The Generality Lands, Lands of the Generality or Common Lands (Dutch: Generaliteitslanden) were about one fifth of the territories of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, that were directly governed by the States-General. Unlike the seven provinces of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, Overijssel, Friesland and Groningen, these territories had no States-Provincial and were not represented in the central government. At the time of the Union of Utrecht, these territories were under Spanish control, and would only be conquered by the Dutch Republic later in the war. From an economic point of view, they were exploited with heavy taxes and levies. As one author puts it:
"Back in the Dutch lap, these so-called Generality lands were for a long time governed as a sort of internal colonies, in which Catholics were seen as second-class citizens."[1]
Historyedit
The Dutch Republic 1715–1785.
Generality Lands
In the latter years of the Eighty Years' War the Generality Lands came under control of the Dutch Republic, and this situation was consolidated by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. Most of the territories had no provincial government because they were cut off from their original governments, which remained under Spanish rule. In contrast to the northern seven provinces, the population of the Generality Lands was overwhelmingly Roman Catholic. The prefixStaats- indicates that this part of the province was under general States rule, as a dependent territory. For both the Generality Lands and the Dutch colonies, sovereignty was claimed by the Generality on the basis right of conquest.
Brabant of the States (Staats-Brabant): the northern part of the Duchy of Brabant, most of the present province of North Brabant
Overmaas of the States (Staats-Overmaas): the Landen van Overmaas [nl] – several small territories between Maastricht, Liège and Aachen, including the County of Dalhem [nl] (Dalhem), Valkenburg Land [nl] (Valkenburg) and the Herzogenrath Land [nl] (Hertogenrade). The city of Maastricht was a condominium of the United Provinces and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. Overmaas literally means "beyond the Meuse" or "Trans-Meuse" (from the perspective of Brussels). The 19th century term "Staats-Limburg", invented for nationalistic reasons, is historically and geographically incorrect.
Westerwolde and Wedde: what is now the southeastern part of the province of Groningen was a generality land between 1594 and 1619, after which it became part of that province.
After the French occupation of the Southern Netherlands and the proclamation of the Batavian Republic in 1795 the Generality Lands ceased to exist. Staats-Brabant became a département in the Batavian Republic (Bataafs-Brabant). Staats-Vlaanderen became part of the French départementEscaut. Staats-Overmaas and Staats-Opper-Gelre became parts of the French départements of Roer and Meuse-Inférieure.
When French rule ended and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands began, the former Generality lands were folded into the provinces. Bataafs-Brabant was merged with a number of formerly semi-independent Holy Romanfiefs and part of the province of Holland to become the province of North Brabant; Staats-Vlaanderen was incorporated into the province of Zeeland; and most parts of Staats-Opper-Gelre and Staats-Overmaas were merged with territories gained from Prussia to form the province of Limburg, with the rest going to Prussia.
Territories of the Dutch Republic outside Europe were also under general States rule, for example Staten Island in present-day New York City. New Zealand was also originally called Staten Landt after its Dutch discovery.
Referencesedit
^Josse de Voogd, Zicht op verschil. Een verkenning naar stemgedrag en ruimte in Nederland, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties in samenwerking met Telos, Brabants centrum voor duurzame ontwikkeling, oktober 2017
January 19, 2024
generality, lands, history, countriesfrisii, belgaecana, nefates, chamavi, tubantes, gallia, belgica, germania, inferior, salian, franks, bataviunpopulated, saxons, salian, franks, frisian, kingdom, frankish, kingdom, carolingian, empire, austrasia, middle, fr. History of the Low CountriesFrisii BelgaeCana nefates Chamavi Tubantes Gallia Belgica 55 BC c 5th AD Germania Inferior 83 c 5th Salian Franks Bataviunpopulated 4th c 5th Saxons Salian Franks 4th c 5th Frisian Kingdom c 6th 734 Frankish Kingdom 481 843 Carolingian Empire 800 843 Austrasia 511 687 Middle Francia 843 855 WestFrancia 843 Kingdom of Lotharingia 855 959 Duchy of Lower Lorraine 959 FrisiaFrisianFreedom 11 16thcentury County ofHolland 880 1432 Bishopric of Utrecht 695 1456 Duchy ofBrabant 1183 1430 Duchy ofGuelders 1046 1543 County ofFlanders 862 1384 County ofHainaut 1071 1432 County ofNamur 981 1421 P Bish of Liege 980 1794 Duchy ofLuxem bourg 1059 1443 Burgundian Netherlands 1384 1482 Habsburg Netherlands 1482 1795 Seventeen Provinces after 