Sodium ferrocyanide is the sodium salt of the coordination compound of formula [Fe(CN)6]4−. In its hydrous form, Na4Fe(CN)6 · 10 H2O (sodiumferrocyanidedecahydrate), it is sometimes known as yellow prussiate of soda. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. The yellow color is the color of ferrocyanide anion. Despite the presence of the cyanideligands, sodium ferrocyanide has low toxicity (acceptable daily intake 0–0.025 mg/kg body weight[2]). The ferrocyanides are less toxic than many salts of cyanide, because they tend not to release free cyanide.[3] However, like all ferrocyanide salt solutions, addition of an acid or exposure to UV light can result in the production of hydrogen cyanide gas, which is extremely toxic. [4][5]
When combined with an Fe(III) salt, it converts to a deep blue pigment called Prussian blue, FeIII 4[FeII (CN) 6] 3.[6] It is used as a stabilizer for the coating on welding rods. In the petroleum industry, it is used for removal of mercaptans.
In the EU, ferrocyanides (E 535–538) were, as of 2018, solely authorized as additives in salt and salt substitutes, where they serve as anticaking agents. The kidneys are the organ susceptible to ferrocyanide toxicity, but according to the EFSA, ferrocyanides are of no safety concern at the levels at which they are used.[7]
Productionedit
Sodium ferrocyanide is produced industrially from hydrogen cyanide, ferrous chloride, and calcium hydroxide, the combination of which affords Ca2[Fe(CN)6] · 11 H2O. A solution of this salt is then treated with sodium salts to precipitate the mixed calcium-sodium salt CaNa2[Fe(CN)6]2, which in turn is treated with sodium carbonate to give the tetrasodium salt.[8]
^. inchem.org. World Health Organization. 1974. Archived from the original on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2009.
^Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN0-12-352651-5.
^"PubChem Compound Summary for CID 26129, Sodium ferrocyanide". National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem. from the original on 2023-02-13. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
^"PubChem Compound Summary for CID 768, Hydrogen Cyanide". National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem. from the original on 2023-03-03. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
^"Prussian blue". Encyclopædia Britannica. from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2009.
^Peter Aggett, Fernando Aguilar, Riccardo Crebelli, Birgit Dusemund, Metka Filipič, Maria Jose Frutos, Pierre Galtier, David Gott, Ursula Gundert-Remy, Gunter Georg Kuhnle, Claude Lambré, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Inger Therese Lillegaard, Peter Moldeus, Alicja Mortensen, Agneta Oskarsson, Ivan Stankovic, Ine Waalkens-Berendsen, Rudolf Antonius Woutersen, Matthew Wright and Maged Younes. (2018). "Re-evaluation of sodium ferrocyanide (E 535), potassium ferrocyanide (E 536) and calcium ferrocyanide (E 538) as food additives". EFSA Journal. 16 (7): 5374. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5374. PMC7009536. PMID 32626000.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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Sodium ferrocyanide is the sodium salt of the coordination compound of formula Fe CN 6 4 In its hydrous form Na4Fe CN 6 10 H2O sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate it is sometimes known as yellow prussiate of soda It is a yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol The yellow color is the color of ferrocyanide anion Despite the presence of the cyanide ligands sodium ferrocyanide has low toxicity acceptable daily intake 0 0 025 mg kg body weight 2 The ferrocyanides are less toxic than many salts of cyanide because they tend not to release free cyanide 3 However like all ferrocyanide salt solutions addition of an acid or exposure to UV light can result in the production of hydrogen cyanide