The Hungarian occupation of Vidin was a period in the history of the city and region of Vidin (Hungarian: Bodony), today in northwestern Bulgaria, when it was called Banate of Bulgaria under the rule of King Louis I of Hungary from 1365 to 1369.[1]
Banate of Bulgaria Bolgár bánság Banatus Bulgariae
Before 1359–1360, the former heir to the Bulgarian crown Ivan Sratsimir had established himself as the ruler of the Vidin appanage of the Second Bulgarian Empire and had turned it into a largely independent entity. In early 1365 Louis I of Hungary, who like his predecessors styled himself "king of Bulgaria" (rex Bulgariae) among other titles, demanded that Ivan Sratsimir acknowledge his suzerainty and become his vassal. After Sratsimir's refusal, the Hungarian king undertook a campaign to conquer the Tsardom of Vidin. On 1 May 1365, he set off from Hungary; he reached Vidin on 30 May and captured the city on 2 June, after a brief siege.[2] Kommander of hungarian army palatineNicholas Kont, the condottiereUlrich I count of Zilli, Magister Stefan Sira, Magister Georgi Zekul and some other Hungarian knights distinguished themselves in the campaign for the capture of Tsardom of Vidin. The Hungarians took Ivan Sratsimir and his family captive and imprisoned them in the Humnik fortress in Bosiljevo, Croatia. Shortly afterwards, the Hungarians seized the entire land of the Tsardom of Vidin (known as Bodony in Hungarian[1]) and turned it into a province of the Kingdom of Hungary governed by a ban.[1] Initially, the area was governed by Peter Himfi, the Count of Pozsony, and then by Denis Lackfi, styled "voivode of Transylvania, governor of Vidin and ruler of the counties of Temes and Szolnok".[2]
Hungarian rule in Vidinedit
After establishing their administrative rule, the Hungarians proceeded to convert the local Bulgarian Orthodox population to Roman Catholicism with the assistance of Franciscan friars. Despite its short duration, this was one of the earliest Hungarian missionarydioceses.[3] According to Hungarian data, the Franciscans converted 200,000 people or a third of the region's population; although the figure is considered grossly overestimated and unrealistic, among the converted were certainly Ivan Sratsimir and his royal family.[2] That religious intolerance was reflected in the negative popular attitude towards the Hungarian overlordship, attested in a marginal note in an Orthodox religious book from the period: "This book was written by the sinful and unintelligent Dragan together with his brother Rayko in the days when the Hungarians ruled Vidin and it was great pain for the people at that time."[4]
Ivan Sratsimir's father, TsarIvan Alexander, ruler of Bulgaria at Tarnovo, could do nothing to stop the Hungarian invasion and his son's capture. Several years later, however, he took advantage of Byzantine EmperorJohn V Palaiologos' detention at Vidin and Count of SavoyAmadeus VI's campaign on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast to organize an Orthodox coalition and salvage Vidin. For joining the alliance, Ivan Alexander offered the Byzantine emperor the Black Sea ports south of Nesebar (Messembria); in return, however, John V had to pay 180,000 florins to Vladislav I Vlaicu, voivode of Wallachia. The Vlach voivode would, in return, seize Vidin and cede it to Ivan Alexander.[2]
End of the banateedit
In 1369, the Hungarian occupation of Vidin was brought to an end. Although the initial campaign was not entirely successful because the Hungarians seized the city back, the ensuing negotiations between the Kingdom of Hungary and Ivan Alexander's allies, Vladislav I Vlaicu and Dobrotitsa, the despot of the semi-independent DobrujanPrincipality of Karvuna, led to the return of the city to Bulgarian possession.[2] It is thought that Ivan Sratsimir was reinstalled as the region's ruler in the autumn of 1369.[5]
together with Ladislaus Kórógyi (1366–1368); also ispán of Temes (1366–1369), Krassó and Keve Counties (1366–1367). His deputy was his younger brother, Peter Himfi
^ abcTringli, István (1997). "Knight kings: the Anjou and Sigismund age in Hungary: Neighbouring countries and provinces". Encyclopaedia Humana Hungarica 03. Retrieved 2008-11-14. The part which was closer to Hungary belonged to the Bulgarian tsar of Vidin (Bodony). Louis the Great occupied this state in 1365, and till 1369 it was directed by a Hungarian governor, under the title of the ban of Bulgaria.
