fbpx
Wikipedia

Eremophila oldfieldii

Eremophila oldfieldii, commonly known as pixie bush, is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with rough bark, broad, flat or narrow fleshy leaves and red, orange or yellow flowers.

Pixie bush
Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. oldfieldii leaves and flowers
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Genus: Eremophila
Species:
E. oldfieldii
Binomial name
Eremophila oldfieldii
Synonyms[1]

Description Edit

Eremophila oldfieldii is a rounded shrub which grows to a height of 2.5 m (8 ft) or a small tree with rough, grey-brown bark which reaches 6 m (20 ft). The leaves are arranged alternately along the branches and are 30–110 mm (1–4 in) long. Their width and shape depends on subspecies: subspecies oldfieldii has leaves that are thin, flat, narrow lance-shaped to elliptic and 3–9.5 mm (0.1–0.4 in) wide; subspecies angustifolia leaves are linear to almost cylindrical in shape, thick, fleshy and 1.1–2.5 mm (0.04–0.1 in) wide.[2][3]

The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a flattened, S-shaped, glabrous stalk 8–35 mm (0.3–1 in) long. There are 5 oblong to lance-shaped sepals which are 8–35 mm (0.3–1 in) long and which are green or brown. The petals are 18–40 mm (0.7–2 in) long and are joined at their lower end to form a tube. The petal tube is red to orange-yellow and glabrous on the outside surface. The edges and inside surface of the petal lobes are covered with glandular hairs. The 4 stamens extend beyond the end of the petal tube. Flowering occurs from May to October and the fruits which follow are almost spherical in shape, wrinkled, glabrous and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long with a papery covering.[2][3]

 
E. oldfieldii subsp. oldfieldii growing south of the Billabong Roadhouse
 
E. oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia leaves and flowers
 
E. oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia growing near Leonora

Taxonomy and naming Edit

The first formal description of this species was published in 1859 by botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae.[4][5] The specific epithet (oldfieldii) honours Augustus Frederick Oldfield who made the type collection.[2][3]

Subspecies Edit

Two subspecies have been described:

  • Eremophila oldfieldii F.Muell. subsp. oldfieldii[6] which has thin, flat leaves;[2]
  • Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia (S.Moore) Chinnock[7] which has thick, narrow, fleshy leaves.[2]

A third, distinctive, rare subspecies, known as Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. Karara was discovered in 2010 but is yet to be formally described.[3][8] It only grows near Rothsay in the Yalgoo biogeographic region and is classified as "Priority One" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife,[9] meaning that it is known from only one or a few locations which are potentially at risk.[9][10]

Distribution and habitat Edit

Subspecies oldfieldii is a common widespread eremophila which grows in clay, loam or calcareous sand between Wongan Hills and Shark Bay[3] in the Avon Wheatbelt, Carnarvon, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions.[11] Subspecies angustifolia grows in rocky places between Kalgoorlie and Cue[3] in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Great Victoria Desert, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions.[12]

Conservation Edit

The two formally described subspecies of E. oldfieldii have been classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.[13]

Use in horticulture Edit

The bright red flowers of this large shrub stand out from its dark green leaves. It is a hardy plant which has been grown in eastern Australia and can be used as a windbreak or screening plant. It can be propagated from cuttings and grown in a wide range of soils in either full sun or partial shade. It is very drought tolerant but may be damaged by severe frosts.[14]

References Edit

  1. ^ a b "Eremophila oldfieldii". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e Chinnock, R.J. (Bob) (2007). Eremophila and allied genera : a monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae (1st ed.). Dural, NSW: Rosenberg. pp. 644–647. ISBN 9781877058165.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Brown, Andrew; Buirchell, Bevan (2011). A field guide to the eremophilas of Western Australia (1st ed.). Hamilton Hill, W.A.: Simon Nevill Publications. pp. 195–197. ISBN 9780980348156.
  4. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldii". APNI. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  5. ^ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1810). Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae. Melbourne. p. 208. Retrieved 24 February 2016.
  6. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. oldfieldii". APNI. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  7. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldiisubsp. angustifolia". APNI. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  8. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldiisubsp. Karara". APNI. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  9. ^ a b "Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. Karara". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  10. ^ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  11. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. oldfieldii". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  12. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  13. ^ "Eremophila oldfieldii". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  14. ^ Boschen, Norma; Goods, Maree; Wait, Russell (2008). Australia's eremophilas : changing gardens for a changing climate. Melbourne: Bloomings Books. pp. 51–52. ISBN 9781876473655.

