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East Yorkshire Regiment

January 07, 2023

The East Yorkshire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, first raised in 1685 as Sir William Clifton's Regiment of Foot and later renamed the 15th Regiment of Foot. It saw service for three centuries, before eventually being amalgamated with the West Yorkshire Regiment (Prince of Wales's Own) in 1958, to form the Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire. Subsequently, the regiment amalgamated with the Green Howards and the Duke of Wellington's Regiment (West Riding) to form the Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot) on 6 June 2006.

East Yorkshire Regiment (The Duke of York's Own)
Cap badge
Active1685–1958
Country Kingdom of England (1685–1707)
 Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1958)
Branch British Army
TypeLine infantry
RoleInfantry
Size1–2 Regular battalions
1 Militia Battalion
2 Territorial battalions
Up to 16 Hostilities-only battalions
RHQVictoria Barracks, Beverley
Nickname(s)The Snappers[1]
AnniversariesQuebec (13 September)

History

Early wars

 
Soldier of 15th regiment, 1742
 
John Theophilus Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd son of the 1st Earl of Moira, in the uniform of the 15th Regiment of Foot (1776) with a flintlock gun.

Raised in 1685 in Nottingham by Sir William Clifton, 3rd Baronet,[2] the regiment was originally, like many British infantry regiments, known by the name of its current Colonel.[3] It took part in the Battle of Killiecrankie in July 1689[4] and the Battle of Cromdale in April 1690 during the Jacobite rising of 1689 to 1692.[4]

The regiment embarked for Flanders in spring 1694 for service in the Nine Years' War and took part in the capture of Huy in autumn 1694,[5] the attack of Fort Knokke in June 1695[5] and the Siege of Namur in summer 1695[6] before returning home in 1697.[7]

The regiment was sent to Holland in 1701 for service in the War of the Spanish Succession and fought at the siege of Kaiserswerth in 1702,[8] the siege of Venlo later that year[9] and the Battle of Blenheim in August 1704.[10] It went on to fight at the Battle of Ramillies in May 1706,[11] the Battle of Oudenarde in July 1708[12] and the Battle of Malplaquet in September 1709.[13] It returned to England in 1714.[14] It was sent to Scotland and took part in the Battle of Glen Shiel in June 1719 during Jacobite rising.[15]

The regiment was deployed to South America, where it took part in the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in March 1741 during the War of Jenkins' Ear.[16] It also saw action at the Battle of Culloden in April 1746 during the next Jacobite rising.[17] In 1751, when the numerical system of designation of Regiments of Foot was adopted, it became the 15th Regiment of Foot.[3]

The regiment went on to take part in the capture of Île-d'Aix in 1757[18] and, having sailed for North America in 1758,[18] fought at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759 during the Seven Years' War.[19] In 1782 the regiment became the 15th (The Yorkshire East Riding) Regiment of Foot.[3]

The regiment was sent to North America again in spring 1776 for service in the American Revolutionary War. It saw action at the Battle of Long Island in August 1776, the Battle of White Plains in October 1776 and the Battle of Fort Washington in November 1776.[20] It also took part in the Battle of Brandywine in September 1777,[21] the Battle of Germantown in October 1777[22] and the Battle of White Marsh in December 1777.[22]

Napoleonic Wars

The regiment was deployed to the West Indies in 1795 for service in the French Revolutionary Wars and fought at attacks on Martinique and Guadeloupe[23] before returning to England in 1796.[24] The regiment returned to the West Indies in 1805[25] for service in the Napoleonic Wars and took part in the invasion of Martinique in January 1809 and the invasion of Guadeloupe in January 1810.[26]

The Victorian era

The regiment spent most of the 19th century on garrison duty, both at home and throughout the Empire. The 1st Battalion was shipped to New Brunswick in 1862 at the time of the Trent Affair, when Britain and the United States came close to war. The regiment was not fundamentally affected by the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, which gave it a depot at Victoria Barracks, Beverley from 1873, or by the Childers reforms of 1881 – as it already possessed two battalions, there was no need for it to amalgamate with another regiment.[27] Under the reforms the regiment became The East Yorkshire Regiment on 1 July 1881.[28] The 1st battalion was stationed at Gibraltar in 1885, moved to the West Indies in 1886, then to South Africa in 1888 and to Egypt in 1893. From 1895 the battalion was stationed in British India, where they had various postings, including at Belgaum and Fort St. George in Madras Presidency until late 1902 when it was posted to Shwebo in Burma.[29]

The 2nd Battalion was stationed in British India from 1875 to February 1888, and fought in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1879–80). After six months in Aden that year, the battalion was back in England until November 1894, when it was stationed in Ireland.[30] The Second Boer War started in South Africa in October 1899. After a series of defeats in the early months of the war, the British government sent large number of troops there as reinforcements in early 1900, including the 2nd Battalion East Yorkshire. 870 officers and men embarked on the SS Nile from Southampton in March 1900, and arrived in South Africa the following month.[31][32] The battalion stayed in South Africa throughout the war, returning home in late 1902 when they were stationed at Aldershot.[33]

The 3rd (Militia) battalion, formed from the East York Militia in 1881, was a reserve battalion. It was embodied in May 1900, disembodied in December that year, and later re-embodied for service in South Africa during the Second Boer War.[34] About 560 officers and men returned to Southampton on the SS Greek in early October 1902, following the end of the war, when the battalion was disembodied at Beverley.[35]

In 1908, the Volunteers and Militia were reorganised nationally, with the former becoming the Territorial Force and the latter the Special Reserve;[36] the regiment now had one Reserve and two Territorial battalions.[37][3]

