Hyvinkää
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Hyvinkää (Finnish: [ˈhyʋiŋkæː] ⓘ; Swedish: Hyvinge, Finland Swedish: [ˈhyviŋe]) is a town in Finland, located in the southern interior of the country. Hyvinkää is situated in the northern part of the Uusimaa region. The population of Hyvinkää is approximately 47,000. It is the 23rd most populous municipality in Finland. Hyvinkää is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which has approximately 1.58 million inhabitants.
Hyvinkää Hyvinge | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Hyvinkään kaupunki Hyvinge stad | |
Ahjo building from 1935 in central Hyvinkää. The church of Hyvinkää in the background. | |
Flag Coat of arms | |
Location of Hyvinkää in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 60°38′N 024°51′E / 60.633°N 24.850°E | |
| Country | Finland |
| Region | Uusimaa |
| Sub-region | Helsinki sub-region |
| Metropolitan area | Helsinki metropolitan area |
| Charter | 1917 |
| City rights | 1960 |
| Government | |
| • Town manager | Johanna Luukkonen |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 336.77 km2 (130.03 sq mi) |
| • Land | 322.69 km2 (124.59 sq mi) |
| • Water | 14.14 km2 (5.46 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 229th largest in Finland |
| Population (2023-12-31)[2] | |
| • Total | 46,903 |
| • Rank | 23rd largest in Finland |
| • Density | 145.35/km2 (376.5/sq mi) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 91.9% (official) |
| • Swedish | 0.9% |
| • Others | 7.2% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 15.1% |
| • 15 to 64 | 62.2% |
| • 65 or older | 22.7% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Climate | Dfc |
| Website | www |
Hyvinkää is located approximately 50 kilometres (30 mi) north of the capital Helsinki. The city was granted its charter in 1960. The municipality shares borders with Riihimäki and Hausjärvi to the north, Mäntsälä to the east, Tuusula and Nurmijärvi to the south, and Vihti and Loppi to the west.[6]
Highways, such as the Tampere Highway (E12) and Hanko Highway, as well as rail connections, make it one of the suburban commuter centres of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. The city planning has placed emphasis on recreational facilities.
Hyvinkää is home to several well-known buildings, including the 1961 church and the Kytäjä manor house. Additionally, the Finnish Railway Museum is located in Hyvinkää. Kytäjä Golf is located in the village of Kytäjä in the Hyvinkää countryside.
Hyvinkää is also home to Konecranes, which specialises in the manufacture and service of cranes, and KONE Elevators, the world's third largest elevator company, which manufactures, installs and services elevators and escalators.
History edit
In the 16th century there was a tavern in the area now known as Hyvinkäänkylä (literally "the village of Hyvinkää"), which lies approximately halfway between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna. It was mentioned the first time in 1495 as Höffinga. The first tax catalogues also marked the existence of some houses in the area around the same time. During the 16th century there was also a mine close to current-day Kytäjä village.
Hyvinkää village gradually grew in the latter half of the 19th century, though it was the construction of the railway network through Finland, beginning in 1861, that marked the starting point for the town's rapid growth. Hyvinkää, who still belonged to the Nurmijärvi parish at that time, resigned in 1917 as its own parishioner.[7]
The construction of Finland's first stretch of railroad, the Helsinki–Hämeenlinna line, determined the location of the present city centre and the railway station of Hyvinkää is one of the few original stations still in use. From Hyvinkää the railway also branches off to the port of Hanko. The Hanko–Hyvinkää Railroad was the first private railroad in Finland, founded in 1862, and acquired by the Finnish State RR Co. in 1875. In the early 20th century, the station village in Hyvinkää was an intermediate stopping point for many emigrants leaving by ship from Hanko for a new life in North America.
The air quality of Hyvinkää was considered healthy due to dense pine forests, and in the 1880s a group of physicians from Helsinki opened a sanatorium for patients seeking rest and recuperation.
Industrialization brought a wool factory to Hyvinkää in 1892 – the Donner family's Hyvinge Yllespinneri. The factory ceased operation in the 1990s, but the red-brick halls still remain. The building has found several new uses, including an exhibition centre and a theater.
Hyvinkää Airfield served as the country's main airport for a short time after the second World War while Helsinki-Malmi Airport was under the control of the Allied Powers. There is now a motorsports centre near the airfield.
