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Constitution of Honduras

June 10, 2023

The Political Constitution of the Republic of Honduras (Spanish: Constitución Política de la República de Honduras) was approved on 11 January 1982, published on 20 January 1982,[1] amended by the National Congress of Honduras 26 times from 1984 to 2005,[2] and 10 interpretations by Congress were made from 1982 to 2005.[3][4] It is Honduras' twelfth constitution since independence in 1838. Previous charters were adopted in 1839, 1848, 1865, 1873, 1880, 1894, 1906, 1924, 1936, 1957 and 1965.[5]

The Constitution of Honduras gained notoriety because of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis that removed President Manuel Zelaya and saw Roberto Micheletti take his place. In 2009 Óscar Arias, then President of Costa Rica, who had been asked by the US State Department to help arbitrate the crisis, termed the Honduran constitution the "worst in the entire world" and an "invitation to coups."[6]

Early history

1838–1981

Honduras broke away from the Central American Federation in October 1838 and became an independent sovereign state. However, in the 1840s and 1850s Honduras participated in several conferences Central American Union, which did not work, such as the Confederation of Central America (1842–1845), the covenant of Guatemala (1842), the Diet of Sonsonate (1846) and National Representation in Central America (1849–1852). It later adopted the name of Republic of Honduras.

In 1847 the National Autonomous University of Honduras (public) was founded during the administration of President-elect John Lindo; it taught civil law, philosophy and literature, among others.

In 1860, after his defeat in Nicaragua, Trujillo came to the U.S. (former president of Nicaragua) William Walker influenced by the ambiguous Monroe doctrine ( "America for Americans"). After deviating from his initial goal was the Bay Islands and the Mosquito, which previously belonged to Britain, barricaded himself in the Fortress of San Fernando in Omoa and was shot in Trujillo on 12 September 1860, during the presidential General Jose Santos Guardiola, who was assassinated two years later, before the end of his term.[clarification needed]

Marco Aurelio Soto Came to power in 1876 and implemented liberal reforms in the country. These reforms of administrative, political, economic and social development, tried to spin 90 degrees to the disastrous situation lived Honduras. Soto managed to improve lines of communication and others service. Construction of sections of railroad, the telegraph system and launched an education program unprecedented in the country. Despite the progress made during the administration, Honduras again fell back on social instability by failing to have products such as coffee grounds or snuff how to build a stable economy.

During the second half of the nineteenth century Honduras continued to participate in diplomatic efforts to restore political unity of Central America, and conference of The Union (1872) and Guatemala (1876). On 1 November 1898, the Greater Republic changed its name to Central America, but these were dissolved on 30 November and resumed sovereignty Honduras.[5]

Constitution of 11 January 1982

Following several decades of military governments, a constituent assembly prepared a new constitution, agreed on it on 11 January 1982 and published it on 20 January 1982 in the official journal "La Gaceta".[3] Since then, the National Congress of Honduras made 26 amendments (ratified in 1984, 1986, 1987 (twice), 1988 (twice), 1990, 1991, 1995 (twice), 1996, 1998, 1999 (three times), 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 (four times), 2004 (twice) and 2005 (twice) and 10 interpretations from 1982 to 2005.[1]

The 13th amendment to the Constitution was voted by Congress on 30 September 1998, to make the President commander in chief of the armed forces.[7] The amendment was ratified by Congress by a vote of 128-0 on 26 January 1999[8] and signed by President Flores. This ended 42 years of military autonomy; the military had previously been governed by a military parliament and a commander in chief from the armed forces.

