fbpx
Wikipedia

E. D. E. N. Southworth

April 12, 2024

Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth (December 26, 1819 – June 30, 1899) was an American writer of more than 60 novels in the latter part of the 19th century. She was the most popular American novelist of her day.[1][2]

E. D. E. N. Southworth
Southworth circa 1860
BornEmma Nevitte
(1819-12-26)December 26, 1819
Washington, D.C., U.S.
DiedJune 30, 1899(1899-06-30) (aged 79)
Georgetown, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting placeOak Hill Cemetery
Washington, D.C., U.S.
OccupationNovelist
NationalityAmerican
Notable worksThe Hidden Hand
SpouseFrederick H. Southworth

In her novels, her heroines often challenge modern perceptions of Victorian feminine domesticity by showing virtue as naturally allied to wit, adventure, and rebellion to remedy any unfortunate situation.[3] Though The Hidden Hand (1859) was her most popular novel, Southworth's favorite of her works was her novel Ishmael (1876).[4]

Early life and education edit

E. D. E. N. Southworth was born Emma Nevitte on December 26, 1819, in Washington, D.C., to Susannah Wailes and Charles LeCompte Nevitte, a Virginia merchant. Her father died in 1824, and per his deathbed request she was christened Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte.[4][5] She studied in a school kept by her stepfather, Joshua L. Henshaw. She later recalled her childhood as a lonely one, with her happiest moments spent exploring Maryland's Tidewater region on horseback. During those rides, she acquired an abiding interest in the area's history and folklore.[6] After attending her stepfather's school, she completed her secondary education in 1835 at the age of 15.[6]

Career edit

She then accepted a position as a schoolteacher.[6]

In 1840, she married inventor Frederick H. Southworth,[7] of Utica, New York.[8] Southworth moved with her husband to Wisconsin to become a teacher. After 1843, she returned to Washington, D.C. without her husband and with two young children.[9]

After the birth of their second child, Frederick abandoned his family in search of Brazilian gold. Southworth never divorced her husband on conscientious grounds.[6][10]

She began to write stories to support herself and her children when her husband deserted her in 1844. Her first story, "The Irish Refugee", was published in the Baltimore Saturday Visiter.[8] Some of her earliest works appeared in The National Era, the newspaper that printed Uncle Tom's Cabin. The bulk of her work appeared as a serial in Robert E. Bonner's New York Ledger, and in 1857 Southworth signed a contract to write exclusively for this publication.[11]

The exclusive contract Southworth signed with Bonner in 1856 and royalties from her published novels earned her about $10,000 a year, making her one of the country's best-paid writers.[12] Southworth and her children were in ill health through much of the 1850s, but Bonner's contract guaranteed her income regardless of any periods of inactivity brought on by poor health. This arrangement remained intact for 30 years.[6]

Like her friend Harriet Beecher Stowe, she was a supporter of social change and women's rights, but she was not nearly as active on these issues. Her first novel, Retribution, a serial for the National Era, published in book form in 1849, was so well received that she gave up teaching and became a regular contributor to various periodicals, especially the New York Ledger. She lived in Georgetown, D.C., until 1876, then in Yonkers, New York, and again in Georgetown, where she died on June 8, 1899.[8][13]

Her best known work was The Hidden Hand. It first appeared in serial form in the New York Ledger in 1859, and was serialized twice more (1868–69, 1883) before first appearing in book form in 1888. Bonner used the appeal of the novel to "give an occasional boost to his weekly's already massive circulation."[14] It features Capitola Black, a tomboyish protagonist that finds herself in a myriad of adventures. Southworth stated that nearly every adventure of her heroine came from real life. Most of Southworth's novels deal with the Southern United States during the post-American Civil War era. She wrote over sixty; some of them were translated into German, French, Chinese, Icelandic and Spanish; in 1872 an edition of thirty-five volumes was published in Philadelphia.[15]

Bonner was asked by a reporter in 1889 "Who were your most successful story writers?" His reply was: "Mrs. Southworth and Sylvanus Cobb Jr. I think that the most popular and successful stories ever printed as serials were Cobb's 'The Gunmaker of Moscow' and Mrs. Southworth's 'Hidden Hand.' "[10]

Her novel Tried for Her Life was referenced in chapter 8 of Jack Finney's novel Time and Again.

