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Eric S. Raymond

January 01, 1970

"Eric Raymond" redirects here. For other uses, see Eric Raymond (disambiguation).

Eric Steven Raymond (born December 4, 1957), often referred to as ESR, is an American software developer, open-source software advocate, and author of the 1997 essay and 1999 book The Cathedral and the Bazaar. He wrote a guidebook for the Roguelike game NetHack.[1] In the 1990s, he edited and updated the Jargon File, published as The New Hacker's Dictionary.[2]

Eric S. Raymond
Raymond at Linucon in 2004
Born (1957-12-04) December 4, 1957 (age 66)
Boston, Massachusetts, US
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Pennsylvania
Occupation(s)Software developer, author
Websitewww.catb.org/esr/, esr.ibiblio.org

Early life edit

Raymond was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1957, and lived in Venezuela as a child. His family moved to Pennsylvania in 1971.[3] He developed cerebral palsy at birth; his weakened physical condition motivated him to go into computing.[4]

Career edit

Raymond began his programming career writing proprietary software, between 1980 and 1985.[5] In 1990, noting that the Jargon File had not been maintained since about 1983, he adopted it, but not without criticism; Paul Dourish maintains an archived original version of the Jargon File, because, he says, Raymond's updates "essentially destroyed what held it together."[6]

In 1996 Raymond took over development of the open-source email software "popclient", renaming it to Fetchmail.[7] Soon after this experience, in 1997, he wrote the essay "The Cathedral and the Bazaar", detailing his thoughts on open-source software development and why it should be done as openly as possible (the "bazaar" approach). The essay was based in part on his experience in developing Fetchmail. He first presented his thesis at the annual Linux Kongress on May 27, 1997. He later expanded the essay into a book, The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, in 1999. The essay has been widely cited.[8] The internal white paper by Frank Hecker that led to the release of the Mozilla (then Netscape) source code in 1998 cited The Cathedral and the Bazaar as "independent validation" of ideas proposed by Eric Hahn and Jamie Zawinski.[9] Hahn would later describe the 1999 book as "clearly influential".[10]: 190 

From the late 1990s onward, due in part to the popularity of his essay, Raymond became a prominent voice in the open source movement. He co-founded the Open Source Initiative (OSI) in 1998, taking on the self-appointed role of ambassador of open source to the press, business and public. He remains active in OSI, but stepped down as president of the initiative in February 2005.[11] In early March 2020, he was removed from two Open Source Initiative mailing lists due to posts that violated the OSI's Code of Conduct.[12]

In 1998 Raymond received and published a Microsoft document expressing worry about the quality of rival open-source software.[13] He named this document, together with others subsequently leaked, "The Halloween Documents".

In 2000–2002 he created Configuration Menu Language 2 (CML2), a source code configuration system; while originally intended for the Linux operating system, it was rejected by kernel developers.[14] (Raymond attributed this rejection to "kernel list politics",[15] but Linus Torvalds said in a 2007 mailing list post that as a matter of policy, the development team preferred more incremental changes.[16]) Raymond's 2003 book The Art of Unix Programming discusses user tools for programming and other tasks.

Some versions of NetHack still include Raymond's guide.[1] He has also contributed code and content to the free software video game The Battle for Wesnoth.[17]

Raymond is the main developer of NTPsec, a "secure, hardened replacement" for the Unix utility NTP.[18]

Raymond has written numerous open-source tools, including cvs-fast-export, a tool for exporting CVS repositories to Git fast-import streams, and "reposurgeon", a tool for exporting SVN repositories.[19]

Views on open source edit

 
Raymond at the SouthEast LinuxFest in 2019

Raymond coined an aphorism he dubbed Linus's law, inspired by Linus Torvalds: "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow".[20] It first appeared in his book The Cathedral and the Bazaar.[21]: 30 

Raymond has refused to speculate on whether the "bazaar" development model could be applied to works such as books and music, saying that he does not want to "weaken the winning argument for open-sourcing software by tying it to a potential loser".[22]

Raymond has had a number of public disputes with other figures in the free software movement. As head of the Open Source Initiative, he argued that advocates should focus on the potential for better products. The "very seductive" moral and ethical rhetoric of Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation fails, he said, "not because his principles are wrong, but because that kind of language ... simply does not persuade anybody".[23]

In a 2008 essay he defended programmers' right to issue work under proprietary licenses: "I think that if a programmer wants to write a program and sell it, it's neither my business nor anyone else's but his customer's what the terms of sale are."[24] In the same essay he said that the "logic of the system" puts developers into "dysfunctional roles", with bad code the result.

