Cimolesta is an extinct order of non-placentaleutherianmammals.[2] Cimolestans had a wide variety of body shapes, dentition and lifestyles, though the majority of them were small to medium-sized general mammals that bore superficial resemblances to rodents, lagomorphs, mustelids, and marsupials.
Several groups have previously been suggested to have descended from the Cimolesta: the Pholidota (which would have been regarded as a suborder of Cimolesta), the Creodonta, and the Carnivora. The origins of the enigmatic Dinocerata have been suggested to lie within the Cimolesta as well. However, recent studies have revealed that cimolestans are more likely to be basal, non-placental eutherians, with no living descendants.[2]
Some experts had placed the pangolins within Cimolesta, though the current consensus is that the pangolins should be placed within their own order, Pholidota, as a sister taxon to Carnivora within Ferae.[3][4] Some have also placed the enigmatic familyPtolemaiidae within Cimolesta, also due to similarities between dental and skull anatomies with those of Pantolesta. If the ptolemaiids were indeed cimolestids, then Cimolesta would have ranged from the Late Cretaceous to the early Miocene, when the last ptolemaiid, Kelba, disappeared in Eastern Africa. However, more thorough studies suggest that the ptolemaiids were more probably afrotheres related to aardvarks, tenrecs and golden moles.[5][6] If one ignores the ptolemaiids as afrotherians, then the last, unequivocal cimolestids, the pantolestids Gobiopithecus and Kiinkerishella, died out during the Late Eocene or early Oligocene.
The cimolestid Procerberus may have been closely related to Taeniodonta.[7][8][9][10][11]Procerberus was the largest cimolestid and different species may be closer to conoryctid taeniodonts and others to stylinodontine taeniodonts. However, Procerberus has been found by cladistic analysis to be outside of a Taeniodonta + Alveugena carbonensis, with Procerberus grandis being closer to that clade than to other Procerberus species.[8]
^ abRook, D.L.; Hunter, J.P. (2013). "Rooting Around the Eutherian Family Tree: the Origin and Relations of the Taeniodonta". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 21: 1–17. doi:10.1007/s10914-013-9230-9. S2CID 17074668.
^Murphy, Willian J.; O'Brien, SJ; et al. (2001-12-14). "Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics". Science. 294 (5550): 2348–2351. Bibcode:2001Sci...294.2348M. doi:10.1126/science.1067179. PMID 11743200. S2CID 34367609.
^Beck, Robin MD; Bininda-Emonds, Olaf RP; Cardillo, Marcel; Liu, Fu-Guo; Purvis, Andy (2006). "A higher-level MRP supertree of placental mammals". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 6 (1): 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. PMC1654192. PMID 17101039.
^Cote S, Werdelin L, Seiffert ER, Barry JC (March 2007). "Additional material of the enigmatic Early Miocene mammal Kelba and its relationship to the order Ptolemaiida". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 104 (13): 5510–5. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.5510C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0700441104. PMC1838468. PMID 17372202.
^Seiffert, Erik R (2007). "A new estimate of afrotherian phylogeny based on simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (1): 224. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-224. PMC2248600. PMID 17999766.
^Clemens, W. A. (2017). Procerberus (Cimolestidae, Mammalia) from the Latest Cretaceous and Earliest Paleocene of the Northern Western Interior, USA. PaleoBios, 34, 1-26. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dv645n5
^ abEberle, J. J. (1999). Bridging the transition between didelphodonts and taeniodonts. Journal of Paleontology, 73, 936-944.
^Schoch, R. M. 1986. Systematics, functional morphology, and macroevolution of the extinct mammalian order Taeniodonta. Peabody Museum Bulletin, 42:1-307
^LILLEGRAVEN, J. A. 1969. Latest Cretaceous mammals of upper part of Edmonton Formation of Alberta, and review of marsupial-placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, 50(Vertebrata 12), 122.
^MIDDLETON, M. D. 1983. Early Paleocene vertebrates of the Denver Basin, Colorado. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder, 404.
Sourcesedit
McKenna, MC (1975). "Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia". In Luckett, WP; Szalay, FS (eds.). Phylogeny of the primates: a multidisciplinary approach (Proceedings of WennerGren Symposium no. 61, Burg Wartenstein, Austria, July 6–14, 1974. New York: Plenum. pp. 21–46. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2166-8_2. ISBN978-1-4684-2168-2.
McKenna, M.C.; Bell, S.K. (1997). Classification of mammals above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN978-0-231-11013-6.
Rose, KD (2006). The beginning of the age of mammals. Baltimore: JHU Press. ISBN978-0801884726.
