Ibnu Hadjar (19 April 1920 – 22 March 1965) was an Indonesian Navy officer and later the leader of Darul Islam in South Kalimantan from 1950-1963. He participated in Kalimantan Physical Revolution under the 4th Division of the Indonesian Navy. After the revolution and following the army reorganization, he was rejected from entering the military due to his being illiterate. He started an insurgency against the government and later joined the Islamic State of Indonesia before surrendering and being arrested, where he was later given a death sentence.
Ibnu Hadjar was born on 19 April 1920 in Ambutun [id] with the original name Haderi.[1] Before the Japanese occupation, he worked as a farmer and honey collector.[2]
During the Indonesian National Revolution, he joined 4th Division of Indonesian Navy with the rank of second lieutenant and changed his name to Ibnu Hadjar.[2][3] He was a guerilla commandant in Kandangan, South Kalimantan. In early 1950, Ibnu Hadjar joined United Indonesian State Army. He was deployed to Pontianak for a short time.[4]
Leading the rebellionedit
In the aftermath of the revolution, the government conducted reorganization of the army which results in many militias excluded from the army. There was a tension especially between those of former Royal Netherlands East Indies Army whom are more favoured in the army recruitment and those who are not.[5] Hadjar was illiterate and as the result he was not accepted to the army and later founded Kesatuan Rakjat jang Tertindas (KRjT, Union of the Oppressed People) to start insurgencies supported by his fellow militias that were also not accepted to the army.[5][6]
On October 1950, the government informed that they would accept the insurgents who wanted to surrender. Hadjar visited Kandangan and told them that he had surrendered. The government asked Hadjar to persuade his colleagues to surrender. However, he did not do it and instead led an insurrection against the government.[2] In early 1951, the chairman of Hulu Sungai Regional People's Representative, Zafry Zamzam [id], persuaded Ibnu Hadjar to surrender. During the early four years (1950-1954), Ibnu Hadjar and his forces attacked Kandangan four times, and the government managed to repulse them. Likewise, he also planned two attacks in Banjarmasin, which were on August 1953 and 1954 new year and the government thwarted the plans.[7] At the end of 1954, Ibnu Hadjar announced that KjRT joined Darul Islam after Kartosoewirjo offered him a ministerial position in Islamic State of Indonesia. Kartosoewirjo appointed Ibnu Hadjar as the Darul Islam Territorial Commandant of Kalimantan. After KjRT joined Darul Islam, Ibnu Hadjar made several changes. He proclaimed himself as Ulul-Amri and named his forces into Angkatan Perang Tentara Islam (Islamic Army War Forces/APTI). Likewise, he renamed his headquarter to Istana Islam Merdeka (Free Islamic Palace).[8][5]
Later yearsedit
In 1963, DI/TII South Kalimantan's strength weakened because of intensive military operations. Looking at this situation, the police chief of South Kalimantan, Tengku Abdul Aziz, persuaded Hadjar and the rest of his forces to surrender with the promise of amnesty from the Jakarta government. Realizing that his forces were at the corner, he accepted the government's demand for surrender in July 1963. Subsequently, he and his small forces went to Ambutun and laid over the weapons to the government.[9] On the next day, Hadjar attended the mass meeting in support of Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation in Banjarmasin and he said to the press that not only did he support it, but he was also willing to participate in the confrontation with his 14.000 soldiers.[10]
On September 1963, the police arrested Ibnu Hadjar. Afterwards, he was brought to Banjarmasin and later to Jakarta. In Jakarta, he was put on trial by the military court, and received a death sentence on 11 March 1965.[9] He was executed on 22 March.[11]
^ abMatanasi, Petrik (22 November 2022). "Ibnu Hadjar, Pejuang yang Kecewa". Historia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-24.
^ abcMatanasi, Petrik (1 June 2017). Sri Handayani, Maulida (ed.). "Kekecewaan Ibnu Hadjar, Sang Pemberontak". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-29.
^Adryamarthanino, Verelladevanka (28 July 2022). Nailufar, Nibras Nada (ed.). "Pemberontakan Ibnu Hadjar (1950)". Kompas. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
Bibliographyedit
Iqbal, Muhammad (2018-09-27). "Pemberontakan Kesatuan Rakjat Jang Tertindas (Krjt) Di Kalimantan Selatan (1950-1963): Sebuah Kajian Awal". Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (in Indonesian). 16 (1). doi:10.18592/khazanah.v16i1.2153. ISSN 2460-7606.