Political beliefs and activism edit

Raymond is a member of the Libertarian Party and a gun rights advocate.[25] He has endorsed the open source firearms organization Defense Distributed, calling them "friends of freedom" and writing "I approve of any development that makes it more difficult for governments and criminals to monopolize the use of force. As 3D printers become less expensive and more ubiquitous, this could be a major step in the right direction."[26][27]

In 2015 Raymond accused the Ada Initiative and other women in tech groups of attempting to entrap male open source leaders and accuse them of rape, saying "Try to avoid even being alone, ever, because there is a chance that a 'women in tech' advocacy group is going to try to collect your scalp."[28][29]

Raymond has claimed that "Gays experimented with unfettered promiscuity in the 1970s and got AIDS as a consequence", and that "Police who react to a random black male behaving suspiciously who might be in the critical age range as though he is an near-imminent lethal threat, are being rational, not racist."[30][31] A progressive campaign, "The Great Slate", was successful in raising funds for candidates in part by asking for contributions from tech workers in return for not posting similar quotes by Raymond. Matasano Security employee and Great Slate fundraiser Thomas Ptacek said, "I've been torturing Twitter with lurid Eric S. Raymond quotes for years. Every time I do, 20 people beg me to stop." It is estimated that, as of March 2018, over $30,000 has been raised in this way.[32]

Religious beliefs edit

Raymond describes himself as neo-pagan.[4]

Bibliography edit

  • Hamerly, Jim, Paquin, Tom and Walton, Susan; Freeing the Source: The Story of Mozilla, in Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution, O'Reilly, 1999. 280 pp, ISBN 1-56592-582-3
  • Wayner, Peter; Free for All: How LINUX and the Free Software Movement Undercut the High-Tech Titans, HarperCollins, 2000, 340 pp, ISBN 0-06-662050-3
  • Suarez-Potts, Louis; Interview: Frank Hecker, Community Articles, May 1, 2001, www.openoffice.org, OpenOffice website
  • Moody, Glyn; Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution, Basic Books 2002, 342 pp, ISBN 978-0-7382-0333-1

By Eric Raymond edit

Books edit

Writings posted or archived on his website edit

  • The Art of Unix Usability, the book about programming and user interface philosophy in UNIX
  • How to Ask Questions the Smart Way, mirrored on personal site
  • Release Early, Release Often, excerpt from The Cathedral and the Bazaar, mirrored on personal site
  • Eric Raymond's FAQ collection, mirrored on his personal site. Includes links to Linux Documentation Project.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Raymond, Eric S. (December 8, 2003). "A Guide to the Mazes of Menace (Guidebook of Nethack)". NetHack.org. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  2. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (1996). The New Hacker's Dictionary. ISBN 0-262-68092-0.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  4. ^ a b Leonard, Andrew (April 1998). "Let my software go!". Salon.com. San Francisco: Salon Media Group. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  5. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (January 29, 2003). "Resume of Eric Steven Raymond". Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  6. ^ "The Original Hacker's Dictionary". dourish.com. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  7. ^ "Fetchmail". www.fetchmail.info.
  8. ^ Citations for "The Cathedral and the Bazaar". ACM Digital Library. 1999. ISBN 9781565927247. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  9. ^ Suarez-Potts, Louis (2001). "Interview: Frank Hecker". Retrieved November 5, 2011.
  10. ^ Moody, Glyn (2002). Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution. Basic Books. ISBN 0-7382-0670-9.
  11. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (January 31, 2005). "Open Source Initiative (OSI) Announces expanded programs, counsel, and board". Retrieved January 14, 2010.
  12. ^ "Co-founder of OSI Banned From Mailing Lists". Retrieved August 12, 2020.
  13. ^ Harmon, Amy (November 3, 1998). "Internal Memo Shows Microsoft Executives' Concern Over Free Software". The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2011.
  14. ^ . KernelTrap. February 17, 2002. Archived from the original on August 7, 2007.
  15. ^ McMillan, Rob. . IBM developerWorks. Archived from the original on June 4, 2003.
  16. ^ "LKML: Linus Torvalds: Re: [ck] Re: Linus 2.6.23-rc1".
  17. ^ . Gna.org. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  18. ^ "NTPsec Project Blog". Retrieved January 9, 2020.
  19. ^ https://www.phoronix.com/news/ESR-Reposurgeon-GCC-Ready
  20. ^ Greenstein, Shane (January 2012). "The Range of Linus' Law". IEEE Micro. Vol. 32, no. 1. IEEE Computer Society.
  21. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (1999). The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. O'Reilly Media. ISBN 1-56592-724-9.
  22. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (2000). "Afterword: Beyond Software?". Retrieved July 24, 2007.
  23. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (July 28, 1999). . Linux Today. Archived from the original on June 30, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
  24. ^ Raymond, Eric S. (October 1, 2008). "Why I Hate Proprietary Software". Retrieved November 5, 2011.
  25. ^ Richard Stallman, Free Software, and Copyleft June 24, 2017, at the Wayback Machine 2011
  26. ^ Raymond, Eric (August 23, 2012). "Defense Distributed". Armed and Dangerous. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
  27. ^ Kopfstein, Janus (April 12, 2013). "Guns want to be free: what happens when 3D printing and crypto-anarchy collide?". The Verge.
  28. ^ "Linus Torvalds targeted by honeytraps, claims Eric S. Raymond". Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  29. ^ "Is This Crazy Anti-Feminist Rumor the Platonic Ideal of the Men's-Rights Internet?". Select All. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  30. ^ Raymond, Eric (June 16, 2002). "The Elephant in the Bath-House". Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  31. ^ Raymond, Eric (September 24, 2016). "Dilemmatizing the NRA". Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  32. ^ Jeong, Sarah (March 8, 2018). "Meet the campaign connecting affluent techies with progressive candidates around the country". The Verge. Retrieved March 8, 2018.

