudozhnik-samorodok" ("A natural-born artist"), his first publication, appeared in the February 13, 1913, issue of Zakavkazskaia Rech'. Later in 1913 he published a monograph Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov under the pseudonym Eli Eganbyuri (Russian: Эли Эганбюри). In June 1914 the journal Vostok published his article "Niko Pirosmanashvili," in which he mythologized the biography of the older artist, linking him with the Silver Age and the Russian avant-garde.[1] He became involved with the new Futurist movement, participating in their discussions and writing about them and Marinetti in the Russian press, and was drawn to other avant-garde movements as well, such as Zaum and dadaism.

During World War I Zdanevich returned to the Caucasus as a newspaper correspondent,[2] and from 1917 to 1919 he lived in Tbilisi, where he published several collections of poetry in the zaum style (Yanko Krul Albansky, Ostraf Paskhi, and Zga Yakaby). In 1918, he joined Aleksei Kruchenykh and others in the Futurist group "41°." Zdanevich in 1919 adopted the pseudonym Iliazd. He left Tiflis for Batumi.

Paris edit

In October 1920 left the country to investigate the new artistic currents of France. After a year spent in Constantinople acquiring a French visa, he arrived in Paris in October 1921, where together with other artists he organized the group Cherez ("Across"), whose aim was to bring Russian émigrés together with representatives of French culture.

In 1923 he began his novel Parizhachi, about four couples who agree to dine together in the Bois de Boulogne; in the course of two and a half hours (each chapter has an exact time for a title, from 11.51 to 14.09) they all manage to betray each other, and the novel itself breaks all manner of orthographic, punctuational, and compositional rules.[3] Zdanevich continued working on this "hyperformalist" novel (which he described as an opis', or "inventory"[4]) until 1926, but it was not published until 1994.

His second novel, Voskhishchenie ("Rapture"), was published in a small edition in 1930 and was ignored at the time. Set in a mythical Georgia among mountaineers, on the surface a crime novel, it is actually a fictionalized history of the Russian avant-garde, full of allusions to world literature; it could be said to anticipate magic realism. The language of the novel is innovative and poetic, and the Slavist Milivoje Jovanović called it "undoubtedly the summit toward which the Russian avant-garde was striving."[5]

Zdanevich's 1923 poster for his and Tristan Tzara's Soirée du coeur à barbe [Evening of the bearded heart] is a widely known example of avant-garde typography and graphic design. During the last forty years of his life in Paris, Zdanevich was active in a variety of areas. He did analyses of church elevations, created fabrics for Chanel, and above all dedicated himself to the creation of artist's books with the collaboration of Picasso, Max Ernst, Miro, and others, and which he published under the imprint "Le Degré 41", or "Le Degré Quarante et Un" (English, "The 41st Degree").[6][7] His innovative typographic and design work has been exhibited at the New York Public Library, MOMA, in Montreal, in Tbilisi in 1989 in a joint exhibition with his brother Kiril, and in many other venues. Catalogs for many of these exhibitions exist and contain considerably more detailed information about his life and works.

In 1972, Iliazd published Pirosmanashvili – 1914,  which included a translation of an article he published on Niko Pirosmani in 1914 in Tbilisi, and his new article 60 Years Later,  for which Picasso painted a portrait of Pirosmanashvili in etching technique.[8]

Ilia Zdanevich died on Christmas Day 1975 in Paris. He was buried at the Georgian émigré cemetery at Leuville-sur-Orge.[9]