She was a member of the Woman's National Press Association.[16]

Death edit

Southworth is buried in Washington's Oak Hill Cemetery.[17][18]

Bibliography edit

note – most of Southworth's novels were serialized before their publications, sometimes under different titles, but online copies of many of the publications can be got at Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=southworth&submit_search=Go%21).

References edit

  1. ^ "Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth", in Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture, Retrieved 7 March 2016
  2. ^ Baym, Nina. "E.D.E.N. Southworth's The Hidden Hand" March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, introduction to Oxford Popular Fiction Series edition of The Hidden Hand (1997)
  3. ^ "E.D.E.N. SOUTHWORTH (1819 – 1899)". www.librarycompany.org. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Huddleson, Sarah M. (1920). "Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth and Her Cottage". Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C. 23: 52–79. JSTOR 40067138.
  5. ^ Simms, L. Moody Jr. (1999). "Southworth, Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte". American National Biography, Volume 20. Oxford University Press. pp. 397–398. ISBN 0-19-520635-5.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Southworth, E.D.E.N. (1819–1899) | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  7. ^ Sutherland, John (2012). Lives of the Novelists: A History of Fiction in 294 Lives. Yale University Press. pp. 135–137. ISBN 978-1-84668-157-8.
  8. ^ a b c   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Southworth, Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 518.
  9. ^ Dobson, Joanne. "E.D.E.N. Southworth". Dictionary of Literary Biography. Gale. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
  10. ^ a b Adcock, John (December 22, 2011). "Yesterday's Papers". Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  11. ^ Dowling, David (2012). Literary Partnerships and Marketplace. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 207.
  12. ^ "E.D.E.N. Southworth". utc.iath.virginia.edu. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  13. ^ Dobson, Joanne (1988). Introduction. The Hidden Hand. NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  14. ^ Looby, Christopher (September 2004). "Southworth and Seriality: The Hidden Hand in the New York Ledger". Nineteenth-Century Literature. 59 (2): 179–211. doi:10.1525/ncl.2004.59.2.179.
  15. ^ Boyle, Regis Louise (1939). Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth. Washington DC: Catholic University Press.
  16. ^ Croly, Jane Cunningham (1898). The History of the Woman's Club Movement in America. H. G. Allen & Company. p. 340. Retrieved December 3, 2022.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ^ "Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, D.C. (Chapel Hill) - Lot 534" (PDF). Oak Hill Cemetery. (PDF) from the original on March 2, 2022. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
  18. ^ "Southworth's Gravesite". Southworthiana. June 9, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2016.

