Ulrich I (German: Ulrich von Cilli, Slovene: Ulrik Celjski; around 1331 – 1368), Count of Celje, was a Styrian nobleman and condottiere, who was head of the House of Celje between 1359 and 1368, together with his younger brother Hermann I. During his reign, the House of Celje became one of the most powerful noble houses in the territory of present-day Slovenia, and laid the basis for its expansion to neighboring Slavonia and Croatia in the next generation.[1] Ulrich's skills as a military commander are usually credited for the House of Celje's acceptance into the circles of the Central Europeanhigh nobility in the second half of the 14th century.[2][3] His life was immortalized in the poem Von graff Ulrichen von Tzili (On the Count Ulrich of Cilli) by the 14th century Austrian poet Peter Suchenwirt.[4]
Little is known of Ulrich's early life. He was the firstborn son of Frederick, first Count of Celje, and his wife Diemut Wallsee. Frederick had inherited the Celje Castle and the surrounding estates through his mother Catherine, daughter of the last Carinthian Count of Heunburg (Vovbre, in Slovene) and Agnes of Baden, the unsuccessful claimant to the Babenberg inheritance.
The Counts of Celje owed their success to the allegiance to the Habsburgs. Like his father before him, Ulrich served as the Landeshauptmann (governor) of the Habsburg Duchy of Carniola from 1362.
Ulrich served as a condottiere, a military contractor lending his services to more powerful lords. He began his military career as a teenager when he joined the expedition of Hungarian king Louis the Great against the Venetians in Dalmatia in 1346, participating in the unsuccessful siege of Zadar.[5] In 1348, he fought in the service of Louis V, Duke of Bavaria in Tyrol and in Brandenburg.[6]
Despite beginning his career fighting against John Henry of Moravia in Tyrol, Ulrich eventually established strong ties with the Luxembourg rulers of Bohemia and Germany: in 1354, he took part in the expedition of the Holy Emperor Charles IV to Italy.[7] Likewise, he had strong ties to Louis the Great of Hungary, fightzing on his side against Venice in 1354–55, in the siege of Treviso.[8] Between 1359 and 1365, he took part of his expeditions to Serbia, Bulgaria and Southern Italy.[9][10] In 1362-63, he fought on the side of the Habsburg duke Rudolf IV in Friuli and in Tyrol; in reward for his service, he was pawned with Kamnik in Carniola, and Žalec and Vojnik in Styria: the latter two would remain in the possession of his descendendants until the House of Cilli would die out in 1456.[11]
The connection with the Hungarian and Polish king Louis proved fruitful. Ulrich's younger brother Hermann married Catherine of Bosnia, king Louis's sister in law, while Ulrich's son William married Anna of Poland, the daughter of Casimir the Great, the last Piast king of Poland. These marriages elevated the Counts of Celje into the circles of Central European royalty. At the same time, the settlement was convenient for Louis the Great who succeeded Casimir as King of Poland: Casimir's daughter, who might have otherwise claimed the throne for her children, was married off to Louis's loyal junior ally far away from Poland, thus neutralizing a potential challenge to his legitimacy in a problematic succession.[12]
Marriage and issueedit
Ulrich married Adelaide of Ortenburg, daughter of the powerful Carinthian count of Ortenburg. The marriage strengthened the alliance between the two houses. Only one son, William, survived into adulthood from this union. He married Anna of Poland, and had one daughter, Anna of Celje, who would become Polish queen consort by her marriage to Vladislav II.
^Milko Kos. Zgodovina Slovencev od naselitve do reformacije. Ljubljana: Jugoslovanska knjigarna, 1933. P. 214.
^Čepič et al.: Zgodovina Slovencev. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, 1979. P. 216.
^Milko Kos, Srednjeveška zgodovina Slovencev (Ljubljana: 1985), p. 261
^Tomaž Lazar: Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik. Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012. P. 125.
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), pp. 125-26
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), p. 126
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), p. 126
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), p. 126
^Čepič et al.: Zgodovina Slovencev. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, 1979. Pp. 216-17.