January 01, 1970
ibnu, hadjar, april, 1920, march, 1965, indonesian, navy, officer, later, leader, darul, islam, south, kalimantan, from, 1950, 1963, participated, kalimantan, physical, revolution, under, division, indonesian, navy, after, revolution, following, army, reorgani. Ibnu Hadjar 19 April 1920 22 March 1965 was an Indonesian Navy officer and later the leader of Darul Islam in South Kalimantan from 1950 1963 He participated in Kalimantan Physical Revolution under the 4th Division of the Indonesian Navy After the revolution and following the army reorganization he was rejected from entering the military due to his being illiterate He started an insurgency against the government and later joined the Islamic State of Indonesia before surrendering and being arrested where he was later given a death sentence Ibnu HadjarBirth nameHaderiBorn 1920 04 19 19 April 1920Ambutun id Dutch East IndiesDied22 March 1965 1965 03 22 aged 44 Allegiance Indonesia 1950 Islamic State of Indonesia 1954 1963 Service wbr branchIndonesian Navy Islamic Armed Forces of IndonesiaYears of service 1950 1954 1963RankSecond LieutenantBattles warsIndonesian National RevolutionDarul Islam rebellion Contents 1 Early life 2 Leading the rebellion 3 Later years 4 Personal life 5 References 6 BibliographyEarly life editIbnu Hadjar was born on 19 April 1920 in Ambutun id with the original name Haderi 1 Before the Japanese occupation he worked as a farmer and honey collector 2 During the Indonesian National Revolution he joined 4th Division of Indonesian Navy with the rank of second lieutenant and changed his name to Ibnu Hadjar 2 3 He was a guerilla commandant in Kandangan South Kalimantan In early 1950 Ibnu Hadjar joined United Indonesian State Army He was deployed to Pontianak for a short time 4 Leading the rebellion editIn the aftermath of the revolution the government conducted reorganization of the army which results in many militias excluded from the army There was a tension especially between those of former Royal Netherlands East Indies Army whom are more favoured in the army recruitment and those who are not 5 Hadjar was illiterate and as the result he was not accepted to the army and later founded Kesatuan Rakjat jang Tertindas KRjT Union of the Oppressed People to start insurgencies supported by his fellow militias that were also not accepted to the army 5 6 On October 1950 the government informed that they would accept the insurgents who wanted to surrender Hadjar visited Kandangan and told them that he had surrendered The government asked Hadjar to persuade his colleagues to surrender However he did not do it and instead led an insurrection against the government 2 In early 1951 the chairman of Hulu Sungai Regional People s Representative Zafry Zamzam id persuaded Ibnu Hadjar to surrender During the early four years 1950 1954 Ibnu Hadjar and his forces attacked Kandangan four times and the government managed to repulse them Likewise he also planned two attacks in Banjarmasin which were on August 1953 and 1954 new year and the government thwarted the plans 7 At the end of 1954 Ibnu Hadjar announced that KjRT joined Darul Islam after Kartosoewirjo offered him a ministerial position in Islamic State of Indonesia Kartosoewirjo appointed Ibnu Hadjar as the Darul Islam Territorial Commandant of Kalimantan After KjRT joined Darul Islam Ibnu Hadjar made several changes He proclaimed himself as Ulul Amri and named his forces into Angkatan Perang Tentara Islam Islamic Army War Forces APTI Likewise he renamed his headquarter to Istana Islam Merdeka Free Islamic Palace 8 5 Later years editIn 1963 DI TII South Kalimantan s strength weakened because of intensive military operations Looking at this situation the police chief of South Kalimantan Tengku Abdul Aziz persuaded Hadjar and the rest of his forces to surrender with the promise of amnesty from the Jakarta government Realizing that his forces were at the corner he accepted the government s demand for surrender in July 1963 Subsequently he and his small forces went to Ambutun and laid over the weapons to the government 9 On the next day Hadjar attended the mass meeting in support of Indonesia Malaysia confrontation in Banjarmasin and he said to the press that not only did he support it but he was also willing to participate in the confrontation with his 14 000 soldiers 10 On September 1963 the police arrested Ibnu Hadjar Afterwards he was brought to Banjarmasin and later to Jakarta In Jakarta he was put on trial by the military court and received a death sentence on 11 March 1965 9 He was executed on 22 March 11 Personal life editHadjar had two wives 2 He was illiterate 4 References edit Sedjarah TNI Angkatan Darat 1945 1965 in Indonesian Bandung Pusat Sedjarah Militer Angkatan Darat Indonesia 1965 p 136 OCLC 969730421 a b c d Iqbal 2018 p 62 63 van Dijk Cornelis Pieter 1981 Rebellion under the banner of Islam the Darul Islam in Indonesia Leiden The Hague Brill Martinus Nijhoff p 242 ISBN 978 90 04 28725 9 OCLC 1162615608 a b Matanasi Petrik 22 November 2022 Ibnu Hadjar Pejuang yang Kecewa Historia in Indonesian Retrieved 2022 11 24 a b c Matanasi Petrik 1 June 2017 Sri Handayani Maulida ed Kekecewaan Ibnu Hadjar Sang Pemberontak tirto id in Indonesian Retrieved 2022 11 29 Maarif Syamsul Dwi 2 September 2021 Raditya Iswara ed Sejarah Pemberontakan DI TII Ibnu Hadjar Alasan Tujuan amp Akhir tirto id in Indonesian Retrieved 2022 11 29 Iqbal 2018 p 82 83 Iqbal 2018 p 88 a b Iqbal 2018 p 94 96 van Dijk Cornelis Pieter 1981 Rebellion under the banner of Islam the Darul Islam in Indonesia Leiden The Hague Brill Martinus Nijhoff p 268 ISBN 978 90 04 28725 9 OCLC 1162615608 Adryamarthanino Verelladevanka 28 July 2022 Nailufar Nibras Nada ed Pemberontakan Ibnu Hadjar 1950 Kompas Retrieved 3 December 2022 Bibliography editIqbal Muhammad 2018 09 27 Pemberontakan Kesatuan Rakjat Jang Tertindas Krjt Di Kalimantan Selatan 1950 1963 Sebuah Kajian Awal Khazanah Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora in Indonesian 16 1 doi 10 18592 khazanah v16i1 2153 ISSN 2460 7606 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ibnu Hadjar amp oldid 1216342860, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