Simons, EL; Bown, TM (April 11, 1995). "Ptolemaiida, a new order of Mammalia--with description of the cranium of Ptolemaia grangeri". PNAS. 92 (8): 3269–73. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.3269S. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3269. PMC42147. PMID 11607526.
cimolesta, extinct, order, placental, eutherian, mammals, wide, variety, body, shapes, dentition, lifestyles, though, majority, them, were, small, medium, sized, general, mammals, that, bore, superficial, resemblances, rodents, lagomorphs, mustelids, marsupial. Cimolesta is an extinct order of non placental eutherian mammals 2 Cimolestans had a wide variety of body shapes dentition and lifestyles though the majority of them were small to medium sized general mammals that bore superficial resemblances to rodents lagomorphs mustelids and marsupials CimolestaTemporal range 80 28 4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Cretaceous Early Oligocene 1 Palaeospinopa from Wyoming EoceneScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaClade EutheriaOrder CimolestaMcKenna 1975SubgroupsPantolesta Pantolestidae Paroxyclaenidae Dulcidon Paroxyclaeninae Kiinkerishella Kopidodon Paraspaniella Paroxyclaenus Pugiodens Sororodon Spaniella Vulpavoides Merialinae Euhookeria Fratrodon Merialus Procerberus Cimolestidae Palaeoryctidae Several groups have previously been suggested to have descended from the Cimolesta the Pholidota which would have been regarded as a suborder of Cimolesta the Creodonta and the Carnivora The origins of the enigmatic Dinocerata have been suggested to lie within the Cimolesta as well However recent studies have revealed that cimolestans are more likely to be basal non placental eutherians with no living descendants 2 Some experts had placed the pangolins within Cimolesta though the current consensus is that the pangolins should be placed within their own order Pholidota as a sister taxon to Carnivora within Ferae 3 4 Some have also placed the enigmatic family Ptolemaiidae within Cimolesta also due to similarities between dental and skull anatomies with those of Pantolesta If the ptolemaiids were indeed cimolestids then Cimolesta would have ranged from the Late Cretaceous to the early Miocene when the last ptolemaiid Kelba disappeared in Eastern Africa However more thorough studies suggest that the ptolemaiids were more probably afrotheres related to aardvarks tenrecs and golden moles 5 6 If one ignores the ptolemaiids as afrotherians then the last unequivocal cimolestids the pantolestids Gobiopithecus and Kiinkerishella died out during the Late Eocene or early Oligocene The cimolestid Procerberus may have been closely related to Taeniodonta 7 8 9 10 11 Procerberus was the largest cimolestid and different species may be closer to conoryctid taeniodonts and others to stylinodontine taeniodonts However Procerberus has been found by cladistic analysis to be outside of a Taeniodonta Alveugena carbonensis with Procerberus grandis being closer to that clade than to other Procerberus species 8 References edit Cimolesta paleobiodb org Retrieved 2021 08 13 a b Rook D L Hunter J P 2013 Rooting Around the Eutherian Family Tree the Origin and Relations of the Taeniodonta Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 1 17 doi 10 1007 s10914 013 9230 9 S2CID 17074668 Murphy Willian J O Brien SJ et al 2001 12 14 Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics Science 294 5550 2348 2351 Bibcode 2001Sci 294 2348M doi 10 1126 science 1067179 PMID 11743200 S2CID 34367609 Beck Robin MD Bininda Emonds Olaf RP Cardillo Marcel Liu Fu Guo Purvis Andy 2006 A higher level MRP supertree of placental mammals BMC Evolutionary Biology 6 1 93 doi 10 1186 1471 2148 6 93 PMC 1654192 PMID 17101039 Cote S Werdelin L Seiffert ER Barry JC March 2007 Additional material of the enigmatic Early Miocene mammal Kelba and its relationship to the order Ptolemaiida Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104 13 5510 5 Bibcode 2007PNAS 104 5510C doi 10 1073 pnas 0700441104 PMC 1838468 PMID 17372202 Seiffert Erik R 2007 A new estimate of afrotherian phylogeny based on simultaneous analysis of genomic morphological and fossil evidence BMC Evolutionary Biology 7 1 224 doi 10 1186 1471 2148 7 224 PMC 2248600 PMID 17999766 Clemens W A 2017 Procerberus Cimolestidae Mammalia from the Latest Cretaceous and Earliest Paleocene of the Northern Western Interior USA PaleoBios 34 1 26 https escholarship org uc item 1dv645n5 a b Eberle J J 1999 Bridging the transition between didelphodonts and taeniodonts Journal of Paleontology 73 936 944 Schoch R M 1986 Systematics functional morphology and macroevolution of the extinct mammalian order Taeniodonta Peabody Museum Bulletin 42 1 307 LILLEGRAVEN J A 1969 Latest Cretaceous mammals of upper part of Edmonton Formation of Alberta and review of marsupial placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions 50 Vertebrata 12 122 MIDDLETON M D 1983 Early Paleocene vertebrates of the Denver Basin Colorado Unpublished Ph D dissertation University of Colorado Boulder 404 Sources editMcKenna MC 1975 Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia In Luckett WP Szalay FS eds Phylogeny of the primates a multidisciplinary approach Proceedings of WennerGren Symposium no 61 Burg Wartenstein Austria July 6 14 1974 New York Plenum pp 21 46 doi 10 1007 978 1 4684 2166 8 2 ISBN 978 1 4684 2168 2 McKenna M C Bell S K 1997 Classification of mammals above the species level New York Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 11013 6 Rose KD 2006 The beginning of the age of mammals Baltimore JHU Press ISBN 978 0801884726 Simons EL Bown TM April 11 1995 Ptolemaiida a new order of Mammalia with description of the cranium of Ptolemaia grangeri PNAS 92 8 3269 73 Bibcode 1995PNAS 92 3269S doi 10 1073 pnas 92 8 3269 PMC 42147 PMID 11607526 nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Cimolesta Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cimolesta amp oldid 1188023593, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