eremophila, oldfieldii, commonly, known, pixie, bush, flowering, plant, figwort, family, scrophulariaceae, endemic, western, australia, shrub, small, tree, with, rough, bark, broad, flat, narrow, fleshy, leaves, orange, yellow, flowers, pixie, bush, subsp, old. Eremophila oldfieldii commonly known as pixie bush is a flowering plant in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Western Australia It is a shrub or small tree with rough bark broad flat or narrow fleshy leaves and red orange or yellow flowers Pixie bushEremophila oldfieldii subsp oldfieldii leaves and flowersScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder LamialesFamily ScrophulariaceaeGenus EremophilaSpecies E oldfieldiiBinomial nameEremophila oldfieldiiF Muell 1 Synonyms 1 Bondtia oldfieldii Kuntze orth var Bontia oldfieldii F Muell Kuntze Pholidia oldfieldii F Muell Wettst Stenochilus oldfieldii F Muell Kraenzl Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy and naming 2 1 Subspecies 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Conservation 5 Use in horticulture 6 ReferencesDescription EditEremophila oldfieldii is a rounded shrub which grows to a height of 2 5 m 8 ft or a small tree with rough grey brown bark which reaches 6 m 20 ft The leaves are arranged alternately along the branches and are 30 110 mm 1 4 in long Their width and shape depends on subspecies subspecies oldfieldii has leaves that are thin flat narrow lance shaped to elliptic and 3 9 5 mm 0 1 0 4 in wide subspecies angustifolia leaves are linear to almost cylindrical in shape thick fleshy and 1 1 2 5 mm 0 04 0 1 in wide 2 3 The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a flattened S shaped glabrous stalk 8 35 mm 0 3 1 in long There are 5 oblong to lance shaped sepals which are 8 35 mm 0 3 1 in long and which are green or brown The petals are 18 40 mm 0 7 2 in long and are joined at their lower end to form a tube The petal tube is red to orange yellow and glabrous on the outside surface The edges and inside surface of the petal lobes are covered with glandular hairs The 4 stamens extend beyond the end of the petal tube Flowering occurs from May to October and the fruits which follow are almost spherical in shape wrinkled glabrous and 3 5 mm 0 1 0 2 in long with a papery covering 2 3 nbsp E oldfieldii subsp oldfieldii growing south of the Billabong Roadhouse nbsp E oldfieldii subsp angustifolia leaves and flowers nbsp E oldfieldii subsp angustifolia growing near LeonoraTaxonomy and naming EditThe first formal description of this species was published in 1859 by botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae 4 5 The specific epithet oldfieldii honours Augustus Frederick Oldfield who made the type collection 2 3 Subspecies Edit Two subspecies have been described Eremophila oldfieldii F Muell subsp oldfieldii 6 which has thin flat leaves 2 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp angustifolia S Moore Chinnock 7 which has thick narrow fleshy leaves 2 A third distinctive rare subspecies known as Eremophila oldfieldii subsp Karara was discovered in 2010 but is yet to be formally described 3 8 It only grows near Rothsay in the Yalgoo biogeographic region and is classified as Priority One by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife 9 meaning that it is known from only one or a few locations which are potentially at risk 9 10 Distribution and habitat EditSubspecies oldfieldii is a common widespread eremophila which grows in clay loam or calcareous sand between Wongan Hills and Shark Bay 3 in the Avon Wheatbelt Carnarvon Coolgardie Geraldton Sandplains Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions 11 Subspecies angustifolia grows in rocky places between Kalgoorlie and Cue 3 in the Avon Wheatbelt Coolgardie Geraldton Sandplains Great Victoria Desert Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions 12 Conservation EditThe two formally described subspecies of E oldfieldii have been classified as not threatened by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife 13 Use in horticulture EditThe bright red flowers of this large shrub stand out from its dark green leaves It is a hardy plant which has been grown in eastern Australia and can be used as a windbreak or screening plant It can be propagated from cuttings and grown in a wide range of soils in either full sun or partial shade It is very drought tolerant but may be damaged by severe frosts 14 References Edit a b Eremophila oldfieldii Australian Plant Census Retrieved 6 September 2020 a b c d e Chinnock R J Bob 2007 Eremophila and allied genera a monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae 1st ed Dural NSW Rosenberg pp 644 647 ISBN 9781877058165 a b c d e f Brown Andrew Buirchell Bevan 2011 A field guide to the eremophilas of Western Australia 1st ed Hamilton Hill W A Simon Nevill Publications pp 195 197 ISBN 9780980348156 Eremophila oldfieldii APNI Retrieved 23 February 2016 von Mueller Ferdinand 1810 Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae Melbourne p 208 Retrieved 24 February 2016 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp oldfieldii APNI Retrieved 23 February 2016 Eremophila oldfieldiisubsp angustifolia APNI Retrieved 23 February 2016 Eremophila oldfieldiisubsp Karara APNI Retrieved 23 February 2016 a b Eremophila oldfieldii subsp Karara FloraBase Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna PDF Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife Retrieved 9 August 2019 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp oldfieldii FloraBase Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Eremophila oldfieldii subsp angustifolia FloraBase Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Eremophila oldfieldii FloraBase Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Boschen Norma Goods Maree Wait Russell 2008 Australia s eremophilas changing gardens for a changing climate Melbourne Bloomings Books pp 51 52 ISBN 9781876473655 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eremophila oldfieldii amp oldid 1013445885, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.