"Tikling" redirects here. For the other species referred to by this name, see Barred rail.
The buff-banded rail (Hypotaenidia philippensis) is a distinctively coloured, highly dispersive, medium-sized rail of the rail family, Rallidae. This species comprises several subspecies found throughout much of Australasia and the south-west Pacific region, including the Philippines (where it is known as tikling), New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand (where it is known as the banded rail, or moho-pererū in Māori),[2] and numerous smaller islands, covering a range of latitudes from the tropics to the subantarctic.
In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson described and illustrated the buff-banded rail in his multi-volume Ornithologie based on a specimen collected in the Philippines. He used the French name Le rasle rayé des Philippines and the Latin name Rallus Philippensis Striatus.[3] Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.[4] When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson in his Ornithologie.[4] One of these was the buff-banded rail. Linnaeus included a terse description, coined the binomial nameRallus philippensis and cited Brisson's work.[5] The buff-banded rail was formerly placed in the genus Gallirallus but is now placed in the genus Hypotaenidia that was introduced in 1853 by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach.[6]
Subspeciesedit
Numerous subspecies are recognised for the buff-banded rail because of repeated dispersion of birds to islands in the Pacific, often followed by founder effects and reduced potential for gene flow.[7] The weka in New Zealand evolved from a lineage with common ancestry to modern buff-tailed banded rail populations, and has changed over time to become flightless.
It is a largely terrestrial bird the size of a small domestic chicken, with mainly brown upperparts, finely banded black and white underparts, a white eyebrow, chestnut band running from the bill round the nape, with a buff band on the breast. It utilises a range of moist or wetland habitats with low, dense vegetation for cover. It is usually quite shy but may become very tame and bold in some circumstances, such as in island resorts within the Great Barrier Reef region.[8]
Behaviour and ecologyedit
The buff-banded rail is an omnivorousscavenger which feeds on a range of terrestrial invertebrates and small vertebrates, seeds, fallen fruit and other vegetable matter, as well as carrion and refuse. Its nest is usually situated in dense grassy or reedy vegetation close to water, with a clutch size of 3–4. Although some island populations may be threatened, or even exterminated, by introduced predators, the species as a whole appears to be safe and its conservation status is considered to be of Least Concern.[9]
^BirdLife International (2016). "Hypotaenidia philippensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22692425A93353232. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692425A93353232.en.
^Hugh Robertson, Barrie Heather (Author), & Derek Onley. (2005) The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand Revised edition, Viking.
^Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (in French and Latin). Vol. 5. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp. 163–167, Plate 14 fig 1. The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates that Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen.
^ abAllen, J.A. (1910). "Collation of Brisson's genera of birds with those of Linnaeus". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 28: 317–335. hdl:2246/678.
^Linnaeus, Carl (1766). Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (12th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 263.
^ abGill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Flufftails, finfoots, rails, trumpeters, cranes, limpkin". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
^Garcia-R., Juan C.; Joseph, Leo; Adcock, Greg; Reid, Julian; Trewick, Steven A. (2017). "Interisland gene flow among populations of the buff-banded rail (Aves: Rallidae) and its implications for insular endemism in Oceania". Journal of Avian Biology. 48 (5): 679–690. doi:10.1111/jav.01201.
^Marchant, S.; Higgins, P.J., eds. (1993). "Gallirallus philippensis Buff-banded rail" (PDF). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Vol. 2, Raptors to lapwings. Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. pp. 495–506, Plate 40. ISBN978-0-19-553069-8.
^BirdLife International. (2006). Species factsheet: Gallirallus philippensis. Downloaded . Archived from the original on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 10 December 2012. on 25 October 2006
External linksedit
Media related to Gallirallus philippensis at Wikimedia Commons
May 08, 2024
buff, banded, rail, tikling, redirects, here, other, species, referred, this, name, barred, rail, buff, banded, rail, hypotaenidia, philippensis, distinctively, coloured, highly, dispersive, medium, sized, rail, rail, family, rallidae, this, species, comprises. Tikling redirects here For the other species referred to by this name see Barred rail The buff banded rail Hypotaenidia philippensis is a distinctively coloured highly dispersive medium sized rail of the rail family Rallidae This species comprises several subspecies found throughout much of Australasia and the south west Pacific region including the Philippines where it is known as tikling New Guinea Australia New Zealand where it is known as the banded rail or moho pereru in Maori 2 and numerous smaller islands covering a range of latitudes from the tropics to the subantarctic Buff banded rail Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Gruiformes Family Rallidae Genus Hypotaenidia Species H philippensis Binomial name Hypotaenidia philippensis Linnaeus 1766 Synonyms Rallus philippensis Linnaeus 1766 protonym Hypotaenidia philippensis Linnaeus 1766 Gallirallus sharpei Buttikofer 1893 Contents 1 Taxonomy 1 1 Subspecies 2 Description 3 Behaviour and ecology 4 Gallery and media 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksTaxonomy editIn 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson described and illustrated the buff banded rail in his multi volume Ornithologie based on a specimen collected in the Philippines He used the French name Le rasle raye des Philippines