Further reading edit

  • Byfield, Bruce (December 22, 2015). "The Decline and Fall of Eric S. Raymond". Linux Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2018.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eric S. Raymond.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Eric S. Raymond.

January 01, 1970
eric, raymond, eric, raymond, redirects, here, other, uses, eric, raymond, disambiguation, eric, steven, raymond, born, december, 1957, often, referred, american, software, developer, open, source, software, advocate, author, 1997, essay, 1999, book, cathedral. Eric Raymond redirects here For other uses see Eric Raymond disambiguation Eric Steven Raymond born December 4 1957 often referred to as ESR is an American software developer open source software advocate and author of the 1997 essay and 1999 book The Cathedral and the Bazaar He wrote a guidebook for the Roguelike game NetHack 1 In the 1990s he edited and updated the Jargon File published as The New Hacker s Dictionary 2 Eric S RaymondRaymond at Linucon in 2004Born 1957 12 04 December 4 1957 age 66 Boston Massachusetts USNationalityAmericanAlma materUniversity of PennsylvaniaOccupation s Software developer authorWebsitewww wbr catb wbr org wbr esr wbr esr wbr ibiblio wbr org Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Views on open source 4 Political beliefs and activism 5 Religious beliefs 6 Bibliography 6 1 By Eric Raymond 6 1 1 Books 6 1 2 Writings posted or archived on his website 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksEarly life editRaymond was born in Boston Massachusetts in 1957 and lived in Venezuela as a child His family moved to Pennsylvania in 1971 3 He developed cerebral palsy at birth his weakened physical condition motivated him to go into computing 4 Career editRaymond began his programming career writing proprietary software between 1980 and 1985 5 In 1990 noting that the Jargon File had not been maintained since about 1983 he adopted it but not without criticism Paul Dourish maintains an archived original version of the Jargon File because he says Raymond s updates essentially destroyed what held it together 6 In 1996 Raymond took over development of the open source email software popclient renaming it to Fetchmail 7 Soon after this experience in 1997 he wrote the essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar detailing his thoughts on open source software development and why it should be done as openly as possible the bazaar approach The essay was based in part on his experience in developing Fetchmail He first presented his thesis at the annual Linux Kongress on May 27 1997 He later expanded the essay into a book The Cathedral and the Bazaar Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary in 1999 The essay has been widely cited 8 The internal white paper by Frank Hecker that led to the release of the Mozilla then Netscape source code in 1998 cited The Cathedral and the Bazaar as independent validation of ideas proposed by Eric Hahn and Jamie Zawinski 9 Hahn would later describe the 1999 book as clearly influential 10 190 From the late 1990s onward due in part to the popularity of his essay Raymond became a prominent voice in the open source movement He co founded the Open Source Initiative OSI in 1998 taking on the self appointed role of ambassador of open source to the press business and public He remains active in OSI but stepped down as president of the initiative in February 2005 11 In early March 2020 he was removed from two Open Source Initiative mailing lists due to posts that violated the OSI s Code of Conduct 12 In 1998 Raymond received and published a Microsoft document expressing worry about the quality of rival open source software 13 He named this document together with others subsequently leaked The Halloween Documents In 2000 2002 he created Configuration Menu Language 2 CML2 a source code configuration system while originally intended for the Linux operating system it was rejected by kernel developers 14 Raymond attributed this rejection to kernel list politics 15 but Linus Torvalds said in a 2007 mailing list post that as a matter of policy the development team preferred more incremental changes 16 Raymond s 2003 book The Art of Unix Programming discusses user tools for programming and other tasks Some