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), p. 126
^Tomaž Lazar, Vitezi, najemniki in smodnik (Ljubljana: Viharnik, 2012), p. 127
^Peter Štih et al., eds, Spomini Helene Kottanner. Ljubljana, 1999
January 01, 1970
ulrich, count, celje, ulrich, german, ulrich, cilli, slovene, ulrik, celjski, around, 1331, 1368, count, celje, styrian, nobleman, condottiere, head, house, celje, between, 1359, 1368, together, with, younger, brother, hermann, during, reign, house, celje, bec. Ulrich I German Ulrich von Cilli Slovene Ulrik Celjski around 1331 1368 Count of Celje was a Styrian nobleman and condottiere who was head of the House of Celje between 1359 and 1368 together with his younger brother Hermann I During his reign the House of Celje became one of the most powerful noble houses in the territory of present day Slovenia and laid the basis for its expansion to neighboring Slavonia and Croatia in the next generation 1 Ulrich s skills as a military commander are usually credited for the House of Celje s acceptance into the circles of the Central European high nobility in the second half of the 14th century 2 3 His life was immortalized in the poem Von graff Ulrichen von Tzili On the Count Ulrich of Cilli by the 14th century Austrian poet Peter Suchenwirt 4 Ulrich I of CeljeUlrich s coat of armsCount of CeljeReign1359 60 1368PredecessorFrederick I of CeljeSuccessorHermann I of Celje and William of CeljeNoble familyHouse of CeljeSpouse s Adelaide of OrtenburgIssueWilliam of CeljeFatherFrederick IMotherDiemut of Walsee Contents 1 Life and achievements 2 Marriage and issue 3 Family tree 4 Ancestry 5 ReferencesLife and achievements editLittle is known of Ulrich s early life He was the firstborn son of Frederick first Count of Celje and his wife Diemut Wallsee Frederick had inherited the Celje Castle and the surrounding estates through his mother Catherine daughter of the last Carinthian Count of Heunburg Vovbre in Slovene and Agnes of Baden the unsuccessful claimant to the Babenberg inheritance The Counts of Celje owed their success to the allegiance to the Habsburgs Like his father before him Ulrich served as the Landeshauptmann governor of the Habsburg Duchy of Carniola from 1362 Ulrich served as a condottiere a military contractor lending his services to more powerful lords He began his military career as a teenager when he joined the expedition of Hungarian king Louis the Great against the Venetians in Dalmatia in 1346 participating in the unsuccessful siege of Zadar 5 In 1348 he fought in the service of Louis V Duke of Bavaria in Tyrol and in Brandenburg 6 Despite beginning his career fighting against John Henry of Moravia in Tyrol Ulrich eventually established strong ties with the Luxembourg rulers of Bohemia and Germany in 1354 he took part in the expedition of the Holy Emperor Charles IV to Italy 7 Likewise he had strong ties to Louis the Great of Hungary fightzing on his side against Venice in 1354 55 in the siege of Treviso 8 Between 1359 and 1365 he took part of his expeditions to Serbia Bulgaria and Southern Italy 9 10 In 1362 63 he fought on the side of the Habsburg duke Rudolf IV in Friuli and in Tyrol in reward for his service he was pawned with Kamnik in Carniola and Zalec and Vojnik in Styria the latter two would remain in the possession of his descendendants until the House of Cilli would die out in 1456 11 The connection with the Hungarian and Polish king Louis proved fruitful Ulrich s younger brother Hermann married Catherine of Bosnia king Louis s sister in law while Ulrich s son William married Anna of Poland the daughter of Casimir the Great the last Piast king of Poland These marriages elevated the Counts of Celje into the circles of Central European royalty At the same time the settlement was convenient for Louis the Great who succeeded Casimir as King of Poland Casimir s daughter who might have otherwise claimed the throne for her children was married off to Louis s loyal junior ally far away from Poland thus neutralizing a potential challenge to his legitimacy in a problematic succession 12 Marriage and issue editUlrich married Adelaide of Ortenburg daughter of the powerful Carinthian count of Ortenburg The marriage strengthened the alliance between the two houses Only one son William survived into adulthood from this union He married Anna of Poland and had one daughter Anna of Celje who would become Polish queen consort by her marriage to Vladislav II Family tree editUlrich of Sanneck Catherine of Heunburg Wladislaw I of PolandFrederick I of Celje Diemut of WalseeStephen II of Bosnia Casimir III of PolandUlrich I Count of CeljeHermann I of CeljeCatherine of BosniaElizabeth of Poland Charles I of Hungary Anna of PolandWilliam of CeljeHermann II of Celje Anna of SchaunbergElizabeth of BosniaLouis I of Hungaryand Poland Anna of CeljeWladyslaw II JagielloFrederick II of Celje Elizabeth of Frankopan2 Barbara of CeljeSigismund Holy Roman Emperor1 Mary of HungaryJadwiga of Poland Ulrich II Count of Celje Katarina Brankovic Elizabeth of Celje Matthias CorvinusAncestry editAncestors of Ulrich I Count of Celje8 Conrad I of Sanneck4 Ulrich of Sanneck9 Sophie of Pfannberg Peggau2 Frederick I of Celje10 Ulrich II of Heunburg5 Catherine of Heunburg11 Agnes of Baden1 Ulrich I Count of Celje12 Eberhard III of Walsee6 Ulrich I of Walsee Graz13 Adelaide of Waldburg3 Diemut of Wallsee14 Dietrich of Rohrau7 Diemut of Rohrau15 Diemut of FeldsburgReferences edit Milko Kos Zgodovina Slovencev od naselitve do reformacije Ljubljana Jugoslovanska knjigarna 1933 P 214 Cepic et al Zgodovina Slovencev Ljubljana Cankarjeva zalozba 1979 P 216 Milko Kos Srednjeveska zgodovina Slovencev Ljubljana 1985 p 261 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 P 125 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 pp 125 26 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 p 126 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 p 126 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 p 126 Cepic et al Zgodovina Slovencev Ljubljana Cankarjeva zalozba 1979 Pp 216 17 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 p 126 Tomaz Lazar Vitezi najemniki in smodnik Ljubljana Viharnik 2012 p 127 Peter Stih et al eds Spomini Helene Kottanner Ljubljana 1999 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ulrich I Count of Celje amp oldid 1223634558, wikipedia, wiki, book, 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