and the Latin name Rallus Philippensis Striatus 3 Although Brisson coined Latin names these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 4 When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson in his Ornithologie 4 One of these was the buff banded rail Linnaeus included a terse description coined the binomial name Rallus philippensis and cited Brisson s work 5 The buff banded rail was formerly placed in the genus Gallirallus but is now placed in the genus Hypotaenidia that was introduced in 1853 by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach 6 Subspecies edit Numerous subspecies are recognised for the buff banded rail because of repeated dispersion of birds to islands in the Pacific often followed by founder effects and reduced potential for gene flow 7 The weka in New Zealand evolved from a lineage with common ancestry to modern buff tailed banded rail populations and has changed over time to become flightless Twenty subspecies are recognised 6 H p andrewsi Mathews 1911 Cocos Islands southeast Indian Ocean H p xerophila van Bemmel amp Hoogerwerf 1940 Gunungapi Wetar Banda Sea H p wilkinsoni Mathews 1911 Flores central Lesser Sunda Islands H p philippensis Linnaeus 1766 Philippines except Palawan and Zamboanga Peninsula through Sulu Archipelago Borneo Sulawesi and satellites Bali and Lesser Sunda Islands H p pelewensis Mayr 1933 Palau west Caroline Islands west Micronesia H p anachoretae Mayr 1949 Kaniet Islands northwest of Manus Island Admiralty Islands northwest Bismarck Archipelago H p admiralitatis Stresemann 1929 Admiralty Islands northwest Bismarck Archipelago H p praedo Mayr 1949 Skoki Admiralty Islands northwest Bismarck Archipelago H p lesouefi Mathews 1911 New Hanover Island New Ireland Tabar and Tanga northeast Bismarck Archipelago H p meyeri Hartert EJO 1930 Witu and New Britain southeast Bismarck Archipelago H p christophori Mayr 1938 Solomon Islands H p sethsmithi Mathews 1911 Vanuatu and Fiji probably extinct Viti Levu and Vanua Levu southwest Polynesia H p swindellsi Mathews 1911 New Caledonia including Loyalty Islands H p goodsoni Mathews 1911 Samoa and Niue central south Polynesia H p ecaudata Miller JF 1783 Tonga central south Polynesia H p assimilis Gray GR 1843 north North north South and satellites of Stewart is New Zealand H p macquariensis Hutton FW 1879 Macquarie Island far southeast of Australia H p lacustris Mayr 1938 northwest northeast central southeast New Guinea and Long Island north of northeast New Guinea H p tounelieri Schodde amp Naurois 1982 Coral Sea Islands southeast New Guinea to north New Caledonia H p mellori Mathews 1912 Moluccas northwest south New Guinea Australia except central Tasmania and Norfolk Island far east of Australia Description edit nbsp Painting by John Gould It is a largely terrestrial bird the size of a small domestic chicken with mainly brown upperparts finely banded black and white underparts a white eyebrow chestnut band running from the bill round the nape with a buff band on the breast It utilises a range of moist or wetland habitats with low dense vegetation for cover It is usually quite shy but may become very tame and bold in some circumstances such as in island resorts within the Great Barrier Reef region 8 Behaviour and ecology editThe buff banded rail is an omnivorous scavenger which feeds on a range of terrestrial invertebrates and small vertebrates seeds fallen fruit and other vegetable matter as well as carrion and refuse Its nest is usually situated in dense grassy or reedy vegetation close to water with a clutch size of 3 4 Although some island populations may be threatened or even exterminated by introduced predators the species as a whole appears to be safe and its conservation status is considered to be of Least Concern 9 Gallery and media edit source source source source Lady Elliot Island Qld Australia nbsp G p ecaudata Fafa island Tonga nbsp G p mellori Adelaide nbsp Extinct Caroline Islands rail Porzana monasa left with G philippensis nbsp Eggs preserved in the MHNTSee also edit nbsp Birds portal nbsp New Zealand portal nbsp Oceania portal nbsp Philippines portalReferences edit BirdLife International 2016 Hypotaenidia philippensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22692425A93353232 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22692425A93353232 en Hugh Robertson Barrie Heather Author amp Derek Onley 2005 The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand Revised edition Viking Brisson Mathurin Jacques 1760 Ornithologie ou Methode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres Sections Genres Especes amp leurs Varietes in French and Latin Vol 5 Paris Jean Baptiste Bauche pp 163 167 Plate 14 fig 1 The two stars at the start of the section indicates that Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen a b Allen J A 1910 Collation of Brisson s genera of birds with those of Linnaeus Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28 317 335 hdl 2246 678 Linnaeus Carl 1766 Systema naturae per regna tria natura secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus differentiis synonymis locis in Latin Vol 1 Part 1 12th ed Holmiae Stockholm Laurentii Salvii p 263 a b Gill Frank Donsker David Rasmussen Pamela eds July 2023 Flufftails finfoots rails trumpeters cranes limpkin IOC World Bird List Version 13 2 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 29 December 2023 Garcia R Juan C Joseph Leo Adcock Greg Reid Julian Trewick Steven A 2017 Interisland gene flow among populations of the buff banded rail Aves Rallidae and its implications for insular endemism in Oceania Journal of Avian Biology 48 5 679 690 doi 10 1111 jav 01201 Marchant S Higgins P J eds 1993 Gallirallus philippensis Buff banded rail PDF Handbook of Australian New Zealand amp Antarctic Birds Vol 2 Raptors to lapwings Melbourne Victoria Oxford University Press pp 495 506 Plate 40 ISBN 978 0 19 553069 8 BirdLife International 2006 Species factsheet Gallirallus philippensis Downloaded BirdLife International conserving the world s birds Archived from the original on 10 July 2007 Retrieved 10 December 2012 on 25 October 2006External links edit nbsp Media related to Gallirallus philippensis at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Buff banded rail amp oldid 1197235846, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
