Cox's Bazar (Bengali: কক্সবাজার জেলা, Cox's Bazar Jela also Cox's Bazar Zila) is a district in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh.[3] It is named after Cox's Bazar town. It is located 150 kilometres (93 mi) south of Chittagong. Cox's Bazar is also known by the name Panowa ("yellow flower"). Another old name was Palongkee. The modern Cox's Bazar derives its name from Captain Hiram Cox (died 1799), an army officer who served in British India. It is one of the fishing ports of Bangladesh. At Cox's Bazar is one of the world's longest natural sea beaches (120 kilometres (75 mi) long including mud flats).
Often termed as the world's longest beach, Cox's Bazar is a major tourist destination within Bangladesh.
Cox's Bazar District has an area of 2,491.86 km2 (962.11 sq mi). It is bounded by Chittagong District on the north, Bay of Bengal in the south, Bandarban District on the east, and the Bay of Bengal on the west. Major rivers include Matamuhuri, Bakkhali, Reju Khal, Naf River, Maheshkhali channel and Kutubdia channel. The area of the city of Cox's Bazar is 6.85 km2 (2.64 sq mi).
History
The history of Cox's Bazar begins in the Mughal period. On his way to Arakan, when the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja (1616–1660) passed through the hilly terrain of the present day Cox's Bazar, he was attracted to the scenic nature of the region. He commanded his forces to camp there. A place named Dulahazara, meaning "one thousand palanquins", still exists in the area.
After the Mughals, the place came under the control of the Tipras and the Arakanese, followed by the Portuguese and then the British.
Cox's Bazar is named after Captain Hiram Cox, an officer of the East India Company, who was assigned with the charges of the current day Cox's Bazar and its adjacent areas.[4][5] The town of Cox's Bazar was established in 1799 as a market town to honour Captain Cox. In 1854, Cox's Bazar was made a Sub Divisional headquarter in Chittagong district under the Bengal Presidency of British India.
After the end of British rule in 1947, Cox's Bazar remained a part of East Pakistan under the Dominion of Pakistan till 1971. Captain Advocate Fazlul Karim was the first chairman after independence from the British of Cox's Bazar municipality. He established the Tamarisk Forest along the beach to draw tourism to the town and to protect the beach from the tide. He donated many of his father-in-law's and his own lands to establish a public library and town hall. In 1971, the wharf was used as a naval port by the Pakistan Navy's gunboats. This and the nearby airstrip of the Pakistan Air Force were the scene of intense shelling by the Indian Navy during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971.
In the year 1984, Cox's Bazar was upgraded into a District from a Sub Division under the Chittagong Division.
Starting in 2017, a "mass human exodus" of the Rohingya Muslim minority group from neighboring Myanmar's Rakhine State led to the creation, in Cox's Bazar, of the "world's largest refugee settlement" over the following year. In the first year, the UNHCR estimated that 725,000 refugees had sought safety in Bangladesh.[6]
Upazila (Subdivisions)
Inani Beach
There are nine upazilas under this district, namely:
The annual average temperature in Cox's Bazar is 32.8 °C (91.0 °F) and a minimum of 16.1 °C (61.0 °F). The climate remains hot and humid with some seasons of temperate weather. The average amount of rainfall is 4,285 mm (168.7 in).
According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Cox's Bazar District had 587,127 households and a population of 2,823,265, 43.6% of whom lived in urban areas. The population density was 1,133 people per km2. The literacy rate (age 7 and over) was 71.5%, compared to the national average of 74.7%.[1]
93.97% are Muslims, 4.26% Hindus and 1.65% Buddhists. Ethnic population is 14,551. The local dialect is Chittagonian, although there are many Rohingya speakers due to the massive refugee camps.
Economy
The major livelihood of Cox's Bazar district is tourism. Millions of foreign and Bangladeshi natives visit this coastal city every year. A number of hotels, guest houses, and motels have been built in the city and coastal region and the hospitality industry is a major employer in the area.
A number of people are involved in the fishing and collection of seafoods and sea products. Oysters, snails, pearls and jewelry made from shells are popular with the tourists in the seaside and city stores. A number of people are also involved in the transportation business for tourists. Many people of the district are farmers.
In 2002, a surfing club was initiated at Cox's Bazar by a local Bangladeshi. It has now extended to holding an annual competition including locals and foreign tourists. This is the first surfing initiative in Bangladesh's history.
