Dictyocaryum is a monoeciousgenus of flowering plant in the palm family found in South America. It is closely related to the genus Iriartea; they are commonly called araque or palma real. As many as eleven species have been described but this number is reduced to three in most current accounts. The genus name translates from two Greek words meaning "net" and "nut", describing the thick network of raphe fibers around the seed.[2]
Dictocaryum palms are usually solitary in nature though D. ptarianum will occasionally cluster in habitat. All three plants have conical masses of stilt roots at the base which are armed with spines. These stilt roots, in the case of D. fuscum, can be up to four inches (ten centimeters) thick.[3] The trunks are conspicuously ringed by leaf scars, to 30 cm wide, and in D. lamarckianum reach over 20 m in height. All have tall crownshafts and 4-6 large, plumose, pinnate leaves. The leaves may be sparsely to densely tomentose on the rachis and petiole, the leaflets are regularly and widely spaced, up to 60 cm long, dark green on top and glaucous on the underside.
Compared to other palms, the inflorescences in this genus are unusually large, once-branched, and emerge below the leaf crown. Both male and female flowers are white to yellow, growing on the same plant, both with three sepals and three petals. The fruit develops from one carpel, yellow to orange to brown when ripe, containing one basally attached, spherical seed.[4]
Distribution and habitatedit
Palms in this genus are found in the mountainous and montanerain forest regions of Panama, Ecuador, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana and Venezuela from low elevations up to 1800 m. They often colonize in large, conspicuous groves, on steep slopes, receiving generous rain fall, and growing in acidic, noncalcareous soil.
Cultivation and usesedit
Their growing conditions are usually hard to mimic, making them relatively uncommon in cultivation. They require a frost-free climate, humus-rich soil, and plenty of water. In their natural range the trunks are used by indigenous people in construction and cabinet-making, the leaves are woven into thatched goods, while the fruit is eaten and made into palm wine or jelly.[5] The Emberá Indians use the hard, durable trunks in the construction of coffins.[6]
^Henderson, Andrew (May 2, 1990). "Arecaceae - Part 1". Flora Neotropica. 53: 54.
^Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press. ISBN0-935868-30-5 / ISBN978-0-935868-30-2
^Romero Casteñeda, R. (1969) Fruitas Silvestres de Colombia Vol II. Bogota: Editorial Andes
^Henderson, A., Galeano, G., and Bernal, R.(1997) "Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas" Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN0-691-01600-3 / ISBN978-0-691-01600-9
External linksedit
GBIF Portal
PACSOA
Images at Diversity of Life.org
December 02, 2023
dictyocaryum, monoecious, genus, flowering, plant, palm, family, found, south, america, closely, related, genus, iriartea, they, commonly, called, araque, palma, real, many, eleven, species, have, been, described, this, number, reduced, three, most, current, a. Dictyocaryum is a monoecious genus of flowering plant in the palm family found in South America It is closely related to the genus Iriartea they are commonly called araque or palma real As many as eleven species have been described but this number is reduced to three in most current accounts The genus name translates from two Greek words meaning net and nut describing the thick network of raphe fibers around the seed 2 DictyocaryumDictyocaryum lamarckianumScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder ArecalesFamily ArecaceaeSubfamily ArecoideaeTribe IriarteeaeGenus DictyocaryumH Wendl 1 SpeciesDictyocaryum fuscum Dictyocaryum lamarckianum Dictyocaryum ptarianum Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Cultivation and uses 4 References 5 External linksDescription editDictocaryum palms are usually solitary in nature though D ptarianum will occasionally cluster in habitat All three plants have conical masses of stilt roots at the base which are armed with spines These stilt roots in the case of D fuscum can be up to four inches ten centimeters thick 3 The trunks are conspicuously ringed by leaf scars to 30 cm wide and in D lamarckianum reach over 20 m in height All have tall crownshafts and 4 6 large plumose pinnate leaves The leaves may be sparsely to densely tomentose on the rachis and petiole the leaflets are regularly and widely spaced up to 60 cm long dark green on top and glaucous on the underside Compared to other palms the inflorescences in this genus are unusually large once branched and emerge below the leaf crown Both male and female flowers are white to yellow growing on the same plant both with three sepals and three petals The fruit develops from one carpel yellow to orange to brown when ripe containing one basally attached spherical seed 4 Distribution and habitat editPalms in this genus are found in the mountainous and montane rain forest regions of Panama Ecuador Brazil Peru Bolivia Guyana and Venezuela from low elevations up to 1800 m They often colonize in large conspicuous groves on steep slopes receiving generous rain fall and growing in acidic noncalcareous soil Cultivation and uses editTheir growing conditions are usually hard to mimic making them relatively uncommon in cultivation They require a frost free climate humus rich soil and plenty of water In their natural range the trunks are used by indigenous people in construction and cabinet making the leaves are woven into thatched goods while the fruit is eaten and made into palm wine or jelly 5 The Embera Indians use the hard durable trunks in the construction of coffins 6 References edit H A Wendland Bonplandia 8 106 1860 Riffle Robert L and Craft Paul 2003 An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms Portland Timber Press ISBN 0 88192 558 6 ISBN 978 0 88192 558 6 Henderson Andrew May 2 1990 Arecaceae Part 1 Flora Neotropica 53 54 Uhl Natalie W and Dransfield John 1987 Genera Palmarum A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E Moore Lawrence Kansas Allen Press ISBN 0 935868 30 5 ISBN 978 0 935868 30 2 Romero Casteneda R 1969 Fruitas Silvestres de Colombia Vol II Bogota Editorial Andes Henderson A Galeano G and Bernal R 1997 Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas Princeton New Jersey Princeton University Press ISBN 0 691 01600 3 ISBN 978 0 691 01600 9External links editDictyocaryum on NPGS GRIN GBIF Portal Fairchild Guide to Palms PACSOA Images at Diversity of Life org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dictyocaryum amp oldid 1184803315, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