Constituent assembly controversy

From 2006 to 28 June 2009

Main articles: 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis § Referendum on Constitutional Assembly, and 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis § Constitutionality of Referendum

Starting in 2006[9] and leading to the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis and removal of Zelaya, debate occurred in Honduran society regarding the creation of a constituent assembly in order to rewrite the constitution, with support from many groups.[10] President Manuel Zelaya played an important role in the debate and was arrested and exiled to Costa Rica by military officers on 28 June 2009. Whether or not it is constitutionally valid to hold a constituent assembly was a controversial issue, since Article 374 contains entrenched clauses regarding Article 373 and Article 374 itself, and Article 373 as interpreted by Decree 169/1986 defines the method of modifying the constitution:

Article 373.- The reform of this Constitution may be ordered by the National Congress, in regular sessions, with two-thirds of votes of all of its members. The decree brought to the effect on the article or articles to be reformed, must be ratified by the subsequent regular parliamentary session of an equal number of votes, to enter into force.

A wide range of social organisations and some political parties coordinated together as the Frente Nacional de Resistencia contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras. In response to an international mediation meeting held in San Jose in Costa Rica in relation to the removal of the President, in which Zelaya would accept to take no actions that could lead towards a constituent assembly, the FNGE declared that it "strongly [supports] the continuation of processes for participatory democracy, which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National Constituent Assembly and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members."[11][12] On 28 August, in response to the nearing date of the Honduran general and presidential elections that are planned to be held on 29 November 2009, FNGE declared its concerns regarding the electoral process and again called for a "popular, participatory, inclusive, non-discriminatory and democratic" constituent assembly to be held.[13]

Following the removal of Zelaya, women's groups in Honduras, in particular Feminists in Resistance, have strongly supported the aim of holding a constituent assembly. Bertha Cáceres of the Civic Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras (COPINH) and the Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras said that a constituent assembly would be important in order to defend women's rights. She stated, "For the first time we would be able to establish a precedent for the emancipation of women, to begin to break these forms of domination. The current constitution never mentions women, not once, so to establish our human rights, our reproductive, sexual, political, social, and economic rights as women would be to really confront this system of domination."[14]

On 31 August 2009, following the "XVIII National Gathering of Afro-Honduran Youth of the Organization for Ethnic and Community Development (ODECO)," Afro-Honduran youth leaders from several dozen different towns and cities made a declaration, of which some of the aims were the "immediate implementation of the right to plebiscite and referendum" and the convocation of a plebiscite in order to organise a constituent assembly that would write a new constitution. The youth leaders called for the plebiscite to be held on the "last Sunday of November of 2010" and for "clear guarantees for wider and more representative participation among all sectors of the Honduran people".[15]

Debate about the constitutionality of the 2009 presidential ouster

Main article: 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis

The constitutionality of the removal of Zelaya from Honduras on 28 June 2009 was controversial.

Articles of the 1982 Constitution

Several articles of the 1982 Constitution that were referred to during the crisis include the following.

Article 3 of the Constitution states that nobody has an obligation to obey a government that has taken power through armed force, that acts by such a government are [legally] null, and that people have the right to insurrection in order to defend constitutional government.[4] The Constitution forbids handing over or expatriating Hondurans to foreign countries.[16][17][18] A Honduran citizen who has held the title of Executive can not be President or Vice President of the Republic, and the person that breaks this regulation or proposes its amendment, as well as those who assist him directly or indirectly, will cease immediately to hold their respective offices, and will be disqualified for ten years from holding any public office.[19]

Article 373 states, "The reform of the Constitution can be decreed by the National Congress, in ordinary session, by a vote of two thirds the totality of its members, and must specify the article or articles that are to be reformed, and must be ratified by an equal number of votes in the subsequent ordinary legislature."[4] Article 374 states, "It is not possible to reform, in any case, the preceding article, the present article, the constitutional articles referring to the form of government, to the national territory, to the presidential period, the prohibition to serve again as President of the Republic, the citizen who has performed under any title in consequence of which she/he cannot be President of the Republic in the subsequent period."[4]

