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Eudocimus

January 01, 1970

Eudocimus is a genus of ibises, wading birds of the family Threskiornithidae. They occur in the warmer parts of the New World with representatives from the southern United States south through Central America, the West Indies, and South America.

Eudocimus
Scarlet ibis
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Pelecaniformes
Family: Threskiornithidae
Subfamily: Threskiornithinae
Genus: Eudocimus
Wagler, 1832
Type species
Scolopax rubra[1]
Linnaeus, 1758
Species

E. albus
E. ruber

Range of American white ibis (pale blue), scarlet ibis (orange), both (brown)

Taxonomy and Systematics edit

The genus Eudocimus appears to be most closely related to (but more primitive than) Plegadis, the latter distinguished anatomically by the conformation of the tarsometatarsus. The fossil record is poor, but the Early Miocene fossil species Plegadis paganus has some intermediate features.[2] It has two foramina in the intertrochlear groove of its distal tarsometatarsus, as do Plegadis in contrast to the single foramen of Eudocimus and many other bird species. The derived nature of this species indicates ibises belonging to Eudocimus were already in existence at this time.[3]

A 2010 study of mitochondrial DNA of the spoonbills by Chesser and colleagues, which included E. ruber, Nipponia nippon and Threskiornis aethiopicus found that E. ruber was an early offshoot and not closely related to a clade containing the spoonbills and Old World ibises.[4]

Remains similar to E. albus have been found in Middle Pliocene deposits of the Bone Valley formation in central Florida, and Lower Pliocene deposits of the Yorktown Formation at Lee Creek in North Carolina.[3] Two species, one living and one extinct, have been recovered from the Talara Tar Seeps in northern coastal Peru. Eudocimus peruvianus was described from a tarsometatarsus that differed slightly from E. albus, whose remains were also found there. Remains of neither species are common in the beds. The tar seeps have been dated at 13,900 years old. The American white ibis is still found in Peru.[5]

Species edit

There are just two living species in this genus,

Genus Eudocimus – Wagler, 1832 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
American white ibis

 

Eudocimus albus
(Linnaeus, 1758) 		Atlantic coast, from the Carolinas south to Florida and thence west along the Gulf Coast, through the Caribbean to northern South America, and along the Pacific coast from Mexico to Peru
  		Size:

Habitat:

Diet: 		 LC 


Scarlet ibis

 

Eudocimus ruber
(Linnaeus, 1758) 		Atlantic coast of South America from southeast Brazil to Colombia, as well as inland in the Orinoco basin, and the islands of the Netherlands Antilles, and Trinidad and Tobago
  		Size:

Habitat:

Diet: 		 LC 


The two species hybridize, and are sometimes considered conspecific.

Description edit

These birds are found in marshy wetlands, often near coasts. They build stick nests in trees or bushes over water, and a typical clutch is two to five eggs. Eudocimus ibises are monogamous and colonial, often nesting in mixed colonies with other wading species.

Adults are 56–61 cm long with an 85–95 cm wingspan. They have long curved bills, pink legs and bare red faces. The plumage is all-white (albus) or all-scarlet (ruber), except for the black wing-tips, which are easily visible in flight. Juveniles are largely brown with white underparts and duller bare parts.

Eudocimus ibises feed by probing with their long, downcurved beaks. Their diet consists of fish, frogs, crustaceans and insects. They fly with neck and legs outstretched, often in long, loose lines, especially on their way to or from the night-time roosts.

References edit

  1. ^ "Threskiornithidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
  2. ^ Hancock, James; Kushlan, James A. (2010) [1992]. "American White Ibis". Storks, Ibises and Spoonbills of the World. London: A&C Black. ISBN 978-1-4081-3500-6.
  3. ^ a b Olson, S. L. (1981). "The generic allocation of Ibis pagana Milne-Edwards, with a review of fossil ibises (Aves: Threskiornithidae)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1 (2): 165–170. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.510.7434. doi:10.1080/02724634.1981.10011888. hdl:10088/7085. JSTOR 4522847.
  4. ^ Chesser, R.Terry; Yeung, Carol K.L.; Yao, Cheng-Te; Tians, Xiu-Hua; Li Shou-Hsien (2010). "Molecular phylogeny of the spoonbills (Aves: Threskiornithidae) based on mitochondrial DNA". Zootaxa. 2603 (2603): 53–60. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2603.1.2. ISSN 1175-5326.
  5. ^ Campbell, Kenneth E. (1979). The non-passerine Pleistocene avifauna of the Talara Tar Seeps, northwestern Peru. Toronto, Ontario: Royal Ontario Museum. pp. 28–32, 154. ISBN 978-0-88854-230-4.