Hyvinkää's population grew quickly following the Second World War. It became home to many Finnish Karelian refugees after Karelia was handed out to Soviet Union by the Moscow Peace Treaty. Nowadays Hyvinkää is the sixth biggest town by inhabitants of Uusimaa.
Demographics edit
Population edit
The city of Hyvinkää has 46,903 inhabitants, making it the 23rd most populous municipality in Finland. The city of Hyvinkää is part of the Helsinki metropolitan area, which is the largest urban area in Finland with 1,583,038 inhabitants. In Hyvinkää, 7.2% of the population has a foreign background, which is below the national average.[8]
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 40,194 |
| 1995 | 41,203 |
| 2000 | 42,545 |
| 2005 | 43,848 |
| 2010 | 45,489 |
| 2015 | 46,463 |
| 2020 | 46,576 |
Languages edit
Population by mother tongue (2022)[8]
Hyvinkää is a monolingual Finnish-speaking municipality. The majority of the population - 42,989 people or 91.9% - speak Finnish as their first language. In Hyvinkää, 429 people, or 0.9% of the population, speak Swedish.[8] 7.2% of the population of Hyvinkää have a mother tongue other than Finnish or Swedish.[8] As English and Swedish are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon.
At least 30 different languages are spoken in Hyvinkää. The most common foreign languages are Estonian (1.2%), Russian (1.0%), Albanian (0.6%) and Arabic (0.5%).[8]
Immigration edit
| Population by country of birth (2022)[8] | ||
| Nationality | Population | % |
|---|---|---|
| Finland | 43,655 | 93.3 |
| Estonia | 477 | 1.0 |
| Soviet Union | 368 | 0.8 |
| Sweden | 189 | 0.4 |
| Yugoslavia | 140 | 0.3 |
| Syria | 134 | 0.3 |
| Thailand | 126 | 0.3 |
| Afghanistan | 112 | 0.2 |
| India | 108 | 0.2 |
| Philippines | 106 | 0.2 |
| China | 89 | 0.2 |
| Other | 1,293 | 2.8 |
In 2022, there were 3,389 persons with a migrant background living in Hyvinkää, or 7.2% of the population.[note 1] The number of residents who were born abroad was 3,142, or 6.7% of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Hyvinkää was 2,202.[10] Most foreign-born citizens came from Estonia, the former Soviet Union, Sweden and the former Yugoslavia.[8]
The relative share of immigrants in Hyvinkää's population is below the national average. Moreover, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years.
Religion edit
In 2022, the Evangelical Lutheran Church was the largest religious group with 63.5% of the population of Hyvinkää. Other religious groups accounted for 2.2% of the population. 34.3% of the population had no religious affiliation.[8]
Politics edit
Results of the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election in Hyvinkää:
- Social Democratic Party 25.2%
- Finns Party 24.9%
- National Coalition Party 21.2%
- Centre Party 5.8%
- Green League 5.6%
- Left Alliance 5.1%
- Christian Democrats 3.8%
- Freedom Alliance 1.1%
- Swedish People's Party 1.0%
Public services edit
Health care edit
There are three health care centers in Hyvinkää. Hyvinkää hospital is one of largest general hospitals in Finland. The emergency unit services 24 hours in day.
Education edit
There are twenty primary schools in Hyvinkää: Anttila school (grades 1–2), Asema school (and the English classes of Hyvinkää), Hakala school, Hyvinkäänkylä school, Hämeenkatu school, Härkävehmas school (grades 3–9), Kaukas school, Kytäjä school, Martti school, Noppo school, Paavola school, Pohjoispuisto school (grades 7–9), Puolimatka school (grades 1–9), Ridasjärvi school, Svenska skolan i Hyvinge (Grades 1–6), Talvisilta school (Grades 1–2), Tapainlinna school (Grades 1–9), Uusikylä school and Vehkoja school (grades 3–9).
As of 2021 there is only high school in Hyvinkää following the merger of Hyvinkään yhteiskoulun lukio and Hyvinkään Sveitsin lukio.
Transportation edit
Railway edit
Hyvinkää is an important railway city, located on the primary rail route in southern Finland. Station building is one of the original Helsinki-Hämeenlinna railway stations in original use. The city is also home to the Finnish Railway Museum and a VR maintenance area. Hyvinkää also has another railway line, the Hyvinkää-Karis railway towards Hanko (founded on 8 October 1873). Passenger traffic between Hyvinkää and Karis ended in September 1983, but the railway is still in use by VR Cargo.