First World War

 
Men of the 8th Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment, going up to the line near Frezenberg during the Battle of Broodseinde, 1917. Photo by Ernest Brooks
 
2/4th Bn East Yorkshire Regiment and General Sir James Willcocks in Hamilton, Bermuda in 1917
 
Bermuda Volunteer Rifle Corps officers attached to 2/4th Btn East Yorkshire Regiment in Bermuda, 1918

Regular Army

The 1st Battalion landed at Saint-Nazaire as part of the 18th Brigade in the 6th Division in September 1914 for service on the Western Front.[38] The 2nd Battalion landed at Le Havre as part of the 83rd Brigade in the 28th Division in January 1915 also for service on the Western Front before moving to Salonika in October 1915 for service on the Macedonian front.[38]

Territorial Force

The 1/4th Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the York and Durham Brigade in the Northumbrian Division in April 1915 for service on the Western Front. The 2/4th Battalion served in the garrison of the Imperial fortress colony of Bermuda (where the Right Wing, 15th Regiment of Foot had been stationed from 1819 to 1821, and the 1st Battalion, 15th Regiment of Foot had been stationed from 1868 to 1870) from November, 1916, through the end of the war,[39][40][41][42] and the 3/4th Battalion remained at home and trained reinforcements.[38] The 5th (Cyclist) Battalion served on coastal defence duties for the whole war.[43]

New Armies

The 6th (Service) Battalion landed at Suvla Bay in Gallipoli as the pioneer battalion for the 11th (Northern) Division in August 1915; the battalion was evacuated in January 1916 and then landed at Marseille in July 1916 for service on the Western Front.[38] The 7th (Service) Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of 50th Brigade in the 17th (Northern) Division in July 1915 also for service on the Western Front.[38] The 8th (Service) Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 62nd Brigade in the 21st Division in September 1915 also for service on the Western Front, later serving with 3rd Division. The 9th (Reserve) Battalion remained at home supplying drafts to the New Army battalions serving overseas.[38]

The 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th (Service) Battalions were raised in September 1914 from men volunteering in Kingston upon Hull. These units were additionally entitled 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th City of Hull battalions and were known as the Hull Pals, nicknamed the 'Hull Commercials', 'Hull Tradesmen', 'Hull Sportsmen' and 'T'others' respectively. They formed 92nd Brigade in 31st Division, landed in Egypt in December 1915 and then moved to France in March 1916 also for service on the Western Front. Their depot companies became the 14th (Reserve) and 15th (Reserve) Battalions.[38][44][45]

There were also a 1st Garrison Battalion that served in India and a 2nd (Home Service) Garrison Battalion.[38]

Between the wars

In 1935, the regiment was renamed The East Yorkshire Regiment (The Duke of York's Own), after its Colonel-in-Chief.[3]

Second World War

The 1st Battalion was serving in British India on the outbreak of war in 1939 and did not see active service until 1942. In 1944, the Battalion was based in Bethamangala as part of the 150th Indian Infantry Brigade, where it was reorganised and trained in jungle warfare at the Jungle Warfare Training Center, Gudalur, in the Mysore jungle and then played its part in the Burma Campaign.[46] It moved into Burma, crossing the Chindwin River at Kalewa and the Irrawaddy River at Sameikkon in April 1945 and joined the 99th Indian Infantry Brigade, part of the 17th Indian Division at Meiktila after the siege by the Japanese had been broken.[47]

The 2nd Battalion served with the 8th Infantry Brigade (which included the 1st Suffolks and 1st South Lancs), attached to the 3rd Infantry Division throughout the whole war. At the time, the 3rd Division was commanded by Major-General Bernard Montgomery, who would later command the Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group. The battalion and division were sent to France in late 1939 as part of the British Expeditionary Force and remained there until May 1940 when they fought in the Battle of France and were evacuated at Dunkirk. After Dunkirk, the battalion and division spent many years on home defence anticipating a German invasion of England. After late 1942, when the threat of invasion had receded, they then started training for offensive operations and, in mid-1944, invaded Normandy, France.[46]

 
Men of the 2nd Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment take cover behind a bank as an enemy shell explodes nearby, Normandy, France, 19 July 1944.

The 4th Battalion was a 1st Line Territorial Army unit serving in the 150th Infantry Brigade in the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division and, like the 2nd Battalion, served in France 1940, were evacuated at Dunkirk to England and remained in the United Kingdom with the division until mid-1941 when it was sent to the Middle East. It was captured at the Battle of Gazala.[48]

The 5th Battalion was formed in June 1939 as a 2nd Line Territorial Army duplicate of the 4th Battalion. It served with the 69th Infantry Brigade in the 23rd (Northumbrian) Division and was evacuated from Dunkirk. It later served with 50th (Northumbrian) Division through the Western Desert, Tunisian and Sicily campaigns before landing in the first wave on Gold Beach on D Day and then fighting through Normandy and North West Europe.[49]

In the Second World War, three hostilities-only battalions were raised. The 6th (Home Defence) Battalion, which was formed in November 1939, was redesignated as the 30th Battalion in December 1941 and disbanded in September 1943.[50][51]

The 7th Battalion was formed in 1940 and assigned to 203 Infantry Brigade.[52] The battalion was transferred to 73 Infantry Brigade in July 1941 and to 162 Infantry Brigade in September 1942. It was disbanded in October 1944, having never left the UK.[53]