Places of interest
Cox's Bazar (Kolatoli Sea Beach) after sunset
Cox's Bazar, mostly known for its beach and sunsets,[citation needed] has several other attractions, including:
Aggmeda Khyang, a large Buddhist monastery, and a place revered by around 400,000 Buddhist people of Cox's Bazar Hill Tracts.[10]
Himchori from top
Himchori, located about 8 km (5 mi) south of Cox's Bazar, is a picnic spot with waterfalls and hill top from where views of the sea can be seen. Birds and terrestrial animals roam near the road.
Inani Beach has interesting rocks and coral boulders. It is 32 km (20 mi) from the main beach.
Coxsbazar Circuit House, located 2 km (1.2 mi) from Laboni Point, has a viewpoint from which the ocean can be seen. There are also views of Cox's Bazar city.[11]
St. Martin's Island, the only coral island in Bangladesh, is situated at 9 km (5.6 mi) south of Teknaf. It is a tourist spot.
Dulhazra Safari Park, a safari park in Bangladesh which is situated at Chakaria Upazila. It has a range of exotic animals such as birds, snakes, and water beasts.
Ukhiya Central Ananda Bhavan Vihar, a renowned Buddhist temple dating from 1782 located at Patabari, Ukhia (3-minute distance from the Arakan highway) 33 km away from the main town of Cox's Bazar.[12][13]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cox's Bazar District.
^ abcPopulation and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. pp. viii, 29, 38, 45. ISBN978-984-35-2977-0.
^"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
^Mohammad Mahibbullah Siddiqi (2012). "Cox's Bazar District". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
^G. P. Ramachandra (September 1981). "Captain Hiram Cox's Mission to Burma, 1796-1798: A Case of Irrational Behaviour in Diplomacy". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. Cambridge University Press. 12 (2): 433–451. doi:10.1017/s0022463400009966. JSTOR 20070440. S2CID 162684044.
^Jerdan, William; Workman, William Ring; Arnold, Frederick; Morley, John; Goodwin, Charles Wycliffe (1842-08-07). Literary Gazette and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, Volume 8. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
^Kolstad, Kristine, "Cox's Bazar: The world's largest refugee settlement", Norwegian Refugee Council, 24 August 2018. Retrieved 2019-05-26.
^নতুন আরও তিনটি উপজেলা. Bangla Tribune (in Bengali). 2021-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
^"Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province" (PDF).
^Aggmeda Khyang Monastery in Cox's Bazar 14 March 2020, dailyasianage.com, accessed 29 March 2021
^Cox's Bazar Hill Top Circuit House www.touristplaces.com.bd, accessed 29 March 2021
^Welcome to Ukhiya Central Ananda Bhavan Vihar Patabari, Ukhiya ,Cox's bazar, Bangladesh Buddhist Temple ucabv.webs.com, accessed 29 March 2021
^Ukhia Central Ananda Bhaban Vihar www.localprayers.com, accessed 29 March 2021
External links
Official website
New York Times Travel Article, December 2006
May 24, 2023
bazar, district, other, uses, bazar, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspaper. For other uses see Cox s Bazar disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Cox s Bazar District news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message Cox s Bazar Bengali কক সব জ র জ ল Cox s Bazar Jela also Cox s Bazar Zila is a district in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh 3 It is named after Cox s Bazar town It is located 150 kilometres 93 mi south of Chittagong Cox s Bazar is also known by the name Panowa yellow flower Another old name was Palongkee The modern Cox s Bazar derives its name from Captain Hiram Cox died 1799 an army officer who served in British India It is one of the fishing ports of Bangladesh At Cox s Bazar is one of the world s longest natural sea beaches 120 kilometres 75 mi long including mud flats Cox s Bazar কক সব জ র জ ল District of BangladeshClockwise from top left Fasiakhali Wildlife Sanctuary Adinath Temple at Maheshkhali Himchori Waterfall Sunset at Teknaf Beach Rangkut Banasram Pilgrimage Monastery in RamuLocation of Cox s Bazar District within BangladeshExpandable map of Cox s Bazar DistrictCoordinates 21 15 N 92 06 E 21 25 N 92 10 E 21 25 92 10Country BangladeshDivisionChittagong DivisionGovernment Deputy CommissionerMd Mamunur RashidArea Total2 491 85 km2 962 11 sq mi Population 2022 census 1 Total2 823 265 Density1 100 km2 2 900 sq mi Time zoneUTC 06 00 BST HDI 2019 0 574 2 medium 19th of 20Websitewww wbr coxsbazar wbr gov wbr bd Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Upazila Subdivisions 4 Education 5 Climate 6 Demographics 7 Economy 