Endosamara racemosa is a robust twining woody vine. The young stems are green and covered with soft hairs (pubescent); the mature stems are pale brown and hairless. The leaves are evergreen and generally have 6–12 paired leaflets plus a terminal leaflet. The leaflets are 5–13 cm (2.0–5.1 in) long by 2–7 cm (0.8–2.8 in) wide. The robust inflorescence is a many-flowered terminal panicle, 20–50 cm (8–20 in) long. The individual flowers are 13–16 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long and have the general shape of members of the subfamily Faboideae. The standard petal is 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long by 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) wide. The inner surface is pink or pinkish purple, rarely white, with a dark greenish yellow nectar guide. The wing petals are slightly longer than the keel at 12–13 mm (0.5–0.5 in) long by 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, with short basal claws. The keel petals are 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long by 4–6 mm (0.2–0.2 in) wide, united into a cup. Nine of the stamens are fused together, the other is free; all curve upwards at the apex. The flattened seed pods are 8–25 cm (3.1–9.8 in) long by 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) wide, black when dry, and have 4–5 seeds. A unique feature of the genus Endosamara within the tribe Wisterieae is that the pods split into one-seeded segments before releasing the seeds. Each seed is covered in a layer of endocarp which extends into a papery wing, 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) long and 1 cm (0.4 in) wide.[3]
Endosamara racemosa was first described by William Roxburgh in 1832 in the genus Robinia.[2] It was later placed in a number of other genera, including Millettia and Wisteria, before in 1984 Robert Geesink established the new genus Endosamara for the species, based principally on the unique structure of the seeds, which have flat samara-like wings but are enclosed in endocarp.[3]
Endosamara is placed in the tribe Wisterieae, where it forms the earliest diverging clade with the genera Sarcodum and Sigmoidala. The structure of the seeds distinguishes Endosamara.[3]
Distributionedit
Endosamara racemosa is found from South India to the Philippines, being native to Assam, Bangladesh, India, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.[2]
Referencesedit
^ abcd"Endosamara R.Geesink". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
^ abc"Endosamara racemosa (Roxb.) R.Geesink". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
^ abcdCompton, James A.; Schrire, Brian D.; Könyves3, Kálmán; Forest, Félix; Malakasi, Panagiota; Sawai Mattapha & Sirichamorn, Yotsawate (2019), "The Callerya Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences", PhytoKeys (125): 1–112, doi:10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877, PMC6610001, PMID 31303810{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^Hu, J.M. & Chang, S.P. (2003). "Two new members of the Callerya group (Fabaceae) based on phylogenetic analysis of rbcL sequences: Endosamara racemosa (Roxb.) Geesink and Callerya vasta (Kosterm.) Schot". Taiwania. 48 (2): 118–128. doi:10.6165/TAI.2003.48(2).118.
January 01, 1970
endosamara, monotypic, genus, flowering, plants, legume, family, fabaceae, tribe, wisterieae, only, species, racemosa, liana, found, from, south, india, through, indo, china, philippines, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, tracheophytes, clad. Endosamara is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae 1 tribe Wisterieae 3 Its only species is Endosamara racemosa a liana found from South India through Indo China to the Philippines 1 4 Endosamara Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Fabales Family Fabaceae Subfamily Faboideae Tribe Wisterieae Genus EndosamaraR Geesink 1 Species E racemosa Binomial name Endosamara racemosa Roxb R Geesink 1 Synonyms 2 Millettia leiogyna Kurz 1873 Millettia orissae Panigrahi amp S C Mishra 1985 Millettia pallida Dalzell amp A Gibson Dalzell 1872 Millettia racemosa Roxb Benth 1852 Phaseoloides leiogynum Kurz Kuntze 1891 Phaseoloides racemosum Roxb Kuntze 1891 Pongamia corcor Graham 1831 not validly publ Pongamia racemosa Graham 1831 nom nud Robinia galuga Roxb ex Wight amp Arn 1834 pro syn Robinia racemosa Roxb 1832 Tephrosia racemosa Roxb Sweet ex Wight amp Arn 1834 Wisteria pallida Dalzell amp A Gibson 1861 Wisteria racemosa Roxb Dalzell amp A Gibson 1861 Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution 4 ReferencesDescription editEndosamara racemosa is a robust twining woody vine The young stems are green and covered with soft hairs pubescent the mature stems are pale brown and hairless The leaves are evergreen and generally have 6 12 paired leaflets plus a terminal leaflet The leaflets are 5 13 cm 2 0 5 1 in long by 2 7 cm 0 8 2 8 in wide The robust inflorescence is a many flowered terminal panicle 20 50 cm 8 20 in long The individual flowers are 13 16 mm 0 5 0 6 in long and have the general shape of members of the subfamily Faboideae The standard petal is 10 15 mm 0 4 0 6 in long by 12 15 mm 0 5 0 6 in wide The inner surface is pink or pinkish purple rarely white with a dark greenish yellow nectar guide The wing petals are slightly longer than the keel at 12 13 mm 0 5 0 5 in long by 3 5 mm 0 1 0 2 in wide with short basal claws The keel petals are 10 12 mm 0 4 0 5 in long by 4 6 mm 0 2 0 2 in wide united into a cup Nine of the stamens are fused together the other is free all curve upwards at the apex The flattened seed pods are 8 25 cm 3 1 9 8 in long by 1 2 cm 0 4 0 8 in wide black when dry and have 4 5 seeds A unique feature of the genus Endosamara within the tribe Wisterieae is that the pods split into one seeded segments before releasing the seeds Each seed is covered in a layer of endocarp which extends into a papery wing 3 5 cm 1 2 2 0 in long and 1 cm 0 4 in wide 3 Taxonomy editSee also Wisterieae Taxonomy Endosamara racemosa was first described by William Roxburgh in 1832 in the genus Robinia 2 It was later placed in a number of other genera including Millettia and Wisteria before in 1984 Robert Geesink established the new genus Endosamara for the species based principally on the unique structure of the seeds which have flat samara like wings but are enclosed in endocarp 3 Endosamara is placed in the tribe Wisterieae where it forms the earliest diverging clade with the genera Sarcodum and Sigmoidala The structure of the seeds distinguishes Endosamara 3 Distribution editEndosamara racemosa is found from South India to the Philippines being native to Assam Bangladesh India Laos Malaya Myanmar the Philippines Thailand and Vietnam 2 References edit a b c d Endosamara R Geesink Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2023 01 07 a b c Endosamara racemosa Roxb R Geesink Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2023 01 19 a b c d Compton James A Schrire Brian D Konyves3 Kalman Forest Felix Malakasi Panagiota Sawai Mattapha amp Sirichamorn Yotsawate 2019 The Callerya Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae Fabaceae emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences PhytoKeys 125 1 112 doi 10 3897 phytokeys 125 34877 PMC 6610001 PMID 31303810 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Hu J M amp Chang S P 2003 Two new members of the Callerya group Fabaceae based on phylogenetic analysis of rbcL sequences Endosamara racemosa Roxb Geesink and Callerya vasta Kosterm Schot Taiwania 48 2 118 128 doi 10 6165 TAI 2003 48 2 118 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Endosamara amp oldid 1188168799, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