The 50th (Holding) Battalion was formed in May 1940.[54] In October, it was redesignated as the 8th battalion and assigned to 217 Infantry Brigade.[55][56] In November 1941, the battalion was transferred to 224 Infantry Brigade, which was disbanded the following month. The battalion was then converted to 115 LAA Regiment, RA and assigned to the 46th Infantry Division, with which it served in North Africa, Italy and Palestine.[57][58]

 
Men of the 2nd Battalion, The East Yorkshire Regiment in a Universal Carrier on field exercise in Palestine

After the War

The regiment was in Mandatory Palestine during the Zionist insurgency and then took part in the Malayan Emergency in 1953–56 before returning to Germany as part of the British Army of the Rhine. In 1958, it was amalgamated with The West Yorkshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Own), to form the Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire.[3]

Regimental Museum

The regimental collection is held by the York Army Museum which is based at the Tower Street drill hall in York.[59]

The Snappers

The London and North Eastern Railway named one of its V2 locomotives, No. 4780 (later No 809 and then British Railways 60809) as The Snapper. The East Yorkshire Regiment. The Duke of York's Own[60]

Battle honours

 
Regulation Queens and regimental colours

The regiment's battle honours were as follows:[3]

  • Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, Quebec 1759, Martinique 1762, Havannah, St. Lucia 1778, Martinique 1794 1809, Guadeloupe 1810, Afghanistan 1879–80, South Africa 1900–02.
  • The Great War (21 battalions): Aisne 1914 '18, Armentières 1914, Ypres 1915 '17 '18, Gravenstafel, St. Julien, Frezenberg, Bellewaarde, Hooge 1915, Loos, Somme 1916 '18, Albert 1916 '18, Bazentin, Delville Wood, Pozières, Flers-Courcelette, Morval, Thiepval, Ancre Heights, Ancre 1916, Arras 1917 '18, Scarpe 1917 '18, Arleux, Oppy, Messines 1917 '18, Pilckem, Langemarck 1917, Menin Road, Polygon Wood, Broodseinde, Poelcappelle, Passchendaele, Cambrai 1917 '18, St. Quentin, Bapaume 1918, Rosières, Lys, Estaires, Hazebrouck, Kemmel, Scherpenberg, Amiens, Hindenburg Line, Épéhy, Canal du Nord, St. Quentin Canal, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914–18, Struma, Doiran 1917, Macedonia 1915–18, Suvla, Landing at Suvla, Scimitar Hill, Gallipoli 1915, Egypt 1915–16.
  • The Second World War: Withdrawal to Escaut, Defence of Escaut, Defence of Arras, French Frontier 1940, Ypres-Comines Canal, Dunkirk 1940, Normandy Landing, Tilly sur Seulles, Odon, Caen, Bourguébus Ridge, Troarn, Mont Pincon, St. Pierre la Vielle, Gheel, Nederrijn, Aam, Venraij, Rhineland, Schaddenhof, Brinkum, Bremen, North-West Europe 1940 '44–45, Gazala, Mersa Matruh, Defence of Alamein Line, El Alamein, Mareth, Wadi Zigzaou, Akarit, North Africa 1942–43, Primosole Bridge, Sicily 1943, Sittang 1945, Burma 1945.

Victoria Cross recipients

The following members of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross:

Colonels of the Regiment

Colonels of the regiment included:[3]

