Dobrotitsa's ethnic origin is disputed, in consequence he is considered by some a Bulgarian[6] noble kindred of the Terter dynasty (from the CumanTerteroba clan),[7][8] to others a Vlach (mostly by Romanian historians),[9] and to others a Christianized Turk.[10] Venetian sources from the late 14th century refer to Dobrotitsa as a "despot of Bulgarians" (DESPOTUM BULGARORUM DOBROTICAM) and to his realm as "parts of Zagore (Bulgaria) subordinate to Dobrotitsa" (PARTES ZAGORAE SUBDITAS DOBROTICAE).[11]
In 1346, Dobrotitsa and his brother Theodore were sent along with 1,000 soldiers by the Dobrujan ruler Balik to help the Byzantine EmpressAnna of Savoy in the civil war against John VI Kantakouzenos, but were defeated by George Phakrases. The following year, after the death of Balik, he became the ruler of Dobruja. In 1348 Dobrotitsa took over the fortress of Midia and by 1356 managed to seize Kozyak (present-day Obzor) and Emona from the Byzantines.[12]
In 1366 Emperor Ivan Alexander refused to allow the Byzantine emperor John V Palaiologos, who was returning home from Hungary, passage through Bulgaria. In order to force the Bulgarians, a relative of John V, Count Amadeus VI of Savoy, then leading his own the Savoyard crusade, attacked the Bulgarian coastal towns. In the fall of the same year Amadeo's navy captured Anchialos, Mesembria, Emona and on 25 October he besieged the strong fortress Varna, where he was repulsed. As a result, Ivan Alexander gave the Byzantines safe conduct across Bulgaria and they kept the conquered towns.[13] In 1369 Dobrotitsa and Vladislav I of Wallachia helped Ivan Alexander to defeat the Hungarians and retake Vidin.[14] Out of gratitude, the Emperor gave Dobrotitsa Emona and Kozyak.[15] Later he built a navy in Varna which was engaged in actions as far as Trebizond. The Genoese manuscripts write that his navy was very strong albeit rather small and achieved successes against the Ottomans and Genoese.[2] He was succeeded by his son Ivanko in 1386.
The names of the region of Dobruja derives from the Turkish rendition of his name.[16] The city of Dobrich and two villages in northern Bulgaria are also named after him.
References
^John Kantakouzenos, Historiarum, II, p584-585, ed. Bonn
^ abM. Balard, Actes de Kilia du notaire Antonio di Ponzo, 1360 in Genes et l'Outre-Mer, II, Paris, 1980 . Archived from the original on 2007-03-05. Retrieved 2007-01-31.
^The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, John V. A. Fine, John Van Antwerp Fine, University of Michigan Press, 1994, ISBN0472082604, p. 367.
^Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365, István Vásáry, Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 78.
^At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Laurențiu Rădvan, BRILL, 2010, ISBN9004180109,P. 508.
^Васил Н. Златарски, История на българската държава през средните векове, Част I, II изд., Наука и изкуство, София 1970.
^Г. Бакалов, История на българите, Том 1, 2003, с457
^Nicolae Iorga, Notes d’un historien relatives aux événements des Balcans in Bulletin de la Section Historique de l'Academie Roumaine, Bucharest, 1913
^Halil Inalcik, Dobrudja in Encyclopedia of Islam, II, Leiden, 1991
^Васил Гюзелев, ed. (2001). Венециански документи за историята на България и българите от XII–XV в. (in Bulgarian). София: Главно управление на архивите при Министерския съвет. pp. 108, p. 136. ISBN954-08-0022-9.
^Георги Бакалов, История на България, "Есента, 1369 г."
^Гюзелев в. Средновековната крепост Калиакра, с.127
^Paul Wittek, Yazijioghlu 'Ali on the Christian Turks of the Dobruja in BSOAS, London, 1952
Sources
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dobrotitsa.
Васил Н. Златарски, История на българската държава през средните векове, Част I, II изд., Наука и изкуство, София 1970.