^Rácz, György (1997). "Knight kings: the Anjou and Sigismund age in Hungary: Church and society". Encyclopaedia Humana Hungarica 03. Retrieved 2008-11-14. The oldest Hungarian missionary bishopric was founded by Louis I in 1365 in Bodony (Vidin, Bulgaria), which had a very short life...
Божилов, Иван (1994). "Иван Срацимир, цар във Видин (1352/1353 — 1396)". Фамилията на Асеневци (1186–1460). Генеалогия и просопография (in Bulgarian). София: Българска академия на науките. ISBN954-430-264-6. OCLC 38087158.
(in Hungarian) Engel, Pál (1996). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, I. ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301–1457, Volume I"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. ISBN963-8312-44-0.
(in Hungarian) Markó, László (2006). A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig: Életrajzi Lexikon ("Great Officers of State in Hungary from King Saint Stephen to Our Days: A Biographical Encyclopedia"). 2nd edition, Helikon Kiadó. ISBN963-547-085-1
January 01, 1970
hungarian, occupation, vidin, period, history, city, region, vidin, hungarian, bodony, today, northwestern, bulgaria, when, called, banate, bulgaria, under, rule, king, louis, hungary, from, 1365, 1369, banate, bulgariabolgár, bánságbanatus, bulgariaebanate, k. The Hungarian occupation of Vidin was a period in the history of the city and region of Vidin Hungarian Bodony today in northwestern Bulgaria when it was called Banate of Bulgaria under the rule of King Louis I of Hungary from 1365 to 1369 1 Banate of BulgariaBolgar bansagBanatus BulgariaeBanate of the Kingdom of Hungary1365 1369CapitalBodonyHistory Established1365 Disestablished1369Preceded by Succeeded by Tsardom of Vidin Tsardom of VidinToday part ofBulgaria Contents 1 Brief war 2 Hungarian rule in Vidin 3 End of the banate 4 List of bans 5 References 6 BibliographyBrief war edit nbsp Baba Vida Vidin s medieval fortress Before 1359 1360 the former heir to the Bulgarian crown Ivan Sratsimir had established himself as the ruler of the Vidin appanage of the Second Bulgarian Empire and had turned it into a largely independent entity In early 1365 Louis I of Hungary who like his predecessors styled himself king of Bulgaria rex Bulgariae among other titles demanded that Ivan Sratsimir acknowledge his suzerainty and become his vassal After Sratsimir s refusal the Hungarian king undertook a campaign to conquer the Tsardom of Vidin On 1 May 1365 he set off from Hungary he reached Vidin on 30 May and captured the city on 2 June after a brief siege 2 Kommander of hungarian army palatine Nicholas Kont the condottiere Ulrich I count of Zilli Magister Stefan Sira Magister Georgi Zekul and some other Hungarian knights distinguished themselves in the campaign for the capture of Tsardom of Vidin The Hungarians took Ivan Sratsimir and his family captive and imprisoned them in the Humnik fortress in Bosiljevo Croatia Shortly afterwards the Hungarians seized the entire land of the Tsardom of Vidin known as Bodony in Hungarian 1 and turned it into a province of the Kingdom of Hungary governed by a ban 1 Initially the area was governed by Peter Himfi the Count of Pozsony and then by Denis Lackfi styled voivode of Transylvania governor of Vidin and ruler of the counties of Temes and Szolnok 2 Hungarian rule in Vidin editAfter establishing their administrative rule the Hungarians proceeded to convert the local Bulgarian Orthodox population to Roman Catholicism with the assistance of Franciscan friars Despite its short duration this was one of the earliest Hungarian missionary dioceses 3 According to Hungarian data the Franciscans converted 200 000 people or a third of the region s population although the figure is considered grossly overestimated and unrealistic among the converted were certainly