Haidomyrmecinae, occasionally called hell ants, are an extinctsubfamily of ants (Formicidae) known from Cretaceous fossils found in ambers of North America, Europe, and Asia, spanning the late Albian to Campanian, around 100 to 79 million years ago. The subfamily was first proposed in 2003, but had been subsequently treated as the tribe Haidomyrmecini and placed in the extinct ant subfamily Sphecomyrminae. Reevaluation of the Haidomyrmecini in 2020 lead to the elevation of the group back to subfamily. The family contains the nine genera and 13 species.[1]
Members of this family are highly distinct from all other ants, having diverse head ornamentation, and unusually shaped, extended mandibles that articulated vertically rather than horizontally as in modern ants. The jaws in combination with the head ornamentation served to restrain prey, with most species having setae (hair-like structures) covering parts of the head, which likely functioned as triggers to rapidly close the jaw when disturbed, similar to those of modern trap-jaw ants. Fossils indicate that haidomyrmecines were able to take prey solitarily.[2] Like modern ants, they were eusocial, with distinct worker and queen castes,[2] likely with relatively small colony sizes.[3] Due to their lack of metabolic stores, it is likely that the queens engaged in hunting during the initial foundation of the nest.[4] Haidomymecines are thought to be amongst the most basal and earliest diverging group of ants known.[1]
Including the type genus Haidomyrmex, the subfamily contains 10 genera and 14 species.
The vast majority of species are known from Burmese amber, which dates to the mid-Cretaceous, around 100 million years ago. Other species are known from French amber of equivalent age, as well as the Canadian amber of Alberta, Canada, which dates to around 80 million years ago.
^ abPerrichot, V.; Wang, B.; Barden, P. (2020). "New remarkable hell ants (Formicidae: Haidomyrmecinae stat. nov.) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar" (PDF). Cretaceous Research. 109: 104381. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104381.
^ abBarden, Phillip; Perrichot, Vincent; Wang, Bo (October 2020). "Specialized Predation Drives Aberrant Morphological Integration and Diversity in the Earliest Ants". Current Biology. 30 (19): 3818–3824.e4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.106. PMID 32763171.
^Perrichot, Vincent; Wang, Bo; Engel, Michael S. (June 2016). "Extreme Morphogenesis and Ecological Specialization among Cretaceous Basal Ants". Current Biology. 26 (11): 1468–1472. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.075. PMID 27238278.
^Barden, Phillip; Grimaldi, David A. (February 2016). "Adaptive Radiation in Socially Advanced Stem-Group Ants from the Cretaceous". Current Biology. 26 (4): 515–521. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.12.060. PMID 26877084.
haidomyrmecinae, occasionally, called, hell, ants, extinct, subfamily, ants, formicidae, known, from, cretaceous, fossils, found, ambers, north, america, europe, asia, spanning, late, albian, campanian, around, million, years, subfamily, first, proposed, 2003,. Haidomyrmecinae occasionally called hell ants are an extinct subfamily of ants Formicidae known from Cretaceous fossils found in ambers of North America Europe and Asia spanning the late Albian to Campanian around 100 to 79 million years ago The subfamily was first proposed in 2003 but had been subsequently treated as the tribe Haidomyrmecini and placed in the extinct ant subfamily Sphecomyrminae Reevaluation of the Haidomyrmecini in 2020 lead to the elevation of the group back to subfamily The family contains the nine genera and 13 species 1 HaidomyrmecinaeTemporal range Late Albian Campanian 100 79 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NDhagnathos autokratorScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder HymenopteraFamily FormicidaeSubfamily HaidomyrmecinaeBolton 2003Type genus HaidomyrmexGeneraSee textSynonymsHaidomyrmeciniMembers of this family are highly distinct from all other ants having diverse head ornamentation and unusually shaped extended mandibles that articulated vertically rather than horizontally as in modern ants The jaws in combination with the head ornamentation served to restrain prey with most species having setae hair like structures covering parts of the head which likely functioned as triggers to rapidly close the jaw when disturbed similar to those of modern trap jaw ants Fossils indicate that haidomyrmecines were able to take prey solitarily 2 Like modern ants they were eusocial with distinct worker and queen castes 2 likely with relatively small colony sizes 3 Due to their lack of metabolic stores it is likely that the queens engaged in hunting during the initial foundation of the nest 4 Haidomymecines are thought to be amongst the most basal and earliest diverging group of ants known 1 Genera edit nbsp Aquilomyrmex huangi nbsp Haidomyrmex zigrasiIncluding the type genus Haidomyrmex the subfamily contains 10 genera and 14 species The vast majority of species are known from Burmese amber which dates to the mid Cretaceous around 100 million years ago Other species are known from French amber of equivalent age as well as the Canadian amber of Alberta Canada which dates to around 80 million years ago Aquilomyrmex Perrichot et al 2020 A huangi Perrichot et al 2020 Ceratomyrmex Perrichot Wang amp Engel 2016 Ce ellenbergeri Perrichot Wang amp Engel 2016 Chonidris Perrichot et al 2020 Ch insolita Perrichot et al 2020 Dhagnathos Perrichot et al 2020 Dh autokrator Perrichot et al 2020 Dilobops Lattke amp Melo 2020 Di bidentata Lattke amp Melo 2020 Haidomyrmex Dlussky 1996 Hx cerberus Dlussky 1996 Hx scimitarus Barden amp Grimaldi 2012 Hx zigrasi Barden amp Grimaldi 2012 Haidomyrmodes Perrichot et al 2008 Hs mammuthus Perrichot et al 2008 Haidoterminus McKellar Glasier amp Engel 2013 Ht cippus McKellar Glasier amp Engel 2013 Linguamyrmex Barden amp Grimaldi 2017 L brevicornis Perrichot et al 2020 L rhinocerus Miao amp Wang 2019 L vladi Barden amp Grimaldi 2017 Protoceratomyrmex Perrichot et al 2020 P revelatus Perrichot et al 2020 Haidomyrmecinae species heads nbsp Aquilomyrmex huangi nbsp Ceratomyrmex ellenbergeri nbsp Chonidris insolita nbsp Dhagnathos autokrator nbsp Dilobops bidentata nbsp Haidomyrmex cerberus nbsp Haidomyrmodes mammuthus nbsp Haidoterminus cippus nbsp Linguamyrmex vladi nbsp Protoceratomyrmex revelatusReferences edit a b Perrichot V Wang B Barden P 2020 New remarkable hell ants Formicidae Haidomyrmecinae stat nov from mid Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar PDF Cretaceous Research 109 104381 doi 10 1016 j cretres 2020 104381 a b Barden Phillip Perrichot Vincent Wang Bo October 2020 Specialized Predation Drives Aberrant Morphological Integration and Diversity in the Earliest Ants Current Biology 30 19 3818 3824 e4 doi 10 1016 j cub 2020 06 106 PMID 32763171 Perrichot Vincent Wang Bo Engel Michael S June 2016 Extreme Morphogenesis and Ecological Specialization among Cretaceous Basal Ants Current Biology 26 11 1468 1472 doi 10 1016 j cub 2016 03 075 PMID 27238278 Barden Phillip Grimaldi David A February 2016 Adaptive Radiation in Socially Advanced Stem Group Ants from the Cretaceous Current Biology 26 4 515 521 doi 10 1016 j cub 2015 12 060 PMID 26877084 External links editThe Reign of the Hell Ants PBS Eons Jan 21 2021 nbsp This ant related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This Cretaceous insect related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Haidomyrmecinae amp oldid 1176247748, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