versions of NetHack still include Raymond s guide 1 He has also contributed code and content to the free software video game The Battle for Wesnoth 17 Raymond is the main developer of NTPsec a secure hardened replacement for the Unix utility NTP 18 Raymond has written numerous open source tools including cvs fast export a tool for exporting CVS repositories to Git fast import streams and reposurgeon a tool for exporting SVN repositories 19 Views on open source edit nbsp Raymond at the SouthEast LinuxFest in 2019 Raymond coined an aphorism he dubbed Linus s law inspired by Linus Torvalds Given enough eyeballs all bugs are shallow 20 It first appeared in his book The Cathedral and the Bazaar 21 30 Raymond has refused to speculate on whether the bazaar development model could be applied to works such as books and music saying that he does not want to weaken the winning argument for open sourcing software by tying it to a potential loser 22 Raymond has had a number of public disputes with other figures in the free software movement As head of the Open Source Initiative he argued that advocates should focus on the potential for better products The very seductive moral and ethical rhetoric of Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation fails he said not because his principles are wrong but because that kind of language simply does not persuade anybody 23 In a 2008 essay he defended programmers right to issue work under proprietary licenses I think that if a programmer wants to write a program and sell it it s neither my business nor anyone else s but his customer s what the terms of sale are 24 In the same essay he said that the logic of the system puts developers into dysfunctional roles with bad code the result Political beliefs and activism editRaymond is a member of the Libertarian Party and a gun rights advocate 25 He has endorsed the open source firearms organization Defense Distributed calling them friends of freedom and writing I approve of any development that makes it more difficult for governments and criminals to monopolize the use of force As 3D printers become less expensive and more ubiquitous this could be a major step in the right direction 26 27 In 2015 Raymond accused the Ada Initiative and other women in tech groups of attempting to entrap male open source leaders and accuse them of rape saying Try to avoid even being alone ever because there is a chance that a women in tech advocacy group is going to try to collect your scalp 28 29 Raymond has claimed that Gays experimented with unfettered promiscuity in the 1970s and got AIDS as a consequence and that Police who react to a random black male behaving suspiciously who might be in the critical age range as though he is an near imminent lethal threat are being rational not racist 30 31 A progressive campaign The Great Slate was successful in raising funds for candidates in part by asking for contributions from tech workers in return for not posting similar quotes by Raymond Matasano Security employee and Great Slate fundraiser Thomas Ptacek said I ve been torturing Twitter with lurid Eric S Raymond quotes for years Every time I do 20 people beg me to stop It is estimated that as of March 2018 over 30 000 has been raised in this way 32 Religious beliefs editRaymond describes himself as neo pagan 4 Bibliography editHamerly Jim Paquin Tom and Walton Susan Freeing the Source The Story of Mozilla in Open Sources Voices from the Open Source Revolution O Reilly 1999 280 pp ISBN 1 56592 582 3 Wayner Peter Free for All How LINUX and the Free Software Movement Undercut the High Tech Titans HarperCollins 2000 340 pp ISBN 0 06 662050 3 Suarez Potts Louis Interview Frank Hecker Community Articles May 1 2001 www openoffice org OpenOffice website Moody Glyn Rebel Code Linux and the Open Source Revolution Basic Books 2002 342 pp ISBN 978 0 7382 0333 1 By Eric Raymond edit Books edit The New Hacker s Dictionary editor MIT Press ISBN 0 262 68092 0 printed version of the Jargon File with Raymond listed as the editor The Cathedral and the Bazaar O Reilly hardcover ISBN 1 56592 724 9 1999 includes The Cathedral and the Bazaar Homesteading the Noosphere The Magic Cauldron and Revenge of the Hackers The Art of Unix Programming Addison Wesley 2003 ISBN 0 13 142901 9 Learning GNU Emacs 3rd Edition editors