References edit

  1. ^ N.N. Skatov, Russkaya literatura XX veka: prozaiki, poėty, dramaturgi, Vol. 2 (Olma Media Group, 2005: ISBN 5-94848-262-6), p. 99.
  2. ^ Sergei Biryukov, review of Zdanevich collection July 11, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Toronto Slavic Quarterly (in Russian).
  3. ^ Natalia Arlauskaite, "Неконвенциональные элементы текста в структуре повествования Ильязд, "Парижачьи"."
  4. ^ Sergei Kudryavtsev, "ПАРИЖАЧЬИ," Novaya Literaturnaya Gazeta 4 (1994).
  5. ^ Sergei Biryukov, review of Zdanevich collection July 11, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Toronto Slavic Quarterly (in Russian).
  6. ^ Rapture: A Novel, readrussia.org. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
  7. ^ Picasso and Iliazd, princeton.edu. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
  8. ^ "Zdanevich Ilia (Iliazd)". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  9. ^ Voiskunski, Natella (2016). "The "Everyfeelingism" of Iliazd". The Tretyakov Gallery Magazine. 1 (50).

Further reading edit

  • Iliazd and the Illustrated Book. Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1987.
  • Iliazd, Maître d'œuvre du livre moderne. Catalog of the exhibition at The University of Quebec at Montreal, 1984.
  • John Russell, "'Iliazd and the Illustrated Book' at the Modern," New York Times, July 17, 1987.
  • Iliazd, Rapture: A Novel, Columbia University Press, 2017 (The Russian Library). Translated by Thomas J. Kitson.
  • Johanna Drucker, Iliazd: A Meta-Biography of a Modernist, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020.
  • Ketevan Kintsurashvili and David Janiashvili, The Zdanevich Brothers: Kirill and Ilia, Polish traces in the Georgian Avant-garde, KJ ArtBooks, Tbilisi, Georgia, 2019.

External links edit

  • Iliazd at The International Dada Archive, hosted by the University of Iowa.
  • available for download (in Russian)