The 15th Regiment of Foot

The 15th (York, East Riding) Regiment

The East Yorkshire Regiment

References

  1. ^ Burnham, Robert; McGuigan, Ron (2010). The British Army against Napoleon. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Frontline Books. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-84832-562-3.
  2. ^ Christopher Chant (18 October 2013). The Handbook of British Regiments (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. pp. 153–. ISBN 978-1-134-64724-8.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Mills, T.F. . regiments.org. Archived from the original on 30 December 2006. Retrieved 5 February 2007.
  4. ^ a b Cannon, p. 6
  5. ^ a b Cannon, p. 10
  6. ^ Cannon, p. 12
  7. ^ Cannon, p. 14
  8. ^ Cannon, p. 15
  9. ^ Cannon, p. 16
  10. ^ Cannon, p. 19
  11. ^ Cannon, p. 22
  12. ^ Cannon, p. 24
  13. ^ Cannon, p. 26
  14. ^ Cannon, p. 28
  15. ^ Cannon, p. 29
  16. ^ Cannon, p. 32
  17. ^ Cannon, p. 34
  18. ^ a b Cannon, p. 37
  19. ^ Cannon, p. 42
  20. ^ Cannon, p. 48
  21. ^ Cannon, p. 50
  22. ^ a b Cannon, p. 51
  23. ^ Cannon, p. 57
  24. ^ Cannon, p. 58
  25. ^ Cannon, p. 59
  26. ^ Cannon, p. 61
  27. ^ . Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) The depot was the 5th Brigade Depot from 1873 to 1881, and the 15th Regimental District depot thereafter
  28. ^ "No. 24992". The London Gazette. 1 July 1881. pp. 3300–3301.
  29. ^ "Naval & Military intelligence - The Army in India". The Times. No. 36896. London. 11 October 1902. p. 12.
  30. ^ Hart′s Army list
  31. ^ "The War - Embarcation of Troops". The Times. No. 36090. London. 15 March 1900. p. 10.
  32. ^ "The East Yorkshire Regiment". Anglo-Boer war. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  33. ^ "The Army in South Africa - Troops returning home". The Times. No. 36957. London. 22 December 1902. p. 10.
  34. ^ Hart′s Army list, 1903
  35. ^ "The Army in South Africa - Troops returning home". The Times. No. 36881. London. 24 September 1902. p. 7.
  36. ^ "Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907". Hansard. 31 March 1908. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
  37. ^ These were the 3rd Battalion (Special Reserve), with the 4th Battalion at Londesborough Barracks in Kingston upon Hull and the 5th (Cyclist) Battalion at Park Street in Kingston upon Hull (since demolished) (both Territorial Force).
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h "East Yorkshire Regiment". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  39. ^ "Act'g. Governor's Address at Closing of Parliament". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke Parish, Bermuda. 9 September 1919. Yesterday morning at noon, His Honour the Officer Administering the Government, CoL H. B. DesVoeux, C.M.G. attended at the Council Chamber and received the Honourable Members of the Legislative Council, and the members of the Honourable House of Assembly.
    A guard of honour was furnished by the 2/4 Batn. E. York Regiment, consisting of 50 rank and file and a Subaltern under the command of Capt. Hannaford.
    The Council Chamber was filled with officers of the Navy and Army, together with a large number of civilians. Admiral Morgan Singer attended with his Staff. The Captain in Charge, Capt. Fanshawe, the Captain and Officers of H.M.S. Cambrian, and a number of naval officers on the station. Amongst the military we noticed, Colonel Lockhart, Col. Berger, Major Fairfield and a large number of the officers of the E. Yorks Regt.
  40. ^ McGonigal, Major H. A. K. The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Bermudas 1819 to 1821, 1868 to 1870, 1916-1919. Compiled from A History of The 15th (East Yorkshire) Regiment (The Duke of York's Own) 1685 to 1914, by Robert J. Jones, The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Great War, 1914-1918 By Everard Wyrall, and other sources.
  41. ^ Hollis Hallett, A. C.; Hollis Hallett, C. F. E. (2005). 19th Century Church Registers of Bermuda. Bermuda: Juniperhill Press and Bermuda Maritime Museum Press (now the National Museum of Bermuda Press). p. xiii. ISBN 0-921992-23-8.
  42. ^ "ARRIVAL OF EAST YORK OFFICERS". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke Parish, Bermuda. 9 September 1919. p. 1. Much Speculation was caused when the Caraquet came alongside yesterday.
    Who were the officers? Had the new regiment arrived? Was a new military scheme in contemplation?
    But it transpired that tbe War Office in England had remembered the East Yorks were about to depart, and had sent out the following officers for the nice little trip.
    Lieuts. Maw, J. A. Hogg, Wilson, R. Roe, and E. H. Hardy.
  43. ^ Wyrall, pp. 20–1, 401–2.
  44. ^ Bilton, Hull Pals
  45. ^ Bilton, Hull in the Great War
  46. ^ a b "East Yorkshire Regiment". British Armed Forces. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  47. ^ "99 Infantry Brigade Subordanates". Order of Battle. Archived from the original on 31 May 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
  48. ^ Joslen, p. 334
  49. ^ Joslen, pp. 299–300.
  50. ^ "6 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  51. ^ "30 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  52. ^ "7 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  53. ^ "7 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  54. ^ "50 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  55. ^ "8 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  56. ^ "8 The East Yorkshire Regiment". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  57. ^ "115 Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment RA". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  58. ^ "46 (West Riding) Infantry Division". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  59. ^ . 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 17 December 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  60. ^ The ABC of British Railways Locomotives. 1961. Ian Allen Ltd.

Sources

  • Bilton, David (2015) Hull in the Great War 1914–1919, Barnsley: Pen & Sword, ISBN 978-1-47382-314-3.
  • Bilton, David (2014) Hull Pals, 10th, 11th 12th and 13th Battalions East Yorkshire Regiment – A History of 92 Infantry Brigade, 31st Division, Barnsley: Pen & Sword, ISBN 978-1-78346-185-1.
  • Cannon, Richard (1848). Historical record of the 15th or the Yorkshire East Riding Regiment of Foot: containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1685 and of its subsequent services to 1848. CIHM/ICMH Microfiche series = CIHM/ICMH collection de microfiches; no. 48492. Parker Furnivall & Parker. ISBN 9780665484926.
  • Joslen, Lt-Col H.F. (2003). Orders of Battle, United Kingdom and Colonial Formations and Units in the Second World War, 1939–1945. Uckfield: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84342-474-6.
  • Everard Wyrall, The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Great War 1914–1918, London: Harrison, 1928/Uckfield,Naval & Military, 2002, ISBN 978-1-84342-211-2.
  • 1 Btn War Diary 1945 WO 172/7677.
  • 1 Btn War Diary 1944 WO 172/4931.