1543 Dutch Republic 1581 1795 Spanish Netherlands 1556 1714 Austrian Netherlands 1714 1795 United States of Belgium 1790 R Liege 1789 91 Batavian Republic 1795 1806 Kingdom of Holland 1806 1810 associated with French First Republic 1795 1804 part of First French Empire 1804 1815 Princip of the Netherlands 1813 1815 Kingdom of the Netherlands 1815 1830 Gr D L 1815 Kingdom of the Netherlands 1839 Kingdom of Belgium 1830 Gr D ofLuxem bourg 1890 This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Generality Lands news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Generality Lands Lands of the Generality or Common Lands Dutch Generaliteitslanden were about one fifth of the territories of the United Provinces of the Netherlands that were directly governed by the States General Unlike the seven provinces of Holland Zeeland Utrecht Guelders Overijssel Friesland and Groningen these territories had no States Provincial and were not represented in the central government At the time of the Union of Utrecht these territories were under Spanish control and would only be conquered by the Dutch Republic later in the war From an economic point of view they were exploited with heavy taxes and levies As one author puts it Back in the Dutch lap these so called Generality lands were for a long time governed as a sort of internal colonies in which Catholics were seen as second class citizens 1 History edit nbsp The Dutch Republic 1715 1785 Generality LandsIn the latter years of the Eighty Years War the Generality Lands came under control of the Dutch Republic and this situation was consolidated by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 Most of the territories had no provincial government because they were cut off from their original governments which remained under Spanish rule In contrast to the northern seven provinces the population of the Generality Lands was overwhelmingly Roman Catholic The prefix Staats indicates that this part of the province was under general States rule as a dependent territory For both the Generality Lands and the Dutch colonies sovereignty was claimed by the Generality on the basis right of conquest Brabant of the States Staats Brabant the northern part of the Duchy of Brabant most of the present province of North Brabant Flanders of the States Staats Vlaanderen the northern part of the County of Flanders present Zeelandic Flanders and nowadays part of the province of Zeeland Overmaas of the States Staats Overmaas the Landen van Overmaas nl several small territories between Maastricht Liege and Aachen including the County of Dalhem nl Dalhem Valkenburg Land nl Valkenburg and the Herzogenrath Land nl Hertogenrade The city of Maastricht was a condominium of the United Provinces and the Prince Bishopric of Liege Overmaas literally means beyond the Meuse or Trans Meuse from the perspective of Brussels The 19th century term Staats Limburg invented for nationalistic reasons is historically and geographically incorrect Upper Guelders of the States Staats Opper Gelre as a result of the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 a part of Spanish Guelders including Venlo and Echt was ceded to the United Provinces while another part went to Prussia and a small part around Roermond was left for the Austrian duchy of Guelders Westerwolde and Wedde what is now the southeastern part of the province of Groningen was a generality land between 1594 and 1619 after which it became part of that province After the French occupation of the Southern Netherlands and the proclamation of the Batavian Republic in 1795 the Generality Lands ceased to exist Staats Brabant became a departement in the Batavian Republic Bataafs Brabant Staats Vlaanderen became part of the French departement Escaut Staats Overmaas and Staats Opper Gelre became parts of the French departements of Roer and Meuse Inferieure When French rule ended and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands began the former Generality lands were folded into the provinces Bataafs Brabant was merged with a number of formerly semi independent Holy Roman fiefs and part of the province of Holland to become the province of North Brabant Staats Vlaanderen was incorporated into the province of Zeeland and most parts of Staats Opper Gelre and Staats Overmaas were merged with territories gained from Prussia to form the province of Limburg with the rest going to Prussia Territories of the Dutch Republic outside Europe were also under general States rule for example Staten Island in present day New York City New Zealand was also originally called Staten Landt after its Dutch discovery References edit Josse de Voogd Zicht op verschil Een verkenning naar stemgedrag en ruimte in Nederland Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties in samenwerking met Telos Brabants centrum voor duurzame ontwikkeling oktober 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Generality Lands amp oldid 1163984664, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