Further reading edit

  • Bardes, Barbara, and Suzanne Gosset. Declarations of Independence: Women and Political Power in Nineteenth Century American Fiction. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1990.
  • Baym, Nina. Women's Fiction: A Guide to Novels by and about Women in America, 1820- 1870. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1978.
  • Carpenter, Lynette. "Double Talk: The Power and Glory of Paradox in E. D. E. N. Southworth's The Hidden Hand." Legacy 10.1 (1993): 17–30.
  • Cogan, Francis B. All-American Girl: The Ideal of Real Womanhood in Mid Nineteenth Century America. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1989.
  • Conrad, Susan P. Perish the Thought: Intellectual Women in Romantic America, 1830–1860. New York: Oxford UP, 1976.
  • Coultrap-McQuin, Susan. Doing Literary Business: American Women Writers in the Nineteenth Century. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1990.
  • Dobson, Joanne. "The Hidden Hand: Subversion of Cultural Ideology in Three Mid- Nineteenth-Century Women's Novels." American Quarterly 38 (1986): 223–42.-----
  • Ginsberg, Elaine K. "Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth." American Women Writers: A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present. Abridged Edition. New York: Ungar, 1988.
  • Habegger, Alfred. "A Well Hidden Hand." Novel 14 (1981): 197–212.
  • Harris, Susan K. "The House That Hagar Built: House and Heroines in E. D. E. N. Southworth's The Deserted Wife." Legacy 4.2 (1987): 17–29. -----
  • Harris, Susan K. 19th-Century American Women's Novels: Interpretive Strategies. New York: Cambridge UP, 1990.
  • Homestead, Melissa J. and Pamela T. Washington, editors. E.D.E.N. Southworth: Recovering a Nineteenth-Century Popular Novelist. Knoxville: U of Tennessee P, 2012
  • McCandless, Amy Thompson. "Concepts of Patriarchy in the Popular Novels of Antebellum Southern Women." Studies in Popular Culture 10.2 (1987): 1-16.
  • Silverblatt, Arthur Martin. Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth and Southern Mythic Society. Diss. Michigan State U, 1980. Ann Arbor: UMI, 1980. 8106442.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to E. D. E. N. Southworth.
Library resources about
E. D. E. N. Southworth
By E. D. E. N. Southworth
  • Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth Papers at the Library of Congress
  • Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at Project Gutenberg
  • Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at HathiTrust
  • Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at Faded Page (Canada)
  • Works by or about E. D. E. N. Southworth at Internet Archive
  • Works by E. D. E. N. Southworth at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)  
  • E. D. E. N. Southworth at Find a Grave

