Darrang (Assamese pronunciation: [dɔrɔŋ]) is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarters are located at Mangaldoi. The district occupies an area of 1585 km2.
Several places named Kaulinyadwar or Kalingpuwar, Chari Duar and Chaiduar to the north of Mangaldai and Tezpur sub-divisions prove that these were the gates from the Himalayas at that time and were used to travel to heaven in ancient times.The name of Darrang District originated from these ancient places called Dwar or Duar.
According to Scholar Late Dineswar Sarma, the word Darrang came from Dawrang which means Gateway, As the traders from different parts of China, Tibet, Bhutan & Central Asia flocked to Assam through this route.[1]
History
During the reign of Chutia king Dharmanarayan (early 1500s) 3000 Chutia families were established in Darrang.
No definitive records about Darrang are available for the pre-medieval period. According to Maheswar Neog, the Darrang became mentioned only after the uprising of the king Nara Narayan. It perhaps formed a part of the ancient kingdom of Kamarupa and with its decline, Darrang at different times might have been under the rule of the Chutia Kingdom, Bodo people and Baro-Bhuyans.[2]
In the 16th century, Darrang was subject to the Kamata king Nara Narayan, and on the division of his dominion among his heirs, Darrang became a part of Koch Hajo. Early in the 17th century the raja Bali Narayan invoked the aid of the Ahoms of Upper Assam against the Mughal invaders; after his defeat and death in 1637 the Ahoms dominated the whole district. About 1785 the Darrang rajas took advantage of the decay of the Ahom kingdom to try and re-establish their independence, but they were defeated by a British expedition in 1792, and in 1826 Darrang, with the rest of Assam, passed under British control.[3]
By early 17th century, the Kingdom of Bhutan took control of the Darrang Duars as far as Gohain Kamal Ali road.[4][5] The Bhutan control over these regions were through local authorities, who were appointed by Bhutanese provincial governors called Ponlops.[6] By 1865, with the Duar Wars the British East India company took control of the Duars and removed Bhutanese influence from the area.
In 1785 it was Darrang was surveyed by one Ahom officer named Dhani Ram Gohain.
On 28 January 1894, there was a peasant's uprising against the increased land revenue by the British Raj in Patharighat, a village in Darrang district. In the British response that followed, 140 peasants belonging to both Hindu and Muslim communities died from bullet wounds and another 150 were injured.[7][8]
According to the 2011 census Darrang district has a population of 928,500,[14] roughly equal to the nation of Fiji.[15] This gives it a ranking of 463rd in India (out of a total of 640).[14] The district has a population density of 586 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,520/sq mi).[14] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.19%.[14] Darrang has a sex ratio of 954 females for every 1000 males,[14] and a literacy rate of 63.08%.[14] 93.9% of the population live in rural areas while 6.1% live in urban areas.[16] Poverty rate of the district stands at 45.5%.[17] Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.34% and 0.91% of the population respectively.
In Darrang district, as per the 2011 census record, Islam is the most followed religion with 597,392 adherents i.e. (64.34%), while Hinduism is followed by 327,322 i.e. 35.25% of the district population.[14] Way back in 1971, Hindus were slight majority in Darrang district with forming 70.3% of the population, while Muslims were 23.9% at that time.[19]
^"Darrang,Assam,India". darrang.nic.in. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
^One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Darrang". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 837.
^"Taking advantage of [the collapse of Koch Hajo], the Bhutias pushed their southern boundary towards the plains and occupied the land upto the Gohain Kamal Ali." (Das 1998:13)
^"During the period of political uncertainty caused by the Ahom-Mughal conflict in the middle of seventeenth century, the Bhutias had taken possession of the whole of the fertile plain south of their hills as far as the Gohain Kamal Ali." (Das 1998:59)
^"Patharughat martyrs yet to get recognition". The Assam Tribune Online. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
^Barua, Deepali (1994). Urban history of India : a case study (1st ed.). New Delhi, India: Mittal Publications. p. 149. ISBN81-7099-538-8. OCLC 31711121.
^ abLaw, Gwillim (25 September 2011). "Districts of India". Statoids. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
^International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications https://www.ijsrp.org › ijsrp-...PDF The Change of Religion and Language Composition in the State of Assam ...