References to the 1982 Constitution

In the crisis, President Manuel Zelaya was removed from the country by military force on the 28th of June after the Supreme Court of Honduras had issued an order (apparently) on June 26 for his detention. The Supreme Court membership had been renewed in January 2009. Afterwards the court published a explaining its actions. The validity of the court's ruling has been challenged.[citation needed] Some have complained that the court is partisan. Larry Birns, director of the Washington-based Council on Hemispheric Affairs, has described the Honduran Supreme Court as "one of the most corrupt institutions in Latin America."[20] The national Congress claims to have affirmed the Supreme Court's ruling by a vote of 125 to 3, in a show of hands on the day Zelaya was removed, 28 June 2009.[21] The Unión Democrática members, however, say they were not there, and some Liberal Party members have since said they did not vote for the motion.[citation needed]

President Zelaya disputes[22] that he was seeking to extend his term in office, arguing that he wanted to conduct a public opinion poll on whether a constitutional convention should be convened to consider various constitutional changes including allowing successive terms in office for the president.

On the annual Central American Independence Day, 15 September 2009, the National Resistance Front Against the Coup d'état in Honduras declared that the National Resistance Front constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans' right under Article 3 of the 1982 Constitution to resist against a government imposed by armed force.[23]

Decree PCM-M-016-2009

From 22 September 2009[24] to 19 October 2009,[25] five constitutional rights were suspended in the Micheletti de facto government's Decree PCM-M-016-2009: personal liberty (Article 69), freedom of expression (Article 72), freedom of movement (Article 81), habeas corpus (Article 84) and freedom of association.[26][27] On 29 September, one day after the decree was used to shut down the television stations Channel 36 and Radio Globo,[24] the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (IAHCR) "expressed its most energetic rejection" of PCM-M-016-2009 and asked for the immediate suspension of its enforcement, because according to the IACHR, it "flagrantly [contradicted] the international standards for freedom of expression".[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Asamblea Nacional Constituyente (1982-01-20). (PDF). La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de la República de Honduras. Tegucigalpa: Republica de Honduras: 24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-05. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
  2. ^ Dates of ratification.
  3. ^ a b . National Congress of Honduras. 2009-08-01. Archived from the original on 2009-08-03. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
  4. ^ a b c d Republic of Honduras: Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms. Political Database of the Americas (in Spanish). Georgetown University.
  5. ^ a b Nohlen, Dieter (2005). Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook. Oxford University Press. p. 402. ISBN 0-19-928357-5.
  6. ^ Grandin, Greg (2009-10-26). "Honduran Coup Regime in Crisis". The Nation. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
  7. ^ National Congress of Honduras (1999-01-29). "Decreto No. 245-98" (PDF). La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de la República de Honduras. Tegucigalpa: Republica de Honduras: 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2009-08-01. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
  8. ^ University of California at San Diego library, Latin American elections statistics 1998-2007 2009-07-17 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 2009.
  9. ^ Central America report, 4 August 2006, excerpted in University of California at San Diego libraries, Latin American election statistics, retrieved 2009. 2009-07-26.
  10. ^ Dangl, Benjamin (2009-09-21). . Upside Down World. Archived from the original on 2009-10-12. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
  11. ^ . Association for Women's Rights in Development. 2009-07-10. Archived from the original on 2009-08-07. Retrieved 2009-08-10.
  12. ^ Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras (2009-07-10). . Archived from the original on 2009-10-29. Retrieved 2009-08-10.
  13. ^ Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras (2009-08-28). (in Spanish). National Resistance Front (Honduras). Archived from the original on 2009-09-02. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
  14. ^ Carlsen, Laura (2009-08-20). . Center for International Policy. Archived from the original on 2009-09-02. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
  15. ^ Organization for Ethnic and Community Development (ODECO) (2009-08-31). . Narco News. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
  16. ^ Republic of Honduras: Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms; Article 102. Political Database of the Americas (in Spanish). Georgetown University.
  17. ^ ""Un regreso al país en este momento podría desatar un baño de sangre": Rodríguez hizo enfásis que hasta el día de hoy no ha muerto ni un solo hondureño". LaPrensa.hn (in Spanish). 2009-07-04. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  18. ^ (PDF). ElHeraldo.hn. 2009-07-04. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-07-18. Retrieved 2009-07-05.
  19. ^ Republic of Honduras: Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms; Article 239. Political Database of the Americas (in Spanish). Georgetown University.
  20. ^ "Police clash with demonstrators in Honduran capital", CNN, 29 June 2009; retrieved July 2009.
  21. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-08-05.
  22. ^ "Why President Zelaya's Actions in Honduras Were Legal and Constitutional". Rebel Reports. July 1, 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-25.
  23. ^ . National Resistance Front (Honduras). 2009-09-15. Archived from the original on 2009-10-29. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
  24. ^ a b c "The Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression condemns the suspension of guarantees in Honduras and the violations of the right to freedom of expression". Organization of American States. 2009-09-29. from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
  25. ^ Rosenberg, Mica; Gustavo Palencia (2009-10-19). "Honduras de facto leader lifts ban on media, protests". Reuters. from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
  26. ^ Ordaz, Pablo (2009-09-28). . El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
  27. ^ Giordano, Al (2009-09-27). . Narco News. Archived from the original on 2009-10-01. Retrieved 2009-10-19.