January 07, 2023
east, yorkshire, regiment, line, infantry, regiment, british, army, first, raised, 1685, william, clifton, regiment, foot, later, renamed, 15th, regiment, foot, service, three, centuries, before, eventually, being, amalgamated, with, west, yorkshire, regiment,. The East Yorkshire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army first raised in 1685 as Sir William Clifton s Regiment of Foot and later renamed the 15th Regiment of Foot It saw service for three centuries before eventually being amalgamated with the West Yorkshire Regiment Prince of Wales s Own in 1958 to form the Prince of Wales s Own Regiment of Yorkshire Subsequently the regiment amalgamated with the Green Howards and the Duke of Wellington s Regiment West Riding to form the Yorkshire Regiment 14th 15th 19th and 33rd 76th Foot on 6 June 2006 East Yorkshire Regiment The Duke of York s Own Cap badgeActive1685 1958Country Kingdom of England 1685 1707 Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 1800 United Kingdom 1801 1958 Branch British ArmyTypeLine infantryRoleInfantrySize1 2 Regular battalions1 Militia Battalion2 Territorial battalionsUp to 16 Hostilities only battalionsRHQVictoria Barracks BeverleyNickname s The Snappers 1 AnniversariesQuebec 13 September Contents 1 History 1 1 Early wars 1 2 Napoleonic Wars 1 3 The Victorian era 1 4 First World War 1 4 1 Regular Army 1 4 2 Territorial Force 1 4 3 New Armies 1 5 Between the wars 1 6 Second World War 1 7 After the War 2 Regimental Museum 3 The Snappers 4 Battle honours 5 Victoria Cross recipients 6 Colonels of the Regiment 6 1 The 15th Regiment of Foot 6 2 The 15th York East Riding Regiment 6 3 The East Yorkshire Regiment 7 References 8 SourcesHistory EditEarly wars Edit Soldier of 15th regiment 1742 John Theophilus Rawdon Hastings 2nd son of the 1st Earl of Moira in the uniform of the 15th Regiment of Foot 1776 with a flintlock gun Raised in 1685 in Nottingham by Sir William Clifton 3rd Baronet 2 the regiment was originally like many British infantry regiments known by the name of its current Colonel 3 It took part in the Battle of Killiecrankie in July 1689 4 and the Battle of Cromdale in April 1690 during the Jacobite rising of 1689 to 1692 4 The regiment embarked for Flanders in spring 1694 for service in the Nine Years War and took part in the capture of Huy in autumn 1694 5 the attack of Fort Knokke in June 1695 5 and the Siege of Namur in summer 1695 6 before returning home in 1697 7 The regiment was sent to Holland in 1701 for service in the War of the Spanish Succession and fought at the siege of Kaiserswerth in 1702 8 the siege of Venlo later that year 9 and the Battle of Blenheim in August 1704 10 It went on to fight at the Battle of Ramillies in May 1706 11 the Battle of Oudenarde in July 1708 12 and the Battle of Malplaquet in September 1709 13 It returned to England in 1714 14 It was sent to Scotland and took part in the Battle of Glen Shiel in June 1719 during Jacobite rising 15 The regiment was deployed to South America where it took part in the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in March 1741 during the War of Jenkins Ear 16 It also saw action at the Battle of Culloden in April 1746 during the next Jacobite rising 17 In 1751 when the numerical system of designation of Regiments of Foot was adopted it became the 15th Regiment of Foot 3 The regiment went on to take part in the capture of Ile d Aix in 1757 18 and having sailed for North America in 1758 18 fought at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759 during the Seven Years War 19 In 1782 the regiment became the 15th The Yorkshire East Riding Regiment of Foot 3 The regiment was sent to North America again in spring 1776 for service in the American Revolutionary War It saw action at the Battle of Long Island in August 1776 the Battle of White Plains in October 1776 and the Battle of Fort Washington in November 1776 20 It also took part in the Battle of Brandywine in September 1777 21 the Battle of Germantown in October 1777 22 and the Battle of White Marsh in December 1777 22 Napoleonic Wars Edit The regiment was deployed to the West Indies in 1795 for service in the French Revolutionary Wars and fought at attacks on Martinique and Guadeloupe 23 before returning to England in 1796 24 The regiment returned to the West Indies in 1805 25 for service in the Napoleonic Wars and took part in the invasion of Martinique in January 1809 and the invasion of Guadeloupe in January 1810 26 The Victorian era Edit The regiment spent most of the 19th century on garrison duty both at home and throughout the Empire The 1st Battalion was shipped to New Brunswick in 1862 at the time of the Trent Affair when Britain and the United States came close to war The regiment was not fundamentally affected by the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s which gave it a depot at Victoria Barracks Beverley from 1873 or by the Childers reforms of 1881 as it already possessed two battalions there was no need for it to amalgamate with another regiment 27 Under the reforms the regiment became The East Yorkshire Regiment on 1 July 1881 28 The 1st battalion was stationed at Gibraltar in 1885 moved to the West Indies in 1886 then to South Africa in 1888 and to Egypt in 1893 From 1895 the battalion was stationed in British India where they had various postings including at Belgaum and Fort St George in Madras Presidency until late 1902 when it was posted to Shwebo in Burma 29 The 2nd Battalion was stationed in British India from 1875 to February 1888 and fought in the Second Anglo Afghan War 1879 80 After six months in Aden that year the battalion was back in England until November 1894 when it was stationed in Ireland 30 The Second Boer War started in South Africa in October 1899 After a series of defeats in the early months of the war the British government sent large number of