^"Barpeta's Bengali Speaking Population rises to twice as that of Assamese speaking People – Sentinelassam". 21 July 2018.
^2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
References
Das, Smriti (1998). Assam Bhutan relations with special reference to duars from 1681 to 1949 (PhD). Guwahati University. hdl:10603/67909.
Phuntsho, Karma (2013). The History of Bhutan. Penguin Books. ISBN9781908323583.
darrang, district, darrang, assamese, pronunciation, dɔrɔŋ, administrative, district, state, assam, india, district, headquarters, located, mangaldoi, district, occupies, area, 1585, district, assamswahid, stambha, patharighatlocation, assamcountry, indiastate. Darrang Assamese pronunciation dɔrɔŋ is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India The district headquarters are located at Mangaldoi The district occupies an area of 1585 km2 Darrang districtDistrict of AssamSwahid Stambha PatharighatDarrang districtLocation in AssamCountry IndiaStateAssamDivisionNorth AssamHeadquartersMangaldoiGovernment Lok Sabha constituenciesMangaldoi Vidhan Sabha constituenciesSipajhar Mangaldoi DalgaonArea Total1 585 km2 612 sq mi Population 2011 Total928 500 Density590 km2 1 500 sq mi Time zoneUTC 05 30 IST ISO 3166 codeIN ASWebsitehttp darrang gov in Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Geography 3 1 National protected area 4 Divisions 5 Demographics 5 1 Religions 5 2 Languages 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksEtymology EditSeveral places named Kaulinyadwar or Kalingpuwar Chari Duar and Chaiduar to the north of Mangaldai and Tezpur sub divisions prove that these were the gates from the Himalayas at that time and were used to travel to heaven in ancient times The name of Darrang District originated from these ancient places called Dwar or Duar According to Scholar Late Dineswar Sarma the word Darrang came from Dawrang which means Gateway As the traders from different parts of China Tibet Bhutan amp Central Asia flocked to Assam through this route 1 History EditDuring the reign of Chutia king Dharmanarayan early 1500s 3000 Chutia families were established in Darrang No definitive records about Darrang are available for the pre medieval period According to Maheswar Neog the Darrang became mentioned only after the uprising of the king Nara Narayan It perhaps formed a part of the ancient kingdom of Kamarupa and with its decline Darrang at different times might have been under the rule of the Chutia Kingdom Bodo people and Baro Bhuyans 2 In the 16th century Darrang was subject to the Kamata king Nara Narayan and on the division of his dominion among his heirs Darrang became a part of Koch Hajo Early in the 17th century the raja Bali Narayan invoked the aid of the Ahoms of Upper Assam against the Mughal invaders after his defeat and death in 1637 the Ahoms dominated the whole district About 1785 the Darrang rajas took advantage of the decay of the Ahom kingdom to try and re establish their independence but they were defeated by a British expedition in 1792 and in 1826 Darrang with the rest of Assam passed under British control 3 By early 17th century the Kingdom of Bhutan took control of the Darrang Duars as far as Gohain Kamal Ali road 4 5 The Bhutan control over these regions were through local authorities who were appointed by Bhutanese provincial governors called Ponlops 6 By 1865 with the Duar Wars the British East India company took control of the Duars and removed Bhutanese influence from the area In 1785 it was Darrang was surveyed by one Ahom officer named Dhani Ram Gohain On 28 January 1894 there was a peasant s uprising against the increased land revenue by the British Raj in Patharighat a village in Darrang district In the British response that followed 140 peasants belonging to both Hindu and Muslim communities died from bullet wounds and another 150 were injured 7 8 In 1984 Sonitpur district was formed from part of Darrang 9 This was repeated on 14 June 2004 with the creation of Udalguri district 9 Geography EditDarrang district occupies an area of 1 585 square kilometres 612 sq mi 10 National protected area Edit Darrang is home to Orang National Park which it shares with Sonitpur district Orang was established in 1999 and has an area of 79 km2 30 5 sq mi 11 Divisions EditThere are four Assam Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district Kalaigaon Sipajhar Mangaldoi and Dalgaon 12 Mangaldoi is designated for scheduled castes 12 All four are in the Mangaldoi Lok Sabha constituency 13 Demographics EditAccording to the 2011 census Darrang district has a population of 928 