External links

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Constitution of Honduras.

June 10, 2023
constitution, honduras, this, article, needs, updated, please, help, update, this, article, reflect, recent, events, newly, available, information, january, 2018, political, constitution, republic, honduras, spanish, constitución, política, república, honduras. This article needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information January 2018 The Political Constitution of the Republic of Honduras Spanish Constitucion Politica de la Republica de Honduras was approved on 11 January 1982 published on 20 January 1982 1 amended by the National Congress of Honduras 26 times from 1984 to 2005 2 and 10 interpretations by Congress were made from 1982 to 2005 3 4 It is Honduras twelfth constitution since independence in 1838 Previous charters were adopted in 1839 1848 1865 1873 1880 1894 1906 1924 1936 1957 and 1965 5 The Constitution of Honduras gained notoriety because of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis that removed President Manuel Zelaya and saw Roberto Micheletti take his place In 2009 oscar Arias then President of Costa Rica who had been asked by the US State Department to help arbitrate the crisis termed the Honduran constitution the worst in the entire world and an invitation to coups 6 Contents 1 Early history 1 1 1838 1981 1 2 Constitution of 11 January 1982 2 Constituent assembly controversy 2 1 From 2006 to 28 June 2009 3 Debate about the constitutionality of the 2009 presidential ouster 3 1 Articles of the 1982 Constitution 3 2 References to the 1982 Constitution 4 Decree PCM M 016 2009 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksEarly history Edit1838 1981 Edit This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2009 Honduras broke away from the Central American Federation in October 1838 and became an independent sovereign state However in the 1840s and 1850s Honduras participated in several conferences Central American Union which did not work such as the Confederation of Central America 1842 1845 the covenant of Guatemala 1842 the Diet of Sonsonate 1846 and National Representation in Central America 1849 1852 It later adopted the name of Republic of Honduras In 1847 the National Autonomous University of Honduras public was founded during the administration of President elect John Lindo it taught civil law philosophy and literature among others In 1860 after his defeat in Nicaragua Trujillo came to the U S former president of Nicaragua William Walker influenced by the ambiguous Monroe doctrine America for Americans After deviating from his initial goal was the Bay Islands and the Mosquito which previously belonged to Britain barricaded himself in the Fortress of San Fernando in Omoa and was shot in Trujillo on 12 September 1860 during the presidential General Jose Santos Guardiola who was assassinated two years later before the end of his term clarification needed Marco Aurelio Soto Came to power in 1876 and implemented liberal reforms in the country These reforms of administrative political economic and social development tried to spin 90 degrees to the disastrous situation lived Honduras Soto managed to improve lines of communication and others service Construction of sections of railroad the telegraph system and launched an education program unprecedented in the country Despite the progress made during the administration Honduras again fell back on social instability by failing to have products such as coffee grounds or snuff how to build a stable economy During the second half of the nineteenth century Honduras continued to participate in diplomatic efforts to restore political unity of Central America and conference of The Union 1872 and Guatemala 1876 On 1 November 1898 the Greater Republic changed its name to Central America but these were dissolved on 30 November and resumed sovereignty Honduras 5 Constitution of 11 January 1982 Edit Following several decades of military governments a constituent assembly prepared a new constitution agreed on it on 11 January 1982 and published it on 20 January 1982 in the official journal La Gaceta 3 Since then the National Congress of Honduras made 26 amendments ratified in 1984 1986 1987 twice 1988 twice 1990 1991 1995 twice 1996 1998 1999 three times 2000 2001 2002 2003 four times 2004 twice and 2005 twice and 10 interpretations from 1982 to 2005 1 The 13th amendment to the Constitution was voted