troops there as reinforcements in early 1900 including the 2nd Battalion East Yorkshire 870 officers and men embarked on the SS Nile from Southampton in March 1900 and arrived in South Africa the following month 31 32 The battalion stayed in South Africa throughout the war returning home in late 1902 when they were stationed at Aldershot 33 The 3rd Militia battalion formed from the East York Militia in 1881 was a reserve battalion It was embodied in May 1900 disembodied in December that year and later re embodied for service in South Africa during the Second Boer War 34 About 560 officers and men returned to Southampton on the SS Greek in early October 1902 following the end of the war when the battalion was disembodied at Beverley 35 In 1908 the Volunteers and Militia were reorganised nationally with the former becoming the Territorial Force and the latter the Special Reserve 36 the regiment now had one Reserve and two Territorial battalions 37 3 First World War Edit Men of the 8th Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment going up to the line near Frezenberg during the Battle of Broodseinde 1917 Photo by Ernest Brooks 2 4th Bn East Yorkshire Regiment and General Sir James Willcocks in Hamilton Bermuda in 1917 Bermuda Volunteer Rifle Corps officers attached to 2 4th Btn East Yorkshire Regiment in Bermuda 1918 Regular Army Edit The 1st Battalion landed at Saint Nazaire as part of the 18th Brigade in the 6th Division in September 1914 for service on the Western Front 38 The 2nd Battalion landed at Le Havre as part of the 83rd Brigade in the 28th Division in January 1915 also for service on the Western Front before moving to Salonika in October 1915 for service on the Macedonian front 38 Territorial Force Edit The 1 4th Battalion landed at Boulogne sur Mer as part of the York and Durham Brigade in the Northumbrian Division in April 1915 for service on the Western Front The 2 4th Battalion served in the garrison of the Imperial fortress colony of Bermuda where the Right Wing 15th Regiment of Foot had been stationed from 1819 to 1821 and the 1st Battalion 15th Regiment of Foot had been stationed from 1868 to 1870 from November 1916 through the end of the war 39 40 41 42 and the 3 4th Battalion remained at home and trained reinforcements 38 The 5th Cyclist Battalion served on coastal defence duties for the whole war 43 New Armies Edit The 6th Service Battalion landed at Suvla Bay in Gallipoli as the pioneer battalion for the 11th Northern Division in August 1915 the battalion was evacuated in January 1916 and then landed at Marseille in July 1916 for service on the Western Front 38 The 7th Service Battalion landed at Boulogne sur Mer as part of 50th Brigade in the 17th Northern Division in July 1915 also for service on the Western Front 38 The 8th Service Battalion landed at Boulogne sur Mer as part of the 62nd Brigade in the 21st Division in September 1915 also for service on the Western Front later serving with 3rd Division The 9th Reserve Battalion remained at home supplying drafts to the New Army battalions serving overseas 38 The 10th 11th 12th and 13th Service Battalions were raised in September 1914 from men volunteering in Kingston upon Hull These units were additionally entitled 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th City of Hull battalions and were known as the Hull Pals nicknamed the Hull Commercials Hull Tradesmen Hull Sportsmen and T others respectively They formed 92nd Brigade in 31st Division landed in Egypt in December 1915 and then moved to France in March 1916 also for service on the Western Front Their depot companies became the 14th Reserve and 15th Reserve Battalions 38 44 45 There were also a 1st Garrison Battalion that served in India and a 2nd Home Service Garrison Battalion 38 Between the wars Edit In 1935 the regiment was renamed The East Yorkshire Regiment The Duke of York s Own after its Colonel in Chief 3 Second World War Edit The 1st Battalion was serving in British India on the outbreak of war in 1939 and did not see active service until 1942 In 1944 the Battalion was based in Bethamangala as part of the 150th Indian Infantry Brigade where it was reorganised and trained in jungle warfare at the Jungle Warfare Training Center Gudalur in the Mysore jungle and then played its part in the Burma Campaign 46 It moved into Burma crossing the Chindwin River at Kalewa and the Irrawaddy River at Sameikkon in April 1945 and joined the 99th Indian Infantry Brigade part of the 17th Indian Division at Meiktila after the siege by the Japanese had been broken 47 The 2nd Battalion served with the 8th Infantry Brigade which included the 1st Suffolks and 1st South Lancs attached to the 3rd Infantry Division throughout the whole war At the time the 3rd Division was commanded by Major General Bernard Montgomery who would later command the Anglo Canadian 21st Army Group The battalion and division were sent to France in late 1939 as part of the British Expeditionary Force and remained there until May 1940 when they fought in the Battle of France and were evacuated at Dunkirk After Dunkirk the battalion and division spent many years on home defence anticipating a German invasion of England After late 1942 when the threat of invasion had receded they then started training for offensive operations and in mid 1944 invaded Normandy France 46 Men of the 2nd Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment take cover behind a bank as an enemy shell explodes nearby Normandy France 19 July 1944 The 4th Battalion was a 1st Line Territorial Army unit serving in the 150th Infantry Brigade in the 50th Northumbrian Infantry Division and like the 2nd Battalion served in France 1940 were evacuated at Dunkirk to England and remained in the United Kingdom with the division until mid 1941 when it was sent to the Middle East It was captured at the Battle of Gazala 48 The 5th Battalion