gas which is extremely toxic 4 5 Sodium ferrocyanide 1 Names IUPAC name Tetrasodium hexacyanoferrate II Other names Yellow prussiate of soda YPS Tetrasodium hexacyanoferrateGelbnatronFerrocyannatriumsodium hexacyanoferrate II Yellow blood salt citation needed Identifiers CAS Number 13601 19 9 Y 3D model JSmol Interactive image ECHA InfoCard 100 033 696 EC Number 237 081 9 E number E535 acidity regulators PubChem CID 26129 UNII 5HT6X21AID Y CompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID3051337 InChI InChI 1S 6CN Fe 4Na c6 1 2 q6 1 2 4 1 SMILES Na Na N C Fe 4 C N C N C N C N C N Na Na Properties Chemical formula Na4 Fe CN 6 Molar mass 303 91 g mol Appearance pale yellow crystals Odor odorless Density 1 458 g cm3 Melting point 435 C 815 F 708 K anhydrous 81 5 C 178 7 F 354 6 K decahydrate decomposes Solubility in water 10 2 g 100 mL 10 C 17 6 g 100 mL 20 C 39 7 g 100 mL 96 6 C Refractive index nD 1 530 Structure Crystal structure monoclinic Related compounds Other anions Sodium ferricyanide Red prussiate of soda Other cations Potassium ferrocyanide Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox referencesUses editWhen combined with an Fe III salt it converts to a deep blue pigment called Prussian blue FeIII4 FeII CN 6 3 6 It is used as a stabilizer for the coating on welding rods In the petroleum industry it is used for removal of mercaptans In the EU ferrocyanides E 535 538 were as of 2018 solely authorized as additives in salt and salt substitutes where they serve as anticaking agents The kidneys are the organ susceptible to ferrocyanide toxicity but according to the EFSA ferrocyanides are of no safety concern at the levels at which they are used 7 Production editSodium ferrocyanide is produced industrially from hydrogen cyanide ferrous chloride and calcium hydroxide the combination of which affords Ca2 Fe CN 6 11 H2O A solution of this salt is then treated with sodium salts to precipitate the mixed calcium sodium salt CaNa2 Fe CN 6 2 which in turn is treated with sodium carbonate to give the tetrasodium salt 8 References edit Sodium ferrocyanide MSDS Archived 2010 05 17 at the Wayback Machine Toxicological evaluation of some food additives including anticaking agents antimicrobials antioxidants emulsifiers and thickening agents inchem org World Health Organization 1974 Archived from the original on 1 December 2010 Retrieved 18 May 2009 Holleman A F Wiberg E 2001 Inorganic Chemistry San Diego Academic Press ISBN 0 12 352651 5 PubChem Compound Summary for CID 26129 Sodium ferrocyanide National Center for Biotechnology Information PubChem Archived from the original on 2023 02 13 Retrieved 2023 01 17 PubChem Compound Summary for CID 768 Hydrogen Cyanide National Center for Biotechnology Information PubChem Archived from the original on 2023 03 03 Retrieved 2023 01 17 Prussian blue Encyclopaedia Britannica Archived from the original on 5 September 2015 Retrieved 18 May 2009 Peter Aggett Fernando Aguilar Riccardo Crebelli Birgit Dusemund Metka Filipic Maria Jose Frutos Pierre Galtier David Gott Ursula Gundert Remy Gunter Georg Kuhnle Claude Lambre Jean Charles Leblanc Inger Therese Lillegaard Peter Moldeus Alicja Mortensen Agneta Oskarsson Ivan Stankovic Ine Waalkens Berendsen Rudolf Antonius Woutersen Matthew Wright and Maged Younes 2018 Re evaluation of sodium ferrocyanide E 535 potassium ferrocyanide E 536 and calcium ferrocyanide E 538 as food additives EFSA Journal 16 7 5374 doi 10 2903 j efsa 2018 5374 PMC 7009536 PMID 32626000 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Gail E Gos S Kulzer R Lorosch J Rubo A Sauer M Kellens R Reddy J Steier N 2011 Cyano Compounds Inorganic Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Weinheim Wiley VCH doi 10 1002 14356007 a08 159 pub3 ISBN 978 3527306732 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sodium ferrocyanide amp oldid 1214527366, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