April 12, 2024
southworth, emma, dorothy, eliza, nevitte, southworth, december, 1819, june, 1899, american, writer, more, than, novels, latter, part, 19th, century, most, popular, american, novelist, southworth, circa, 1860bornemma, nevitte, 1819, december, 1819washington, d. Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth December 26 1819 June 30 1899 was an American writer of more than 60 novels in the latter part of the 19th century She was the most popular American novelist of her day 1 2 E D E N SouthworthSouthworth circa 1860BornEmma Nevitte 1819 12 26 December 26 1819Washington D C U S DiedJune 30 1899 1899 06 30 aged 79 Georgetown Washington D C U S Resting placeOak Hill CemeteryWashington D C U S OccupationNovelistNationalityAmericanNotable worksThe Hidden HandSpouseFrederick H SouthworthIn her novels her heroines often challenge modern perceptions of Victorian feminine domesticity by showing virtue as naturally allied to wit adventure and rebellion to remedy any unfortunate situation 3 Though The Hidden Hand 1859 was her most popular novel Southworth s favorite of her works was her novel Ishmael 1876 4 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Death 4 Bibliography 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksEarly life and education editE D E N Southworth was born Emma Nevitte on December 26 1819 in Washington D C to Susannah Wailes and Charles LeCompte Nevitte a Virginia merchant Her father died in 1824 and per his deathbed request she was christened Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte 4 5 She studied in a school kept by her stepfather Joshua L Henshaw She later recalled her childhood as a lonely one with her happiest moments spent exploring Maryland s Tidewater region on horseback During those rides she acquired an abiding interest in the area s history and folklore 6 After attending her stepfather s school she completed her secondary education in 1835 at the age of 15 6 Career editShe then accepted a position as a schoolteacher 6 In 1840 she married inventor Frederick H Southworth 7 of Utica New York 8 Southworth moved with her husband to Wisconsin to become a teacher After 1843 she returned to Washington D C without her husband and with two young children 9 After the birth of their second child Frederick abandoned his family in search of Brazilian gold Southworth never divorced her husband on conscientious grounds 6 10 She began to write stories to support herself and her children when her husband deserted her in 1844 Her first story The Irish Refugee was published in the Baltimore Saturday Visiter 8 Some of her earliest works appeared in The National Era the newspaper that printed Uncle Tom s Cabin The bulk of her work appeared as a serial in Robert E Bonner s New York Ledger and in 1857 Southworth signed a contract to write exclusively for this publication 11 The exclusive contract Southworth signed with Bonner in 1856 and royalties from her published novels earned her about 10 000 a year making her one of the country s best paid writers 12 Southworth and her children were in ill health through much of the 1850s but Bonner s contract guaranteed her income regardless of any periods of inactivity brought on by poor health This arrangement remained intact for 30 years 6 Like her friend Harriet Beecher Stowe she was a supporter of social change and women s rights but she was not nearly as active on these issues Her first novel Retribution a serial for the National Era published in book form in 1849 was so well received that she gave up teaching and became a regular contributor to various periodicals especially the New York Ledger She lived in Georgetown D C until 1876 then in Yonkers New York and again in Georgetown where she died on June 8 1899 8 13 Her best known work was The Hidden Hand It first appeared in serial form in the New York Ledger in 1859 and was serialized twice more 1868 69 1883 before first appearing in book form in 1888 Bonner used the appeal of the novel to give an occasional boost to his weekly s already massive circulation 14 It features Capitola Black a tomboyish protagonist that finds herself in a myriad of adventures Southworth stated that nearly every adventure of her heroine came from real life Most of Southworth s novels deal with the Southern United States during the post American Civil War era She wrote over sixty some of them were translated into German French Chinese Icelandic and Spanish in 1872 an edition of thirty five volumes was published in Philadelphia 15 Bonner was asked by a reporter in 1889 Who were your most successful story writers His reply was Mrs Southworth and Sylvanus Cobb Jr I think that the most popular and successful