January 01, 1970
eudocimus, genus, ibises, wading, birds, family, threskiornithidae, they, occur, warmer, parts, world, with, representatives, from, southern, united, states, south, through, central, america, west, indies, south, america, scarlet, ibis, scientific, classificat. Eudocimus is a genus of ibises wading birds of the family Threskiornithidae They occur in the warmer parts of the New World with representatives from the southern United States south through Central America the West Indies and South America Eudocimus Scarlet ibis Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Pelecaniformes Family Threskiornithidae Subfamily Threskiornithinae Genus EudocimusWagler 1832 Type species Scolopax rubra 1 Linnaeus 1758 Species E albus E ruber Range of American white ibis pale blue scarlet ibis orange both brown Contents 1 Taxonomy and Systematics 1 1 Species 2 Description 3 ReferencesTaxonomy and Systematics editThe genus Eudocimus appears to be most closely related to but more primitive than Plegadis the latter distinguished anatomically by the conformation of the tarsometatarsus The fossil record is poor but the Early Miocene fossil species Plegadis paganus has some intermediate features 2 It has two foramina in the intertrochlear groove of its distal tarsometatarsus as do Plegadis in contrast to the single foramen of Eudocimus and many other bird species The derived nature of this species indicates ibises belonging to Eudocimus were already in existence at this time 3 A 2010 study of mitochondrial DNA of the spoonbills by Chesser and colleagues which included E ruber Nipponia nippon and Threskiornis aethiopicus found that E ruber was an early offshoot and not closely related to a clade containing the spoonbills and Old World ibises 4 Remains similar to E albus have been found in Middle Pliocene deposits of the Bone Valley formation in central Florida and Lower Pliocene deposits of the Yorktown Formation at Lee Creek in North Carolina 3 Two species one living and one extinct have been recovered from the Talara Tar Seeps in northern coastal Peru Eudocimus peruvianus was described from a tarsometatarsus that differed slightly from E albus whose remains were also found there Remains of neither species are common in the beds The tar seeps have been dated at 13 900 years old The American white ibis is still found in Peru 5 Species edit There are just two living species in this genus Genus Eudocimus Wagler 1832 two species Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population American white ibis nbsp Eudocimus albus Linnaeus 1758 Atlantic coast from the Carolinas south to Florida and thence west along the Gulf Coast through the Caribbean to northern South America and along the Pacific coast from Mexico to Peru nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC Scarlet ibis nbsp Eudocimus ruber Linnaeus 1758 Atlantic coast of South America from southeast Brazil to Colombia as well as inland in the Orinoco basin and the islands of the Netherlands Antilles and Trinidad and Tobago nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC The two species hybridize and are sometimes considered conspecific Description editThese birds are found in marshy wetlands often near coasts They build stick nests in trees or bushes over water and a typical clutch is two to five eggs Eudocimus ibises are monogamous and colonial often nesting in mixed colonies with other wading species Adults are 56 61 cm long with an 85 95 cm wingspan They have long curved bills pink legs and bare red faces The plumage is all white albus or all scarlet ruber except for the black wing tips which are easily visible in flight Juveniles are largely brown with white underparts and duller bare parts Eudocimus ibises feed by probing with their long downcurved beaks Their diet consists of fish frogs crustaceans and insects They fly with neck and legs outstretched often in long loose lines especially on their way to or from the night time roosts References edit Threskiornithidae aviansystematics org The Trust for Avian Systematics Retrieved 2023 07 27 Hancock James Kushlan James A 2010 1992 American White Ibis Storks Ibises and Spoonbills of the World London A amp C Black ISBN 978 1 4081 3500 6 a b Olson S L 1981 The generic allocation of Ibis pagana Milne Edwards with a review of fossil ibises Aves Threskiornithidae Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1 2 165 170 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 510 7434 doi 10 1080 02724634 1981 10011888 hdl 10088 7085 JSTOR 4522847 Chesser R Terry Yeung Carol K L Yao Cheng Te Tians Xiu Hua Li Shou Hsien 2010 Molecular phylogeny of the spoonbills Aves Threskiornithidae based on mitochondrial DNA Zootaxa 2603 2603 53 60 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 2603 1 2 ISSN 1175 5326 Campbell Kenneth E 1979 The non passerine Pleistocene avifauna of the Talara Tar Seeps northwestern Peru Toronto Ontario Royal Ontario Museum pp 28 32 154 ISBN 978 0 88854 230 4 A guide to the birds of Costa Rica by F Gary Stiles and Alexander F Skutch ISBN 0 8014 9600 4 Birds of Venezuela by Steven L Hilty ISBN 0 7136 6418 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eudocimus amp oldid 1217802922, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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