8 Places of interest 9 Notable people 10 Notes 11 References 12 External linksGeography EditOften termed as the world s longest beach Cox s Bazar is a major tourist destination within Bangladesh Cox s Bazar District has an area of 2 491 86 km2 962 11 sq mi It is bounded by Chittagong District on the north Bay of Bengal in the south Bandarban District on the east and the Bay of Bengal on the west Major rivers include Matamuhuri Bakkhali Reju Khal Naf River Maheshkhali channel and Kutubdia channel The area of the city of Cox s Bazar is 6 85 km2 2 64 sq mi History EditThe history of Cox s Bazar begins in the Mughal period On his way to Arakan when the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja 1616 1660 passed through the hilly terrain of the present day Cox s Bazar he was attracted to the scenic nature of the region He commanded his forces to camp there A place named Dulahazara meaning one thousand palanquins still exists in the area After the Mughals the place came under the control of the Tipras and the Arakanese followed by the Portuguese and then the British Cox s Bazar is named after Captain Hiram Cox an officer of the East India Company who was assigned with the charges of the current day Cox s Bazar and its adjacent areas 4 5 The town of Cox s Bazar was established in 1799 as a market town to honour Captain Cox In 1854 Cox s Bazar was made a Sub Divisional headquarter in Chittagong district under the Bengal Presidency of British India After the end of British rule in 1947 Cox s Bazar remained a part of East Pakistan under the Dominion of Pakistan till 1971 Captain Advocate Fazlul Karim was the first chairman after independence from the British of Cox s Bazar municipality He established the Tamarisk Forest along the beach to draw tourism to the town and to protect the beach from the tide He donated many of his father in law s and his own lands to establish a public library and town hall In 1971 the wharf was used as a naval port by the Pakistan Navy s gunboats This and the nearby airstrip of the Pakistan Air Force were the scene of intense shelling by the Indian Navy during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 In the year 1984 Cox s Bazar was upgraded into a District from a Sub Division under the Chittagong Division Starting in 2017 a mass human exodus of the Rohingya Muslim minority group from neighboring Myanmar s Rakhine State led to the creation in Cox s Bazar of the world s largest refugee settlement over the following year In the first year the UNHCR estimated that 725 000 refugees had sought safety in Bangladesh 6 Upazila Subdivisions Edit Inani Beach There are nine upazilas under this district namely Chakaria Upazila Cox s Bazar Sadar Upazila Kutubdia Upazila Maheshkhali Upazila Ramu Upazila Teknaf Upazila Ukhia Upazila Pekua Upazila Eidgaon Upazila 7 Education EditCox s Bazar Medical College Cox s Bazar Polytechnic Institute Cox s Bazar Govt College Cox s Bazar Govt Women College Cox s Bazar City College Cox s Bazar International University Cox s Bazar Commerce College Cox s Bazar DC College Cox s Bazar Harvard College Ramu Degree College Teknaf CollegeClimate EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message The annual average temperature in Cox s Bazar is 32 8 C 91 0 F and a minimum of 16 1 C 61 0 F The climate remains hot and humid with some seasons of temperate weather The average amount of rainfall is 4 285 mm 168 7 in Demographics EditHistorical populationYearPop p a 1974809 310 19811 026 172 3 45 19911 419 260 3 30 20011 773 709 2 25 20112 289 990 2 59 20222 823 265 1 92 Sources 1 8 According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh Cox s Bazar District had 587 127 households and a population of 2 823 265 43 6 of whom lived in urban areas The population density was 1 133 people per km2 The literacy rate age 7 and over was 71 5 compared to the national average of 74 7 1 Religions in Cox s Bazar district 2011 8 Religion PercentMuslims 93 97 Hindus 4 26 Buddhists 1 65 Other or not stated 0 12 Religion in present day Cox s Bazar district a Religion Population 1941 9 104 105 Percentage 1941 Population 2011 8 Percentage 2011 Islam 342 378 86 22 2 151 958 93 97 Buddhism 27 211 6 85 37 822 1 65 Hinduism 26 907 6 78 97 648 4 26 Others b 617 0 16 2 562 0 12 Total Population 397 113 100 2 289 990 100 93 97 are Muslims 4 26 Hindus and 1 65 Buddhists Ethnic population is 14 551 The local dialect is Chittagonian although there are many Rohingya speakers due to the massive refugee camps Economy EditThe major livelihood of Cox s Bazar district is tourism Millions of foreign and Bangladeshi natives visit