500 14 roughly equal to the nation of Fiji 15 This gives it a ranking of 463rd in India out of a total of 640 14 The district has a population density of 586 inhabitants per square kilometre 1 520 sq mi 14 Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 2011 was 22 19 14 Darrang has a sex ratio of 954 females for every 1000 males 14 and a literacy rate of 63 08 14 93 9 of the population live in rural areas while 6 1 live in urban areas 16 Poverty rate of the district stands at 45 5 17 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4 34 and 0 91 of the population respectively Historical populationYearPop p a 190199 002 191198 758 0 02 1921110 391 1 12 1931139 089 2 34 1941188 189 3 07 1951233 607 2 19 1961310 321 2 88 1971404 961 2 70 1991618 653 2 14 2001759 858 2 08 2011928 500 2 02 source 18 Religions Edit Religions in Darrang district 2011 14 Religion PercentIslam 64 34 Hinduism 35 25 Other or not stated 0 41 In Darrang district as per the 2011 census record Islam is the most followed religion with 597 392 adherents i e 64 34 while Hinduism is followed by 327 322 i e 35 25 of the district population 14 Way back in 1971 Hindus were slight majority in Darrang district with forming 70 3 of the population while Muslims were 23 9 at that time 19 Languages Edit Languages in Darrang district 2011 20 Assamese 49 29 Bengali 48 40 Others 2 31 At the time of the 2011 census the Assamese speaking population was 457 696 and the Bengali speaking population was 449 205 21 Notes Edit Dineswar Sharma Mangladai Buranjii p 3 Darrang Assam India darrang nic in Retrieved 22 October 2020 One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Darrang Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 7 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 837 Taking advantage of the collapse of Koch Hajo the Bhutias pushed their southern boundary towards the plains and occupied the land upto the Gohain Kamal Ali Das 1998 13 During the period of political uncertainty caused by the Ahom Mughal conflict in the middle of seventeenth century the Bhutias had taken possession of the whole of the fertile plain south of their hills as far as the Gohain Kamal Ali Das 1998 59 Phuntsho 2013 394 Patharughat martyrs yet to get recognition The Assam Tribune Online Retrieved 22 October 2020 Barua Deepali 1994 Urban history of India a case study 1st ed New Delhi India Mittal Publications p 149 ISBN 81 7099 538 8 OCLC 31711121 a b Law Gwillim 25 September 2011 Districts of India Statoids Retrieved 11 October 2011 Srivastava Dayawanti et al eds 2010 States and Union Territories Assam Government India 2010 A Reference Annual 54th ed New Delhi India Additional Director General Publications Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting India Government of India p 1116 ISBN 978 81 230 1617 7 Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment Protected areas Assam Archived from the original on 23 August 2011 Retrieved 25 September 2011 a b List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue amp Election District wise break up PDF Chief Electoral Officer Assam website Archived from the original PDF on 22 March 2012 Retrieved 26 September 2011 List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break up PDF Chief Electoral Officer Assam website Archived from the original PDF on 22 March 2012 Retrieved 26 September 2011 a b c d e f g h District Census 2011 Census2011 co in 2011 Retrieved 30 September 2011 US Directorate of Intelligence Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on 27 September 2011 Retrieved 1 October 2011 Fiji 883 125 July 2011 est Darrang Assam India darrang nic in Retrieved 22 October 2020 ASSAM HDR 2014 POVERTY RATIO IS THE HIGHEST AMONG THE SCHEDULED TRIBES nezine com Retrieved 22 October 2020 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications https www ijsrp org ijsrp PDF The Change of Religion and Language Composition in the State of Assam Barpeta s Bengali Speaking Population rises to twice as that of Assamese speaking People Sentinelassam 21 July 2018 2011 Census of India Population By Mother TongueReferences EditDas Smriti 1998 Assam Bhutan relations with special reference to duars from 1681 to 1949 PhD Guwahati University hdl 10603 67909 Phuntsho Karma 2013 The History of Bhutan Penguin Books ISBN 9781908323583 External links EditDarrang District s Official Government website Coordinates 26 45 N 92 30 E 26 750 N 92 500 E 26 750 92 500 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Darrang district amp oldid 1145128442, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