Airfield edit
Hyvinkää airfield was the main airport of Finland in 1944–1947, when Helsinki-Malmi Airport was in use by the Allied Commission. Finnair used Hyvinkää as a major hub. Finnair's DC-3-pilots trained to fly at Hyvinkää airfield in 1948.[citation needed]
Since the 1950s, the airfield has mainly been in use by general aviation. Aviation clubs including Jukolan Pilotit, Mäntsälän Ilmailukerho and Hyvinkään Ilmailukerho operate from the airfield as of 2020.
Buses edit
The Local bus service is operated by Hyvinkään Liikenne. There are six local bus lines.
Sport edit
Hyvinkää has a large variety of sports. Hyvinkään Tahko plays pesäpallo at men's top league, Superpesis. Hyvinkää Falcons plays american football in nation's second level in both men's and women's league system. Hyvinkään Palloseura or HyPS plays association football in the fourth division in men's and in the fifth division in women's football. Hyvinkää has three men's ice hockey teams of which Hoki Klupi Hyvinkää plays in the fourth division and Hyvinkää Bruins and Hyvinkää Storm in the fifth division. In basketball Hyvinkään Ponteva plays in men's 1st Division B and in women's second division.
Vauhtipuisto, Hyvinkää Speedway track is a motorcycle speedway venue located to the north east of the city in the motor sport complex, adjacent to the Hyvinkaa Airfield. The complex also features a motocross and a race track.[13] The speedway track has held the final of the Finnish Individual Speedway Championship on four occasions in 1992, 2013, 2016 and 2021.[14]
Festivals edit
In the Summer, there is an annual beer festival which attracts rock bands from Scandinavia and about 10,000 visitors.
Notable residents edit
- Tomi Kalliola, musician
- Niko Kari, racing driver
- Jaan Markus Keski-Kastari, California champion wake boarder, MX-3 racer, Olympic candidate snowboarder
- Aki Klemm, musician, composer, artist
- Sauli Koskinen, TV presenter living in Los Angeles
- Heikki Mikkola, motocross racer; four-time world champion
- Peetu Piiroinen, Olympic silver medallist, men's halfpipe
- Katri Rosendahl, endurance riding national champion 2007
- Juha Ruokangas, master luthier, founder of Ruokangas Guitars
- Jalmari Ruokokoski, painter
- Esa Saarinen, philosopher
- Yrjö Saarinen, painter
- Tyko Sallinen, painter
- Ossi Savolainen, mayor of Hyvinkää
- Helene Schjerfbeck, painter
- Roni Tran Binh Trong, singer
- Lauri Tukonen, professional ice hockey player
- Markku Uusipaavalniemi, curler, politician
- Sanna Valkonen, professional football player
- Petteri Wirtanen, professional ice hockey player
International relations edit
Twin towns – Sister cities edit
- Eigersund, Norway
- Kecskemét, Hungary
- Kostroma, Russia
- Motala, Sweden
- Hersfeld-Rotenburg district, Germany
- Kunshan, China
Projects edit
The educational department takes part in Lifelong Learning Programme 2007–2013 in Finland.
See also edit
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ "Immigration record high in Finland in 2023". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
- ^ "Demographic Structure by area as of 31 December 2022". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023". Tax Administration of Finland. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
- ^ Aino – Suuri Suomen kartasto (in Finnish). Genimap. 2005. pp. 114–115.
- ^ Korjus, Olli (2014). Kuusi kuolemaantuomittua. Atena Kustannus Oy. ISBN 978-952-30002-4-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Number of foreign-language speakers grew by nearly 38,000 persons". Statistics Finland. 31 May 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
- ^ "Persons with foreign background". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "Population structure 2000-2022, urban-rural classification". Statistics Finland. 26 May 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
- ^ Hyria Hyvinkää, Uudenmaankatu 249 (in Finnish)
- ^ About Hyria (in English)
- ^ "Hyvinkään Vauhtipuisto". Visit Hyvinkaa. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Speedway Individual Finnish Championship". Speedway Sanomat. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Ystävyyskaupungit" (in Finnish). City of Hyvinkää. 7 August 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
External links edit
- Town of Hyvinkää – Official website
- Finnish Railway Museum
- Steam Locomotives in Finland Including the Finnish Railway Museum
- Pictures from Hyvinkää