was formed in June 1939 as a 2nd Line Territorial Army duplicate of the 4th Battalion It served with the 69th Infantry Brigade in the 23rd Northumbrian Division and was evacuated from Dunkirk It later served with 50th Northumbrian Division through the Western Desert Tunisian and Sicily campaigns before landing in the first wave on Gold Beach on D Day and then fighting through Normandy and North West Europe 49 In the Second World War three hostilities only battalions were raised The 6th Home Defence Battalion which was formed in November 1939 was redesignated as the 30th Battalion in December 1941 and disbanded in September 1943 50 51 The 7th Battalion was formed in 1940 and assigned to 203 Infantry Brigade 52 The battalion was transferred to 73 Infantry Brigade in July 1941 and to 162 Infantry Brigade in September 1942 It was disbanded in October 1944 having never left the UK 53 The 50th Holding Battalion was formed in May 1940 54 In October it was redesignated as the 8th battalion and assigned to 217 Infantry Brigade 55 56 In November 1941 the battalion was transferred to 224 Infantry Brigade which was disbanded the following month The battalion was then converted to 115 LAA Regiment RA and assigned to the 46th Infantry Division with which it served in North Africa Italy and Palestine 57 58 Men of the 2nd Battalion The East Yorkshire Regiment in a Universal Carrier on field exercise in Palestine After the War Edit The regiment was in Mandatory Palestine during the Zionist insurgency and then took part in the Malayan Emergency in 1953 56 before returning to Germany as part of the British Army of the Rhine In 1958 it was amalgamated with The West Yorkshire Regiment The Prince of Wales s Own to form the Prince of Wales s Own Regiment of Yorkshire 3 Regimental Museum EditThe regimental collection is held by the York Army Museum which is based at the Tower Street drill hall in York 59 The Snappers EditThe London and North Eastern Railway named one of its V2 locomotives No 4780 later No 809 and then British Railways 60809 as The Snapper The East Yorkshire Regiment The Duke of York s Own 60 Battle honours Edit Regulation Queens and regimental colours The regiment s battle honours were as follows 3 Blenheim Ramillies Oudenarde Malplaquet Louisburg Quebec 1759 Martinique 1762 Havannah St Lucia 1778 Martinique 1794 1809 Guadeloupe 1810 Afghanistan 1879 80 South Africa 1900 02 The Great War 21 battalions Aisne 1914 18 Armentieres 1914 Ypres 1915 17 18 Gravenstafel St Julien Frezenberg Bellewaarde Hooge 1915 Loos Somme 1916 18 Albert 1916 18 Bazentin Delville Wood Pozieres Flers Courcelette Morval Thiepval Ancre Heights Ancre 1916 Arras 1917 18 Scarpe 1917 18 Arleux Oppy Messines 1917 18 Pilckem Langemarck 1917 Menin Road Polygon Wood Broodseinde Poelcappelle Passchendaele Cambrai 1917 18 St Quentin Bapaume 1918 Rosieres Lys Estaires Hazebrouck Kemmel Scherpenberg Amiens Hindenburg Line Epehy Canal du Nord St Quentin Canal Selle Sambre France and Flanders 1914 18 Struma Doiran 1917 Macedonia 1915 18 Suvla Landing at Suvla Scimitar Hill Gallipoli 1915 Egypt 1915 16 The Second World War Withdrawal to Escaut Defence of Escaut Defence of Arras French Frontier 1940 Ypres Comines Canal Dunkirk 1940 Normandy Landing Tilly sur Seulles Odon Caen Bourguebus Ridge Troarn Mont Pincon St Pierre la Vielle Gheel Nederrijn Aam Venraij Rhineland Schaddenhof Brinkum Bremen North West Europe 1940 44 45 Gazala Mersa Matruh Defence of Alamein Line El Alamein Mareth Wadi Zigzaou Akarit North Africa 1942 43 Primosole Bridge Sicily 1943 Sittang 1945 Burma 1945 Victoria Cross recipients EditThe following members of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross Private George William Chafer Great War Private John Cunningham Great War Second Lieutenant John Harrison Great War Sergeant Harold Jackson Great War Private Eric Anderson Second World WarColonels of the Regiment EditColonels of the regiment included 3 1685 1686 Col Sir William Clifton 3rd Baronet 1686 1687 Col Arthur Herbert 1st Earl of Torrington 1687 1688 Col Hon Sackville Tufton 1688 1695 Col Sir James Lesley 1695 1709 Lt Gen Hon Emanuel Scrope Howe 1709 1715 Gen Algernon Seymour 7th Duke of Somerset and Earl of Hertford 1715 1749 Lt Gen Henry Harrison 1749 1756 Col John JordanThe 15th Regiment of Foot Edit 1756 1768 F M Sir Jeffrey Amherst 1st Baron Amherst KB 1768 1775 Lt Gen Sir Charles Hotham Thompson 8th Baronet KB 1775 1778 Lt Gen Richard Lambart 6th Earl of Cavan 1778 1792 Gen Sir William Fawcett KBThe 15th York East Riding Regiment Edit 1792 1794 Gen James Inglis Hamilton 1794 1814 Gen Henry Watson Powell 1814 1846 Gen Sir Moore Disney KCB 1846 1850 Gen Sir Phineas Riall KCH 1850 1851 Maj Gen Sir Henry Watson CB 1851 1861 Gen Sir Howard Douglas 3rd Baronet GCB GCMG 1861 1868 Lt Gen William Booth 1868 1877 Gen Thomas Armstrong Drought 1877 1888 Gen Sir William Montagu Scott McMurdo GCBThe East Yorkshire Regiment Edit 1888 1889 Gen Edward George Wynyard 1889 1890 Gen John Hope Wingfield 1890 1891 Gen Robert Bruce 1891 1897 Gen Edward Westby Donovan 1897 1901 Lt Gen William Hardy CB 1901 1920 Maj Gen Sir Coleridge Grove KCB 1920 1925 Maj Gen Francis Seymour Inglefield CB DSO 1925 1930 Maj Gen Sir Gerald Farrell Boyd KCB CMG DSO DCM 1930 1933 Brig Gen Henry Haggard 1933 1940 Brig Gen John Louis Justice Clarke CMG 1940 1948 Lt Gen Sir Desmond Francis Anderson KBE CB CMG DSO 1948 1958 Brig Robert John Springhall CB OBE to Prince of Wales s Own Regiment of Yorkshire 1958 Regiment merged with West Yorkshire Regiment to form Prince of Wales s Own Regiment of YorkshireReferences Edit Burnham Robert McGuigan Ron 2010 The British Army against Napoleon Barnsley South Yorkshire Frontline Books p 124 ISBN 978 1 84832 562 3 Christopher Chant 18 October 2013 The Handbook of British Regiments Routledge Revivals Routledge pp 153 ISBN 978 1 134 64724 8 a b c d e f g h Mills T F