Debra Cameron James Elliott Marc Loy Eric Raymond and Bill Rosenblatt O Reilly Media 2004 ISBN 978 0 596 00648 8 Writings posted or archived on his website edit The Art of Unix Usability the book about programming and user interface philosophy in UNIX How to Ask Questions the Smart Way mirrored on personal site Release Early Release Often excerpt from The Cathedral and the Bazaar mirrored on personal site Eric Raymond s FAQ collection mirrored on his personal site Includes links to Linux Documentation Project See also editRevolution OS film Hacker ethic Halloween documents Release early release oftenReferences edit a b Raymond Eric S December 8 2003 A Guide to the Mazes of Menace Guidebook of Nethack NetHack org Retrieved December 15 2008 Raymond Eric S 1996 The New Hacker s Dictionary ISBN 0 262 68092 0 Man Against the FUD Archived from the original on October 13 2007 Retrieved July 7 2008 a b Leonard Andrew April 1998 Let my software go Salon com San Francisco Salon Media Group Retrieved November 23 2009 Raymond Eric S January 29 2003 Resume of Eric Steven Raymond Retrieved November 23 2009 The Original Hacker s Dictionary dourish com Retrieved January 17 2024 Fetchmail www fetchmail info Citations for The Cathedral and the Bazaar ACM Digital Library 1999 ISBN 9781565927247 Retrieved February 10 2015 Suarez Potts Louis 2001 Interview Frank Hecker Retrieved November 5 2011 Moody Glyn 2002 Rebel Code Linux and the Open Source Revolution Basic Books ISBN 0 7382 0670 9 Raymond Eric S January 31 2005 Open Source Initiative OSI Announces expanded programs counsel and board Retrieved January 14 2010 Co founder of OSI Banned From Mailing Lists Retrieved August 12 2020 Harmon Amy November 3 1998 Internal Memo Shows Microsoft Executives Concern Over Free Software The New York Times Retrieved November 5 2011 CML2 ESR amp The LKML KernelTrap February 17 2002 Archived from the original on August 7 2007 McMillan Rob Interview Eric Raymond goes back to basics IBM developerWorks Archived from the original on June 4 2003 LKML Linus Torvalds Re ck Re Linus 2 6 23 rc1 People at Gna Eric S Raymond Profile Gna org Archived from the original on March 1 2017 Retrieved September 13 2017 NTPsec Project Blog Retrieved January 9 2020 https www phoronix com news ESR Reposurgeon GCC Ready Greenstein Shane January 2012 The Range of Linus Law IEEE Micro Vol 32 no 1 IEEE Computer Society Raymond Eric S 1999 The Cathedral and the Bazaar Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary O Reilly Media ISBN 1 56592 724 9 Raymond Eric S 2000 Afterword Beyond Software Retrieved July 24 2007 Raymond Eric S July 28 1999 Shut Up And Show Them The Code Linux Today Archived from the original on June 30 2017 Retrieved July 5 2017 Raymond Eric S October 1 2008 Why I Hate Proprietary Software Retrieved November 5 2011 Richard Stallman Free Software and Copyleft Archived June 24 2017 at the Wayback Machine 2011 Raymond Eric August 23 2012 Defense Distributed Armed and Dangerous Retrieved January 14 2013 Kopfstein Janus April 12 2013 Guns want to be free what happens when 3D printing and crypto anarchy collide The Verge Linus Torvalds targeted by honeytraps claims Eric S Raymond Retrieved November 25 2017 Is This Crazy Anti Feminist Rumor the Platonic Ideal of the Men s Rights Internet Select All Retrieved November 25 2017 Raymond Eric June 16 2002 The Elephant in the Bath House Retrieved August 27 2018 Raymond Eric September 24 2016 Dilemmatizing the NRA Retrieved August 27 2018 Jeong Sarah March 8 2018 Meet the campaign connecting affluent techies with progressive candidates around the country The Verge Retrieved March 8 2018 Further reading editByfield Bruce December 22 2015 The Decline and Fall of Eric S Raymond Linux Magazine Retrieved July 15 2018 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eric S Raymond nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Eric S Raymond Official website nbsp Blog Armed and Dangerous Works by Eric S Raymond at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Eric S Raymond at Internet Archive Eric S Raymond at IMDb Portal nbsp Open Source Software Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eric S Raymond amp oldid 1222722034, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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