Ivan Sratsimir and his royal family 2 That religious intolerance was reflected in the negative popular attitude towards the Hungarian overlordship attested in a marginal note in an Orthodox religious book from the period This book was written by the sinful and unintelligent Dragan together with his brother Rayko in the days when the Hungarians ruled Vidin and it was great pain for the people at that time 4 Ivan Sratsimir s father Tsar Ivan Alexander ruler of Bulgaria at Tarnovo could do nothing to stop the Hungarian invasion and his son s capture Several years later however he took advantage of Byzantine Emperor John V Palaiologos detention at Vidin and Count of Savoy Amadeus VI s campaign on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast to organize an Orthodox coalition and salvage Vidin For joining the alliance Ivan Alexander offered the Byzantine emperor the Black Sea ports south of Nesebar Messembria in return however John V had to pay 180 000 florins to Vladislav I Vlaicu voivode of Wallachia The Vlach voivode would in return seize Vidin and cede it to Ivan Alexander 2 End of the banate editIn 1369 the Hungarian occupation of Vidin was brought to an end Although the initial campaign was not entirely successful because the Hungarians seized the city back the ensuing negotiations between the Kingdom of Hungary and Ivan Alexander s allies Vladislav I Vlaicu and Dobrotitsa the despot of the semi independent Dobrujan Principality of Karvuna led to the return of the city to Bulgarian possession 2 It is thought that Ivan Sratsimir was reinstalled as the region s ruler in the autumn of 1369 5 List of bans editTerm Incumbent Notes Source 1365 1366 Emeric Lackfi captain of Vidin also Master of the Horse 1359 1367 castellan of Mihald and Karansebes castles 1365 1366 6 7 Denis Lackfi captain of Vidin also Voivode of Transylvania 1359 1367 and ispan of Temes County 1365 1367 6 8 1366 1369 Benedict Himfi together with Ladislaus Korogyi 1366 1368 also ispan of Temes 1366 1369 Krasso and Keve Counties 1366 1367 His deputy was his younger brother Peter Himfi 6 9 1366 1368 Ladislaus Korogyi together with Benedict Himfi 1366 1369 9 References edit a b c Tringli Istvan 1997 Knight kings the Anjou and Sigismund age in Hungary Neighbouring countries and provinces Encyclopaedia Humana Hungarica 03 Retrieved 2008 11 14 The part which was closer to Hungary belonged to the Bulgarian tsar of Vidin Bodony Louis the Great occupied this state in 1365 and till 1369 it was directed by a Hungarian governor under the title of the ban of Bulgaria a b c d e Bozhilov p 202 Racz Gyorgy 1997 Knight kings the Anjou and Sigismund age in Hungary Church and society Encyclopaedia Humana Hungarica 03 Retrieved 2008 11 14 The oldest Hungarian missionary bishopric was founded by Louis I in 1365 in Bodony Vidin Bulgaria which had a very short life Bozhilov p 209 note 61 Bozhilov p 203 a b c Engel 1996 p 34 Marko 2006 p 237 Marko 2006 p 412 a b Engel 1996 p 35 Bibliography editBozhilov Ivan 1994 Ivan Sracimir car vv Vidin 1352 1353 1396 Familiyata na Asenevci 1186 1460 Genealogiya i prosopografiya in Bulgarian Sofiya Blgarska akademiya na naukite ISBN 954 430 264 6 OCLC 38087158 in Hungarian Engel Pal 1996 Magyarorszag vilagi archontologiaja 1301 1457 I Secular Archontology of Hungary 1301 1457 Volume I Historia MTA Tortenettudomanyi Intezete Budapest ISBN 963 8312 44 0 in Hungarian Marko Laszlo 2006 A magyar allam fomeltosagai Szent Istvantol napjainkig Eletrajzi Lexikon Great Officers of State in Hungary from King Saint Stephen to Our Days A Biographical Encyclopedia 2nd edition Helikon Kiado ISBN 963 547 085 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hungarian occupation of Vidin amp oldid 1158719995, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