this coastal city every year A number of hotels guest houses and motels have been built in the city and coastal region and the hospitality industry is a major employer in the area A number of people are involved in the fishing and collection of seafoods and sea products Oysters snails pearls and jewelry made from shells are popular with the tourists in the seaside and city stores A number of people are also involved in the transportation business for tourists Many people of the district are farmers In 2002 a surfing club was initiated at Cox s Bazar by a local Bangladeshi It has now extended to holding an annual competition including locals and foreign tourists This is the first surfing initiative in Bangladesh s history Places of interest Edit Cox s Bazar Kolatoli Sea Beach after sunset Cox s Bazar mostly known for its beach and sunsets citation needed has several other attractions including Aggmeda Khyang a large Buddhist monastery and a place revered by around 400 000 Buddhist people of Cox s Bazar Hill Tracts 10 Himchori from top Himchori located about 8 km 5 mi south of Cox s Bazar is a picnic spot with waterfalls and hill top from where views of the sea can be seen Birds and terrestrial animals roam near the road Inani Beach has interesting rocks and coral boulders It is 32 km 20 mi from the main beach Coxsbazar Circuit House located 2 km 1 2 mi from Laboni Point has a viewpoint from which the ocean can be seen There are also views of Cox s Bazar city 11 St Martin s Island the only coral island in Bangladesh is situated at 9 km 5 6 mi south of Teknaf It is a tourist spot Dulhazra Safari Park a safari park in Bangladesh which is situated at Chakaria Upazila It has a range of exotic animals such as birds snakes and water beasts Ukhiya Central Ananda Bhavan Vihar a renowned Buddhist temple dating from 1782 located at Patabari Ukhia 3 minute distance from the Arakan highway 33 km away from the main town of Cox s Bazar 12 13 Notable people EditAnisur Rahman Zico born 1997 Bangladeshi footballer Obaidullah Hamzah born 1972 Islamic scholar and economist Mohammad Nurul Huda born 1949 poet and novelist awarded the Ekushey Padak in 2015 citation needed Aye Thein Rakhaine born 1962 former MP citation needed Shaimum Sarwar Kamal the elected MP in Cox s Bazar Salimullah Khan eminent thinker of Bangladesh Mominul Haque Bangladeshi cricketer now captain of Bangladesh national cricket team in test format Major General Hamidul Haque officer in Bangladesh ArmyNotes Edit Cox s Bazar subdivision of Chittagong district Including Jainism Christianity Buddhism Zoroastrianism Judaism Ad Dharmis or not statedReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cox s Bazar District a b c Population and Housing Census 2022 Preliminary Report Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics August 2022 pp viii 29 38 45 ISBN 978 984 35 2977 0 Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 2020 03 18 Mohammad Mahibbullah Siddiqi 2012 Cox s Bazar District In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A Jamal ed Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh G P Ramachandra September 1981 Captain Hiram Cox s Mission to Burma 1796 1798 A Case of Irrational Behaviour in Diplomacy Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Cambridge University Press 12 2 433 451 doi 10 1017 s0022463400009966 JSTOR 20070440 S2CID 162684044 Jerdan William Workman William Ring Arnold Frederick Morley John Goodwin Charles Wycliffe 1842 08 07 Literary Gazette and Journal of Belles Lettres Arts Sciences Volume 8 Retrieved 2013 09 07 Kolstad Kristine Cox s Bazar The world s largest refugee settlement Norwegian Refugee Council 24 August 2018 Retrieved 2019 05 26 নত ন আরও ত নট উপজ ল Bangla Tribune in Bengali 2021 07 26 Retrieved 2021 07 26 a b c Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report Cox s Bazar PDF bbs gov bd Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Census of India 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province PDF Aggmeda Khyang Monastery in Cox s Bazar 14 March 2020 dailyasianage com accessed 29 March 2021 Cox s Bazar Hill Top Circuit House www touristplaces com bd accessed 29 March 2021 Welcome to Ukhiya Central Ananda Bhavan Vihar Patabari Ukhiya Cox s bazar Bangladesh Buddhist Temple ucabv webs com accessed 29 March 2021 Ukhia Central Ananda Bhaban Vihar www localprayers com accessed 29 March 2021External links EditOfficial website New York Times Travel Article December 2006 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cox 27s Bazar District amp oldid 1156415438, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