stories ever printed as serials were Cobb s The Gunmaker of Moscow and Mrs Southworth s Hidden Hand 10 Her novel Tried for Her Life was referenced in chapter 8 of Jack Finney s novel Time and Again She was a member of the Woman s National Press Association 16 Death editSouthworth is buried in Washington s Oak Hill Cemetery 17 18 Bibliography editnote most of Southworth s novels were serialized before their publications sometimes under different titles but online copies of many of the publications can be got at Project Gutenberg https www gutenberg org ebooks search query southworth amp submit search Go 21 Retribution or The Vale of Shadows A Tale of Passion 1849 The Deserted Wife 1850 The Mother in Law or The Isle of Rays Married In Haste 1851 Shannondale The Three Beauties 1851 Virginia and Magdalene or The Foster Sisters Two Sisters 1852 The Discarded Daughter or the Children of the Isle A Tale of the Chesapeake 1852 The Curse of Clifton 1852 Old Neighborhoods and New Settlements or Christmas Evening Legends 1853 The Lost Heiress 1854 The Wife s Victory and Other Nouvellettes 1854 The Missing Bride or Miriam the Avenger 1855 The Widow s Son Left Alone 1856 India The Pearl of Pearl River 1856 Vivia or The Secret of Power 1857 The Two Sisters 1858 The Lady of the Isle or The Island Princess 1859 The Haunted Homestead and Other Nouvellettes 1860 The Gipsy s Prophecy A Tale of Real Life The Bride Of An Evening 1861 Hickory Hall or The Outcast A Romance of the Blue Ridge The Prince Of Darkness 1861 The Broken Engagement or Speaking theTruth for a Day 1862 Love s Labor Won 1862 The Fatal Marriage Orville Deville 1863 The Bridal Eve Rose Elmer 1864 Allworth Abbey Eudora 1865 The Bride of Llewellyn 1866 The Fortune Seeker or The Bridal Day 1866 The Coral Lady or The Bronzed Beauty of Paris 1867 Fair Play or The Test of the Lone Isle 1868 How He Won Her A Sequel to Fair Play 1869 The Changed Brides Winning Her Way 1869 The Brides Fate A Sequel to The Changed Brides 1869 The Family Doom or The Sin of a Countess 1869 The Maiden Widow A Sequel to the Family Doom 1870 The Christmas Guest or The Crime and the Curse 1870 Cruel as the Grave Hallow Eve Mystery 1871 Tried for Her Life 1871 The Lost Heir of Linlithgow The Brothers 1872 The Noble Lord The Sequel to The Lost Heir of Linlithgow 1872 A Beautiful Fiend or Through the Fire 1873 Victor s Triumphs The Sequel to A Beautiful Fiend 1874 Mystery of Dark Hollow 1875 Ishmael or In the Depths 1876 Self Raised or From the Depths A Sequel to Ishmael 1876 The Red Hill Tragedy A Novel 1877 The Bride s Ordeal A Novel 1877 Her Love or Her Life A Sequel to The Bride s Ordeal A Novel 1877 Sybil Brotherton A Novel 1879 The Trail of the Serpent or The Homicide at Hawke Hall 1880 Why Did He Wed Her 1881 For Whose Sake A Sequel to Why Did He Wed Her 1884 A Deed Without a Name 1886 Dorothy Harcourt s Secret Sequel to a A Deed Without a Name 1886 To His Fate A Sequel to Dorothy Harcourt s Secret no date When Love Gets Justice A Sequel To His Fate no date The Hidden Hand 1888 A Leap in the Dark A Novel 1889 Unknown or the Mystery of Raven Rocks 1889 Nearest and Dearest A Novel 1889 Little Nea s Engagement A Sequel to Nearest and Dearest 1889 For Woman s Love A Novel 1890 An Unrequited Love a Sequel to For Woman s Love 1890 The Lost Lady of Lone 1890 The Unloved Wife A Novel 1890 When the Shadow s Darken A Sequel to the Unloved Wife no date Lilith A Sequel to The Unloved Wife 1891 Gloria A Novel 1891 David Lindsay A Sequel to Gloria 1891 Em A Novel 1892 Em s Husband 1892 The Mysterious Marriage A Sequel to A Leap in the Dark 1893 A Skeleton in the Closet A Novel 1893 Brandon Coyle s Wife A Sequel to A Skeleton in the Closet 1893 Only a Girl s Heart A Novel 1893 The Rejected Bride 1894 Gertrude Haddon 1894 Sweet Love s Atonement A Novel 1904 Zenobia s Suitors Sequel to Sweet Love s Atonement 1904 The Struggle of a Soul A Sequel to The Lost Lady of Lone 1904 Her Mother s Secret 1910 Love s Bitterest Cup A Sequel to Her Mother s Secret 1910 When Shadow s Die A Sequel to Love s Bitterest Cup 1910 The Bride s Dowry 1915 When Love Commands no date Fulfilling Her Destiny A Sequel to When Love Commands no date The Initials A Story of Modern Life no date Capitola s Peril A Sequel to The Hidden Hand no date Beatrice or The Forsaken Daughter no date The Maiden s Vow no date The Refugee no date The Artist s Love no date Fallen Pride The Mountain Girl s Love no date Spectre Lover no date References edit Mrs E D E N Southworth in Uncle Tom s Cabin and American Culture Retrieved 7 March 2016 Baym Nina E D E N Southworth s The Hidden Hand Archived March 5 2016 at the Wayback Machine introduction to Oxford Popular