April 09, 2024
ilia, zdanevich, ilia, mikhailovich, zdanevich, georgian, ილია, ზდანევიჩი, russian, Илья, Миха, йлович, Здане, вич, april, 1894, december, 1975, known, iliazd, georgian, ილიაზდ, russian, french, writer, artist, publisher, active, participant, such, avant, gard. Ilia Mikhailovich Zdanevich Georgian ილია ზდანევიჩი Russian Ilya Miha jlovich Zdane vich April 21 1894 December 25 1975 known as Iliazd Georgian ილიაზდ was a Russian and French writer artist and publisher and an active participant in such avant garde movements as Futurism and Dada Ilia Zdanevich Contents 1 Early life 2 Paris 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksEarly life editHe was born in Tbilisi to a Polish father Michal Zdaniewicz who taught French in a gymnasium and a Georgian mother Valentina Gamkrelidze who was a pianist and student of Tchaikovsky His older brother Kiril Zdanevich also became an artist He studied in the Faculty of Law of Saint Petersburg State University In 1912 he and his brother along with their friend Mikhail Le Dantyu became enthusiastic about the Tbilisi painter Niko Pirosmanashvili Ilya s article about him Khudozhnik samorodok A natural born artist his first publication appeared in the February 13 1913 issue of Zakavkazskaia Rech Later in 1913 he published a monograph Natalia Goncharova Mikhail Larionov under the pseudonym Eli Eganbyuri Russian Eli Eganbyuri In June 1914 the journal Vostok published his article Niko Pirosmanashvili in which he mythologized the biography of the older artist linking him with the Silver Age and the Russian avant garde 1 He became involved with the new Futurist movement participating in their discussions and writing about them and Marinetti in the Russian press and was drawn to other avant garde movements as well such as Zaum and dadaism During World War I Zdanevich returned to the Caucasus as a newspaper correspondent 2 and from 1917 to 1919 he lived in Tbilisi where he published several collections of poetry in the zaum style Yanko Krul Albansky Ostraf Paskhi and Zga Yakaby In 1918 he joined Aleksei Kruchenykh and others in the Futurist group 41 Zdanevich in 1919 adopted the pseudonym Iliazd He left Tiflis for Batumi Paris editIn October 1920 left the country to investigate the new artistic currents of France After a year spent in Constantinople acquiring a French visa he arrived in Paris in October 1921 where together with other artists he organized the group Cherez Across whose aim was to bring Russian emigres together with representatives of French culture In 1923 he began his novel Parizhachi about four couples who agree to dine together in the Bois de Boulogne in the course of two and a half hours each chapter has an exact time for a title from 11 51 to 14 09 they all manage to betray each other and the novel itself breaks all manner of orthographic punctuational and compositional rules 3 Zdanevich continued working on this hyperformalist novel which he described as an opis or inventory 4 until 1926 but it was not published until 1994 His second novel Voskhishchenie Rapture was published in a small edition in 1930 and was ignored at the time Set in a mythical Georgia among mountaineers on the surface a crime novel it is actually a fictionalized history of the Russian avant garde full of allusions to world literature it could be said to anticipate magic realism The language of the novel is innovative and poetic and the Slavist Milivoje Jovanovic called it undoubtedly the summit toward which the Russian avant garde was striving 5 Zdanevich s 1923 poster for his and Tristan Tzara s Soiree du coeur a barbe Evening of the bearded heart is a widely known example of avant garde typography and graphic design During the last forty years of his life in Paris Zdanevich was active in a variety of areas He did analyses of church elevations created fabrics for Chanel and above all dedicated himself to the creation of artist s books with the collaboration of Picasso Max Ernst Miro and others and which he published under the imprint Le Degre 41 or Le Degre Quarante et Un English The 41st Degree 6 7 His innovative typographic and design work has been exhibited at the New York Public Library MOMA in Montreal in Tbilisi in 1989 in a joint exhibition with his brother Kiril and in many other venues Catalogs for many of these exhibitions exist and contain considerably more detailed information about his life and works In 1972 Iliazd published Pirosmanashvili 1914 which included a translation of an article he published on Niko Pirosmani in 1914 in Tbilisi and his new article 60 Years Later for which Picasso painted a portrait of Pirosmanashvili in etching technique 8 Ilia Zdanevich died on Christmas Day 1975 in Paris He was buried at the Georgian emigre cemetery at Leuville sur Orge 9 References edit N N Skatov Russkaya literatura XX veka prozaiki poety dramaturgi Vol 2 Olma Media Group 2005 ISBN 5 94848 262 6 p 99 Sergei Biryukov review of Zdanevich collection Archived July 11 2014 at the Wayback Machine Toronto Slavic Quarterly in Russian Natalia Arlauskaite Nekonvencionalnye elementy teksta v strukture povestvovaniya Ilyazd Parizhachi Sergei Kudryavtsev PARIZhAChI Novaya Literaturnaya Gazeta 4 1994 Sergei Biryukov review of Zdanevich collection Archived July 11 2014 at the Wayback Machine Toronto Slavic Quarterly in Russian Rapture A Novel readrussia org Retrieved 13 October 2020 Picasso and Iliazd princeton edu Retrieved 13 October 2020 Zdanevich Ilia Iliazd Retrieved February 29 2024 Voiskunski Natella 2016 The Everyfeelingism of Iliazd The Tretyakov Gallery Magazine 1 50 Further reading editIliazd and the Illustrated Book Museum of Modern Art New York 1987 Iliazd Maitre d œuvre du livre moderne Catalog of the exhibition at The University of Quebec at Montreal 1984 John Russell Iliazd and the Illustrated Book at the Modern New York Times July 17 1987 Iliazd Rapture A Novel Columbia University Press 2017 The Russian Library Translated by Thomas J Kitson Johanna Drucker Iliazd A Meta Biography of a Modernist Johns Hopkins University Press 2020 Ketevan Kintsurashvili and David Janiashvili The Zdanevich Brothers Kirill and Ilia Polish traces in the Georgian Avant garde KJ ArtBooks Tbilisi Georgia 2019 External links editIliazd at The International Dada Archive hosted by the University of Iowa Parizhachi and Voskhishchenie available for download in Russian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ilia Zdanevich amp oldid 1214629277, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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