by Congress on 30 September 1998 to make the President commander in chief of the armed forces 7 The amendment was ratified by Congress by a vote of 128 0 on 26 January 1999 8 and signed by President Flores This ended 42 years of military autonomy the military had previously been governed by a military parliament and a commander in chief from the armed forces Constituent assembly controversy EditFrom 2006 to 28 June 2009 Edit Main articles 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis Referendum on Constitutional Assembly and 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis Constitutionality of Referendum Starting in 2006 9 and leading to the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis and removal of Zelaya debate occurred in Honduran society regarding the creation of a constituent assembly in order to rewrite the constitution with support from many groups 10 President Manuel Zelaya played an important role in the debate and was arrested and exiled to Costa Rica by military officers on 28 June 2009 Whether or not it is constitutionally valid to hold a constituent assembly was a controversial issue since Article 374 contains entrenched clauses regarding Article 373 and Article 374 itself and Article 373 as interpreted by Decree 169 1986 defines the method of modifying the constitution Article 373 The reform of this Constitution may be ordered by the National Congress in regular sessions with two thirds of votes of all of its members The decree brought to the effect on the article or articles to be reformed must be ratified by the subsequent regular parliamentary session of an equal number of votes to enter into force A wide range of social organisations and some political parties coordinated together as the Frente Nacional de Resistencia contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras In response to an international mediation meeting held in San Jose in Costa Rica in relation to the removal of the President in which Zelaya would accept to take no actions that could lead towards a constituent assembly the FNGE declared that it strongly supports the continuation of processes for participatory democracy which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National Constituent Assembly and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members 11 12 On 28 August in response to the nearing date of the Honduran general and presidential elections that are planned to be held on 29 November 2009 FNGE declared its concerns regarding the electoral process and again called for a popular participatory inclusive non discriminatory and democratic constituent assembly to be held 13 Following the removal of Zelaya women s groups in Honduras in particular Feminists in Resistance have strongly supported the aim of holding a constituent assembly Bertha Caceres of the Civic Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras COPINH and the Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras said that a constituent assembly would be important in order to defend women s rights She stated For the first time we would be able to establish a precedent for the emancipation of women to begin to break these forms of domination The current constitution never mentions women not once so to establish our human rights our reproductive sexual political social and economic rights as women would be to really confront this system of domination 14 On 31 August 2009 following the XVIII National Gathering of Afro Honduran Youth of the Organization for Ethnic and Community Development ODECO Afro Honduran youth leaders from several dozen different towns and cities made a declaration of which some of the aims were the immediate implementation of the right to plebiscite and referendum and the convocation of a plebiscite in order to organise a constituent assembly that would write a new constitution The youth leaders called for the plebiscite to be held on the last Sunday of November of 2010 and for clear guarantees for wider and more representative participation among all sectors of the Honduran people 15 Debate about the constitutionality of the 2009 presidential ouster EditMain article 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis The constitutionality of the removal of Zelaya from Honduras on 28 June 2009 was controversial Articles of the 1982 Constitution Edit Several articles of the 1982 Constitution that were referred to during the crisis include the following Article 3 of