January 29, 2023
dobrotitsa, bulgarian, Добротица, pronounced, doˈbrɔtit, romanian, dobrotici, dobrotiță, Τομπροτίτζας, contemporaneous, byzantine, documents, dobrodicie, contemporaneous, genoese, documents, bulgarian, noble, ruler, facto, independent, principality, karvuna, k. Dobrotitsa Bulgarian Dobrotica pronounced doˈbrɔtit sɐ Romanian Dobrotici or Dobrotiță Tomprotitzas in contemporaneous Byzantine documents 1 Dobrodicie in contemporaneous Genoese documents 2 was a Bulgarian noble ruler of the de facto independent Principality of Karvuna and the Kaliakra fortress from 1354 to 1379 1386 3 4 5 DobrotitsaMonument to Dobrotitsa in Dobrich Bulgaria Despot of DobrujaReign1347 1386PredecessorBalikSuccessorIvankoBorn14th centuryDied1386IssueIvankoDobrotitsa s ethnic origin is disputed in consequence he is considered by some a Bulgarian 6 noble kindred of the Terter dynasty from the Cuman Terteroba clan 7 8 to others a Vlach mostly by Romanian historians 9 and to others a Christianized Turk 10 Venetian sources from the late 14th century refer to Dobrotitsa as a despot of Bulgarians DESPOTUM BULGARORUM DOBROTICAM and to his realm as parts of Zagore Bulgaria subordinate to Dobrotitsa PARTES ZAGORAE SUBDITAS DOBROTICAE 11 In 1346 Dobrotitsa and his brother Theodore were sent along with 1 000 soldiers by the Dobrujan ruler Balik to help the Byzantine Empress Anna of Savoy in the civil war against John VI Kantakouzenos but were defeated by George Phakrases The following year after the death of Balik he became the ruler of Dobruja In 1348 Dobrotitsa took over the fortress of Midia and by 1356 managed to seize Kozyak present day Obzor and Emona from the Byzantines 12 In 1366 Emperor Ivan Alexander refused to allow the Byzantine emperor John V Palaiologos who was returning home from Hungary passage through Bulgaria In order to force the Bulgarians a relative of John V Count Amadeus VI of Savoy then leading his own the Savoyard crusade attacked the Bulgarian coastal towns In the fall of the same year Amadeo s navy captured Anchialos Mesembria Emona and on 25 October he besieged the strong fortress Varna where he was repulsed As a result Ivan Alexander gave the Byzantines safe conduct across Bulgaria and they kept the conquered towns 13 In 1369 Dobrotitsa and Vladislav I of Wallachia helped Ivan Alexander to defeat the Hungarians and retake Vidin 14 Out of gratitude the Emperor gave Dobrotitsa Emona and Kozyak 15 Later he built a navy in Varna which was engaged in actions as far as Trebizond The Genoese manuscripts write that his navy was very strong albeit rather small and achieved successes against the Ottomans and Genoese 2 He was succeeded by his son Ivanko in 1386 The names of the region of Dobruja derives from the Turkish rendition of his name 16 The city of Dobrich and two villages in northern Bulgaria are also named after him References Edit John Kantakouzenos Historiarum II p584 585 ed Bonn a b M Balard Actes de Kilia du notaire Antonio di Ponzo 1360 in Genes et l Outre Mer II Paris 1980 Chilia 1360 despre Dobrotici Archived from the original on 2007 03 05 Retrieved 2007 01 31 The Late Medieval Balkans A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest John V A Fine John Van Antwerp Fine University of Michigan Press 1994 ISBN 0472082604 p 367 Cumans and Tatars Oriental Military in the Pre Ottoman Balkans 1185 1365 Istvan Vasary Cambridge University Press 2005 p 78 At Europe s Borders Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities Laurențiu Rădvan BRILL 2010 ISBN 9004180109 P 508 Vasil N Zlatarski Istoriya na blgarskata drzhava prez srednite vekove Chast I II izd Nauka i izkustvo Sofiya 1970 G Bakalov Istoriya na blgarite Tom 1 2003 s457 Petr Nikolov Skvirskite knyaze Polovci Rozhinovski klon na dinastiyata Terter online retrieved 03 24 2007 Nicolae Iorga Notes d un historien relatives aux evenements des Balcans in Bulletin de la Section Historique de l Academie Roumaine Bucharest 1913 Halil Inalcik Dobrudja in Encyclopedia of Islam II Leiden 1991 Vasil Gyuzelev ed 2001 Venecianski dokumenti za istoriyata na Blgariya i blgarite ot XII XV v in Bulgarian Sofiya Glavno upravlenie na arhivite pri Ministerskiya svet pp 108 p 136 ISBN 954 08 0022 9 Ioannes Cantacuzenus Historiarum II p384 sq Fine Late Medieval Balkans p 367 Georgi Bakalov Istoriya na Blgariya Esenta 1369 g Gyuzelev v Srednovekovnata krepost Kaliakra s 127 Paul Wittek Yazijioghlu Ali on the Christian Turks of the Dobruja in BSOAS London 1952Sources Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dobrotitsa Vasil N Zlatarski Istoriya na blgarskata drzhava prez srednite vekove Chast I II izd Nauka i izkustvo Sofiya 1970 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dobrotitsa amp oldid 1106165331, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
