Cirsium eriophorum, the woolly thistle,[2] is a herbaceous biennial species of flowering plant in the genus Cirsium of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of Europe. It is a large biennial plant with sharp spines on the tips of the leaves, and long, woolly hairs on much of the foliage. The flower heads are large and nearly spherical, with spines on the outside and many purple disc florets but no ray florets.[3][4]
A tall, biennial plant, C. eriophorum reaches heights of 50 to 150 cm (20 to 60 in). The strong, branched stem is densely woolly hairy but has no wings. The stiff leaves are usually pinnate with strong, yellow spines; the lowest leaves are up to 80 cm (30 in) long. The leaf margins are rolled over and the underside of the leaf is felted with white hair. The inflorescence is cymose with a few large flowers with a diameter of up to 7 cm (3 in). These are globular and densely covered with woolly hair. They contain many tubular florets, with long purple tubes and purple stamens, each with a spiny bract covered with white wool through which a spine projects.[2][5] The flowers are rich in nectar and attract bees, flies, beetles, butterflies and moths.[6]
Distribution and habitatedit
Cirsium eriophorum has a Central and Western Europe distribution. Its range extends from Upper Volga and the Balkans to the Netherlands, France and Britain.[6] It typically grows in grassland, scrubland and open woodland on chalk, limestone or alkaline clay soils, including the disturbed ground caused by quarrying. In Britain, it grows up to about 310 m (1,000 ft) and is largely confined to central and southern England.[7]
Usesedit
The young leaves of C. eriophorum can be eaten raw, and the young stems can be peeled and eaten raw or cooked, after being soaked in water to remove their bitterness. The flower buds can be used in a similar way to artichokes but smaller, and an edible oil can be extracted from the seeds. The pappus can be used as tinder for lighting fires.[6]
The plant is hardy and can be easily grown in a sunny position in the garden, in a wildflower meadow or in dappled shade in a woodland garden. It flowers between July and September.[6]
^"Cirsium eriophorum [Cardo lanoso] – Flora Italiana". luirig.altervista.org. from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
^Oberdorfer, Erich (2001). Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. ISBN3-8001-3131-5.
^ abcd"Cirsium eriophorum". Plants For A Future. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
^"Cirsium eriophorum". Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cirsium eriophorum.
Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden
Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora in English with photo
Czech Botany in Czech with photos
Tela Botanica in French with photos
Gesamtverzeichnis des Herbariums besteht aus drei Spezialverzeichnissen: Cirsium eriophorum, Wollköpfige Kratzdistel in German with photo
Terra Alapítvány, Növény adatlap, Cirsium eriophorum, Gyapjas aszat in Hungarian with photos
May 07, 2024
cirsium, eriophorum, woolly, thistle, herbaceous, biennial, species, flowering, plant, genus, cirsium, family, asteraceae, widespread, across, much, europe, large, biennial, plant, with, sharp, spines, tips, leaves, long, woolly, hairs, much, foliage, flower, . Cirsium eriophorum the woolly thistle 2 is a herbaceous biennial species of flowering plant in the genus Cirsium of the family Asteraceae It is widespread across much of Europe It is a large biennial plant with sharp spines on the tips of the leaves and long woolly hairs on much of the foliage The flower heads are large and nearly spherical with spines on the outside and many purple disc florets but no ray florets 3 4 Cirsium eriophorum Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Asterids Order Asterales Family Asteraceae Genus Cirsium Species C eriophorum Binomial name Cirsium eriophorum L Scop Synonyms 1 Synonymy Carduus eriophorus L Carduus spurius L Carthamus ferox Lam Cirsium chatenieri LegrandCirsium chodatii Barb Gamp Cirsium dinaricum VandasCirsium eriocephalum Wallr Cirsium insubricum Moretti ex Bertol Cirsium oviforme Gand Cirsium proponticum Griseb Cirsium vandasii Petr Cirsium velenowskyi VandasCnicus cinaroides Sm Cnicus eriophorus L RothCnicus spinosissimus M Bieb Epitrachys propontica K Koch Flower head of C eriophorum in Kozara National Park Republika Srpska Bosnia and Herzegovina Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Uses 4 References 5 External linksDescription editA tall biennial plant C eriophorum reaches heights of 50 to 150 cm 20 to 60 in The strong branched stem is densely woolly hairy but has no wings The stiff leaves are usually pinnate with strong yellow spines the lowest leaves are up to 80 cm 30 in long The leaf margins are rolled over and the underside of the leaf is felted with white hair The inflorescence is cymose with a few large flowers with a diameter of up to 7 cm 3 in These are globular and densely covered with woolly hair They contain many tubular florets with long purple tubes and purple stamens each with a spiny bract covered with white wool through which a spine projects 2 5 The flowers are rich in nectar and attract bees flies beetles butterflies and moths 6 Distribution and habitat editCirsium eriophorum has a Central and Western Europe distribution Its range extends from Upper Volga and the Balkans to the Netherlands France and Britain 6 It typically grows in grassland scrubland and open woodland on chalk limestone or alkaline clay soils including the disturbed ground caused by quarrying In Britain it grows up to about 310 m 1 000 ft and is largely confined to central and southern England 7 Uses editThe young leaves of C eriophorum can be eaten raw and the young stems can be peeled and eaten raw or cooked after being soaked in water to remove their bitterness The flower buds can be used in a similar way to artichokes but smaller and an edible oil can be extracted from the seeds The pappus can be used as tinder for lighting fires 6 The plant is hardy and can be easily grown in a sunny position in the garden in a wildflower meadow or in dappled shade in a woodland garden It flowers between July and September 6 References edit The Plant List Cirsium eriophorum L Scop a b Woolly thistle The Wildlife Trusts Retrieved 20 July 2020 Tofts R 1999 Cirsium eriophorum L Scop Carduus eriophorus L Cnicus eriophorus L Roth Journal of Ecology 87 3 529 542 doi 10 1046 j 1365 2745 1999 00369 x ISSN 1365 2745 Cirsium eriophorum Cardo lanoso Flora Italiana luirig altervista org Archived from the original on 2013 09 11 Retrieved 22 July 2020 Oberdorfer Erich 2001 Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora fur Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete Eugen Ulmer Stuttgart ISBN 3 8001 3131 5 a b c d Cirsium eriophorum Plants For A Future Retrieved 14 July 2020 Cirsium eriophorum Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora Retrieved 14 July 2020 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cirsium eriophorum Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora in English with photo Czech Botany in Czech with photos Tela Botanica in French with photos Gesamtverzeichnis des Herbariums besteht aus drei Spezialverzeichnissen Cirsium eriophorum Wollkopfige Kratzdistel in German with photo Terra Alapitvany Noveny adatlap Cirsium eriophorum Gyapjas aszat in Hungarian with photos Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cirsium eriophorum amp oldid 1163194158, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,