the Constitution states that nobody has an obligation to obey a government that has taken power through armed force that acts by such a government are legally null and that people have the right to insurrection in order to defend constitutional government 4 The Constitution forbids handing over or expatriating Hondurans to foreign countries 16 17 18 A Honduran citizen who has held the title of Executive can not be President or Vice President of the Republic and the person that breaks this regulation or proposes its amendment as well as those who assist him directly or indirectly will cease immediately to hold their respective offices and will be disqualified for ten years from holding any public office 19 Article 373 states The reform of the Constitution can be decreed by the National Congress in ordinary session by a vote of two thirds the totality of its members and must specify the article or articles that are to be reformed and must be ratified by an equal number of votes in the subsequent ordinary legislature 4 Article 374 states It is not possible to reform in any case the preceding article the present article the constitutional articles referring to the form of government to the national territory to the presidential period the prohibition to serve again as President of the Republic the citizen who has performed under any title in consequence of which she he cannot be President of the Republic in the subsequent period 4 References to the 1982 Constitution Edit In the crisis President Manuel Zelaya was removed from the country by military force on the 28th of June after the Supreme Court of Honduras had issued an order apparently on June 26 for his detention The Supreme Court membership had been renewed in January 2009 Afterwards the court published a Special Communication explaining its actions The validity of the court s ruling has been challenged citation needed Some have complained that the court is partisan Larry Birns director of the Washington based Council on Hemispheric Affairs has described the Honduran Supreme Court as one of the most corrupt institutions in Latin America 20 The national Congress claims to have affirmed the Supreme Court s ruling by a vote of 125 to 3 in a show of hands on the day Zelaya was removed 28 June 2009 21 The Union Democratica members however say they were not there and some Liberal Party members have since said they did not vote for the motion citation needed President Zelaya disputes 22 that he was seeking to extend his term in office arguing that he wanted to conduct a public opinion poll on whether a constitutional convention should be convened to consider various constitutional changes including allowing successive terms in office for the president On the annual Central American Independence Day 15 September 2009 the National Resistance Front Against the Coup d etat in Honduras declared that the National Resistance Front constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans right under Article 3 of the 1982 Constitution to resist against a government imposed by armed force 23 Decree PCM M 016 2009 EditFrom 22 September 2009 24 to 19 October 2009 25 five constitutional rights were suspended in the Micheletti de facto government s Decree PCM M 016 2009 personal liberty Article 69 freedom of expression Article 72 freedom of movement Article 81 habeas corpus Article 84 and freedom of association 26 27 On 29 September one day after the decree was used to shut down the television stations Channel 36 and Radio Globo 24 the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter American Commission of Human Rights IAHCR expressed its most energetic rejection of PCM M 016 2009 and asked for the immediate suspension of its enforcement because according to the IACHR it flagrantly contradicted the international standards for freedom of expression 24 See also EditPolitics of Honduras Honduras portal Law portalReferences Edit a b Asamblea Nacional Constituyente 1982 01 20 Asamblea Nacional Constituyente Decreto Numero 131 PDF La Gaceta Diario Oficial de la Republica de Honduras Tegucigalpa Republica de Honduras 24 Archived from the original PDF on 2010 07 05 Retrieved 2009 08 01 Dates of ratification a b Constitucion Vigente de Honduras National Congress of Honduras 2009 08 01 Archived from the original on 2009 08 03 Retrieved 2009 08 01 a b c d Republic of Honduras Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms Political Database of the Americas in