The East Yorkshire Regiment The Duke of York s Own regiments org Archived from the original on 30 December 2006 Retrieved 5 February 2007 a b Cannon p 6 a b Cannon p 10 Cannon p 12 Cannon p 14 Cannon p 15 Cannon p 16 Cannon p 19 Cannon p 22 Cannon p 24 Cannon p 26 Cannon p 28 Cannon p 29 Cannon p 32 Cannon p 34 a b Cannon p 37 Cannon p 42 Cannon p 48 Cannon p 50 a b Cannon p 51 Cannon p 57 Cannon p 58 Cannon p 59 Cannon p 61 Training Depots 1873 1881 Regiments org Archived from the original on 10 February 2006 Retrieved 16 October 2016 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link The depot was the 5th Brigade Depot from 1873 to 1881 and the 15th Regimental District depot thereafter No 24992 The London Gazette 1 July 1881 pp 3300 3301 Naval amp Military intelligence The Army in India The Times No 36896 London 11 October 1902 p 12 Hart s Army list The War Embarcation of Troops The Times No 36090 London 15 March 1900 p 10 The East Yorkshire Regiment Anglo Boer war Retrieved 10 March 2016 The Army in South Africa Troops returning home The Times No 36957 London 22 December 1902 p 10 Hart s Army list 1903 The Army in South Africa Troops returning home The Times No 36881 London 24 September 1902 p 7 Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 Hansard 31 March 1908 Retrieved 20 June 2017 These were the 3rd Battalion Special Reserve with the 4th Battalion at Londesborough Barracks in Kingston upon Hull and the 5th Cyclist Battalion at Park Street in Kingston upon Hull since demolished both Territorial Force a b c d e f g h East Yorkshire Regiment The Long Long Trail Retrieved 10 March 2016 Act g Governor s Address at Closing of Parliament The Royal Gazette City of Hamilton Pembroke Parish Bermuda 9 September 1919 Yesterday morning at noon His Honour the Officer Administering the Government CoL H B DesVoeux C M G attended at the Council Chamber and received the Honourable Members of the Legislative Council and the members of the Honourable House of Assembly A guard of honour was furnished by the 2 4 Batn E York Regiment consisting of 50 rank and file and a Subaltern under the command of Capt Hannaford The Council Chamber was filled with officers of the Navy and Army together with a large number of civilians Admiral Morgan Singer attended with his Staff The Captain in Charge Capt Fanshawe the Captain and Officers of H M S Cambrian and a number of naval officers on the station Amongst the military we noticed Colonel Lockhart Col Berger Major Fairfield and a large number of the officers of the E Yorks Regt McGonigal Major H A K The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Bermudas 1819 to 1821 1868 to 1870 1916 1919 Compiled from A History of The 15th East Yorkshire Regiment The Duke of York s Own 1685 to 1914 by Robert J Jones The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Great War 1914 1918 By Everard Wyrall and other sources Hollis Hallett A C Hollis Hallett C F E 2005 19th Century Church Registers of Bermuda Bermuda Juniperhill Press and Bermuda Maritime Museum Press now the National Museum of Bermuda Press p xiii ISBN 0 921992 23 8 ARRIVAL OF EAST YORK OFFICERS The Royal Gazette City of Hamilton Pembroke Parish Bermuda 9 September 1919 p 1 Much Speculation was caused when the Caraquet came alongside yesterday Who were the officers Had the new regiment arrived Was a new military scheme in contemplation But it transpired that tbe War Office in England had remembered the East Yorks were about to depart and had sent out the following officers for the nice little trip Lieuts Maw J A Hogg Wilson R Roe and E H Hardy Wyrall pp 20 1 401 2 Bilton Hull Pals Bilton Hull in the Great War a b East Yorkshire Regiment British Armed Forces Retrieved 10 March 2016 99 Infantry Brigade Subordanates Order of Battle Archived from the original on 31 May 2012 Retrieved 19 October 2009 Joslen p 334 Joslen pp 299 300 6 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 30 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 7 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 7 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 50 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 8 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 8 The East Yorkshire Regiment Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 115 Light Anti Aircraft Regiment RA Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 46 West Riding Infantry Division Orders of Battle Retrieved 29 June 2018 The York Army Museum wins Heritage Lottery Fund support 9 December 2012 Archived from the original on 17 December 2017 Retrieved 16 December 2017 The ABC of British Railways Locomotives 1961 Ian Allen Ltd Sources EditBilton David 2015 Hull in the Great War 1914 1919 Barnsley Pen amp Sword ISBN 978 1 47382 314 3 Bilton David 2014 Hull Pals 10th 11th 12th and 13th Battalions East Yorkshire Regiment A History of 92 Infantry Brigade 31st Division Barnsley Pen amp Sword ISBN 978 1 78346 185 1 Cannon Richard 1848 Historical record of the 15th or the Yorkshire East Riding Regiment of Foot containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1685 and of its subsequent services to 1848 CIHM ICMH Microfiche series CIHM ICMH collection de microfiches no 48492 Parker Furnivall amp Parker ISBN 9780665484926 Joslen Lt Col H F 2003 Orders of Battle United Kingdom and Colonial Formations and Units in the Second World War 1939 1945 Uckfield Naval amp Military Press ISBN 1 84342 474 6 Everard Wyrall The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Great War 1914 1918 London Harrison 1928 Uckfield Naval amp Military 2002 ISBN 978 1 84342 211 2 1 Btn War Diary 1945 WO 172 7677 1 Btn War Diary 1944 WO 172 4931 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title East Yorkshire Regiment amp oldid 1123957831, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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