Fiction Series edition of The Hidden Hand 1997 E D E N SOUTHWORTH 1819 1899 www librarycompany org Retrieved March 27 2018 a b Huddleson Sarah M 1920 Mrs E D E N Southworth and Her Cottage Records of the Columbia Historical Society Washington D C 23 52 79 JSTOR 40067138 Simms L Moody Jr 1999 Southworth Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte American National Biography Volume 20 Oxford University Press pp 397 398 ISBN 0 19 520635 5 a b c d e Southworth E D E N 1819 1899 Encyclopedia com www encyclopedia com Retrieved February 28 2019 Sutherland John 2012 Lives of the Novelists A History of Fiction in 294 Lives Yale University Press pp 135 137 ISBN 978 1 84668 157 8 a b c nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Southworth Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 25 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 518 Dobson Joanne E D E N Southworth Dictionary of Literary Biography Gale Retrieved May 30 2014 a b Adcock John December 22 2011 Yesterday s Papers Retrieved February 28 2019 Dowling David 2012 Literary Partnerships and Marketplace Baton Rouge Louisiana State University Press p 207 E D E N Southworth utc iath virginia edu Retrieved March 27 2018 Dobson Joanne 1988 Introduction The Hidden Hand NJ Rutgers University Press Looby Christopher September 2004 Southworth and Seriality The Hidden Hand in the New York Ledger Nineteenth Century Literature 59 2 179 211 doi 10 1525 ncl 2004 59 2 179 Boyle Regis Louise 1939 Mrs E D E N Southworth Washington DC Catholic University Press Croly Jane Cunningham 1898 The History of the Woman s Club Movement in America H G Allen amp Company p 340 Retrieved December 3 2022 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Oak Hill Cemetery Georgetown D C Chapel Hill Lot 534 PDF Oak Hill Cemetery Archived PDF from the original on March 2 2022 Retrieved August 17 2022 Southworth s Gravesite Southworthiana June 9 2015 Retrieved March 11 2016 Further reading editBardes Barbara and Suzanne Gosset Declarations of Independence Women and Political Power in Nineteenth Century American Fiction New Brunswick Rutgers UP 1990 Baym Nina Women s Fiction A Guide to Novels by and about Women in America 1820 1870 Ithaca Cornell UP 1978 Carpenter Lynette Double Talk The Power and Glory of Paradox in E D E N Southworth s The Hidden Hand Legacy 10 1 1993 17 30 Cogan Francis B All American Girl The Ideal of Real Womanhood in Mid Nineteenth Century America Athens U of Georgia P 1989 Conrad Susan P Perish the Thought Intellectual Women in Romantic America 1830 1860 New York Oxford UP 1976 Coultrap McQuin Susan Doing Literary Business American Women Writers in the Nineteenth Century Chapel Hill U of North Carolina P 1990 Dobson Joanne The Hidden Hand Subversion of Cultural Ideology in Three Mid Nineteenth Century Women s Novels American Quarterly 38 1986 223 42 Ginsberg Elaine K Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth American Women Writers A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present Abridged Edition New York Ungar 1988 Habegger Alfred A Well Hidden Hand Novel 14 1981 197 212 Harris Susan K The House That Hagar Built House and Heroines in E D E N Southworth s The Deserted Wife Legacy 4 2 1987 17 29 Harris Susan K 19th Century American Women s Novels Interpretive Strategies New York Cambridge UP 1990 Homestead Melissa J and Pamela T Washington editors E D E N Southworth Recovering a Nineteenth Century Popular Novelist Knoxville U of Tennessee P 2012 McCandless Amy Thompson Concepts of Patriarchy in the Popular Novels of Antebellum Southern Women Studies in Popular Culture 10 2 1987 1 16 Silverblatt Arthur Martin Mrs E D E N Southworth and Southern Mythic Society Diss Michigan State U 1980 Ann Arbor UMI 1980 8106442 External links edit nbsp Biography portal nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to E D E N Southworth Library resources about E D E N Southworth Resources in your library Resources in other libraries By E D E N Southworth Online books Resources in your library Resources in other libraries Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth Papers at the Library of Congress Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at Project Gutenberg Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at HathiTrust Works by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth at Faded Page Canada Works by or about E D E N Southworth at Internet Archive Works by E D E N Southworth at LibriVox public domain audiobooks nbsp E D E N Southworth at Find a Grave Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title E D E N Southworth amp oldid 1208786462, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.