Spanish Georgetown University a b Nohlen Dieter 2005 Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook Oxford University Press p 402 ISBN 0 19 928357 5 Grandin Greg 2009 10 26 Honduran Coup Regime in Crisis The Nation Retrieved 2012 11 11 National Congress of Honduras 1999 01 29 Decreto No 245 98 PDF La Gaceta Diario Oficial de la Republica de Honduras Tegucigalpa Republica de Honduras 3 Archived PDF from the original on 2009 08 01 Retrieved 2009 08 01 University of California at San Diego library Latin American elections statistics 1998 2007 Archived 2009 07 17 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2009 Central America report 4 August 2006 excerpted in University of California at San Diego libraries Latin American election statistics retrieved 2009 2009 07 26 Dangl Benjamin 2009 09 21 The Road to Zelaya s Return Money Guns and Social Movements in Honduras Upside Down World Archived from the original on 2009 10 12 Retrieved 2009 09 23 Never Again Coups Against Democracy Association for Women s Rights in Development 2009 07 10 Archived from the original on 2009 08 07 Retrieved 2009 08 10 Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras 2009 07 10 Posicionamiento frente al encuentro de San Jose Costa Rica Archived from the original on 2009 10 29 Retrieved 2009 08 10 Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras 2009 08 28 Posicion del Frente ante el proceso electoral 2009 Ni Campana Ni Elecciones Legitimas En El Marco Del Golpe in Spanish National Resistance Front Honduras Archived from the original on 2009 09 02 Retrieved 2009 09 03 Carlsen Laura 2009 08 20 Coup Catalyzes Honduran Women s Movement Center for International Policy Archived from the original on 2009 09 02 Retrieved 2009 09 23 Organization for Ethnic and Community Development ODECO 2009 08 31 We Call for a November 2010 Plebiscite so the Honduran People Can Vote on a New Constitution Declaration of the XVIII National Gathering of Afro Honduran Youth Narco News Archived from the original on 2009 09 03 Retrieved 2009 09 03 Republic of Honduras Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms Article 102 Political Database of the Americas in Spanish Georgetown University Un regreso al pais en este momento podria desatar un bano de sangre Rodriguez hizo enfasis que hasta el dia de hoy no ha muerto ni un solo hondureno LaPrensa hn in Spanish 2009 07 04 Retrieved 2009 07 04 Honduran Episcopal Conference s Communique PDF ElHeraldo hn 2009 07 04 Archived from the original PDF on 2009 07 18 Retrieved 2009 07 05 Republic of Honduras Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms Article 239 Political Database of the Americas in Spanish Georgetown University Police clash with demonstrators in Honduran capital CNN 29 June 2009 retrieved July 2009 Letter to Secretary Clinton on Honduras PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2009 08 05 Why President Zelaya s Actions in Honduras Were Legal and Constitutional Rebel Reports July 1 2009 Retrieved 2009 07 25 Proclama en el dia de la Independencia Centroamericana Al pueblo hondureno y a todos los pueblos del mundo National Resistance Front Honduras 2009 09 15 Archived from the original on 2009 10 29 Retrieved 2009 09 20 a b c The Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression condemns the suspension of guarantees in Honduras and the violations of the right to freedom of expression Organization of American States 2009 09 29 Archived from the original on 2011 06 14 Retrieved 2009 10 19 Rosenberg Mica Gustavo Palencia 2009 10 19 Honduras de facto leader lifts ban on media protests Reuters Archived from the original on 2011 07 21 Retrieved 2009 10 19 Ordaz Pablo 2009 09 28 Micheletti ordena el cierre de los medios de comunicacion afines a Zelaya El Pais in Spanish Archived from the original on 2011 05 13 Retrieved 2009 10 19 Giordano Al 2009 09 27 Honduras Coup Leader Micheletti Decrees 45 Day Suspension of Constitution Narco News Archived from the original on 2009 10 01 Retrieved 2009 10 19 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Constitution of Honduras Constitucion Vigente de Honduras National Congress of Honduras Honduran Constitution with 2005 reforms Georgetown University Political Database of the Americas in Spanish Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Constitution of Honduras amp oldid 1092405332, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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