A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that features chocolate chips or chocolate morsels as its distinguishing ingredient. Chocolate chip cookies originated in the United States around 1938, when Ruth Graves Wakefield chopped up a Nestlésemi-sweetchocolate bar and added the chopped chocolate to a cookie recipe.
Multiple, including adding nuts, oatmeal, peanut butter
Cookbook: Chocolate chip cookie
Media: Chocolate chip cookie
A close-up of a chocolate chip cookie
A "chocolate chocolate chip" or "double chocolate" cookie
A "double chocolate" cookie sprinkled with powdered sugar (with milk in the background)
Plate of chocolate chip cookies
Generally, the recipe starts with a dough composed of flour, butter, both brown and white sugar, semi-sweet chocolate chips, eggs, and vanilla. Variations on the recipe may add other types of chocolate, as well as additional ingredients such as nuts or oatmeal. There are also vegan versions with the necessary ingredient substitutions, such as vegan chocolate chips, vegan margarine, and egg substitutes. A chocolate chocolate chip cookie uses a dough flavored with chocolate or cocoa powder, before chocolate chips are mixed in. These variations of the recipe are also referred to as ‘double’ or ‘triple’ chocolate chip cookies, depending on the combination of dough and chocolate types.
The chocolate chip cookie was invented by American chefs Ruth Graves Wakefield and Sue Brides in 1938.[1] They invented the recipe during the period when she owned the Toll House Inn, in Whitman, Massachusetts. In this era, the Toll House Inn was a popular restaurant that featured home cooking. A myth holds that she accidentally developed the cookie, and that she expected the chocolate chunks would melt, making chocolate cookies. That is not the case; Wakefield stated that she deliberately invented the cookie. She said, "We had been serving a thin butterscotch nut cookie with ice cream. Everybody seemed to love it, but I was trying to give them something different. So I came up with Toll House cookie."[2] She added chopped up bits from a Nestlé semi-sweet chocolate bar into a cookie.[3] The original recipe in Toll House Tried and True Recipes[4] is called "Toll House Chocolate Crunch Cookies". Wakefield gave Nestle the recipe for her cookies and was paid with a lifetime supply of chocolate from the company.[5]
Later history
Wakefield's cookbook, Toll House Tried and True Recipes, was first published in 1936 by M. Barrows & Company, New York. The 1938 edition of the cookbook was the first to include the recipe "Toll House Chocolate Crunch Cookie" which rapidly became a favorite cookie in American homes.[2]
During World War II, soldiers from Massachusetts who were stationed overseas shared the cookies they received in care packages from home with soldiers from other parts of the United States. Hundreds of soldiers wrote home asking their families to send them Toll House cookies, and Wakefield received letters from around the world requesting her recipe,[6][7] helping spread their popularity beyond the east coast.[8] Chocolate chip cookies were first sold in the UK in 1956 by Maryland Cookies.[9]
Original recipe
The original recipe was passed down to Sue Brides' daughter, Peg, who shared it in a 2017 interview:[1]
1+1⁄2 cups (350 mL) shortening
1+1⁄8 cups (265 mL) sugar
1+1⁄8 cups (265 mL) brown sugar
3 eggs
1+1⁄2 teaspoon (7.5 g) salt
3+1⁄8 cups (750 mL) of flour
1+1⁄2 teaspoon (7.5 g) hot water
1+1⁄2 teaspoon (7.5 g) baking soda
1+1⁄2 teaspoon (7.5 g) vanilla
chocolate chips (The Tried and True Recipes cookbook specifies "2 bars (7 oz.) Nestlé's yellow label chocolate, semi-sweet, which has been cut in pieces the size of a pea.").
Marketing
Chocolate chip cookies are often paired with milk. Milk fat enhances the taste of sugar from the cookies, giving a smoother mouthfeel.[citation needed]
There are at least three national (U.S./North America) chains that sell freshly baked chocolate chip cookies in shopping malls and standalone retail locations.[citation needed] Several businesses—including Doubletree hotels—offer freshly baked cookies to their patrons to differentiate themselves from their competition.[10]
To honor the cookie's creation in the state, on July 9, 1997, Massachusetts designated the chocolate chip cookie as the Official State Cookie, after it was proposed by a third-grade class from Somerset, Massachusetts.[11]
Depending on the ratio of ingredients and mixing and cooking times, some recipes produce a soft, chewy cookie while others will produce a crunchy, crispy cookie.[12] Regardless of ingredients, the procedure for making the cookie is fairly consistent in all recipes: First, the sugars and fat are creamed, usually with a wooden spoon or electric mixer. Next, the eggs and vanilla extract are added followed by the flour and leavening agent. Depending on the additional flavoring, its addition to the mix will be determined by the type used: peanut butter will be added with the wet ingredients while cocoa powder would be added with the dry ingredients. The titular ingredient, chocolate chips, as well as nuts are typically mixed in towards the end of the process to minimize breakage, just before the cookies are scooped and positioned on a cookie sheet. Most cookie dough is baked, although some eat the dough as is, or use it as an addition to vanilla ice cream to make chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream.
The texture of a chocolate chip cookie is largely dependent on its fat composition and the type of fat used. A study done by Kansas State University showed that carbohydrate-based fat substitutes tend to bind more water, leaving less water available to aid in the spread of the cookie while baking and resulting in softer, cakelike cookies with less spread.[13]
Common variants
The M&M party cookie is baked with M&M's instead of chocolate chips.[14]
The chocolate chocolate chip or double chocolate cookie uses a dough that is chocolate flavored by the addition of cocoa or melted chocolate.[15] Variations on this cookie include replacing chocolate chips with white chocolate or peanut butter chips.[16][17]
The macadamia chip cookie has macadamia nuts and white chocolate chips.[18]
The chocolate chip peanut butter cookie replaces the vanilla flavored dough with a peanut butter flavored one.
Chocolate chip cookie dough baked in a baking dish instead of a cookie sheet results in a chocolate chip bar cookie, also known as congo bars or blondies.[19]
Other variations include different sizes and shapes of chocolate chips, as well as dark or milk chocolate chips. These changes lead to differences in both flavor and texture.
Standard chocolate chip cookie ingredients
Preparing chocolate chip cookies
Chocolate chip bar cookies
Popular brands
The examples and perspective in this section deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this section, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new section, as appropriate.(November 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
^ abStephanos, Maria (2017-06-21). "Secret's out! Here's the 'real recipe' for Toll House chocolate chip cookies". WCVB. Retrieved 2017-06-22.
^ abCarolyn Wyman (2013). The Great American Chocolate Chip Cookie Book: Scrumptious Recipes & Fabled History from Toll House to Cookie Cake Pie. Countryman Press. p. 23. ISBN9781581571622. Retrieved March 21, 2014.
^"Chocolate Chip Cookie Day and the accidental origin of this American staple". CNN. 20 October 2017.
^Wakefield, Ruth Graves (1942). Ruth Wakefield's Toll House Tried and True Recipes. M. Barrows & Company.
^"5 Things You Didn't Know About Chocolate Chip Cookies | Epicurious.com". Epicurious. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
^Jones, Charlotte Foltz (1991). Mistakes That Worked. Doubleday. ISBN0-385-26246-9.
^Michaud, Jon (19 December 2013). "Sweet Morsels: A History of the Chocolate-Chip Cookie". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
^Burton's Biscuit Company. "Maryland cookies". Retrieved 27 March 2014.
^Nancy Trejos (18 December 2017), "DoubleTree hotels hands out free cookies", USA Today, retrieved 3 May 2018
^William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. "Massachusetts Facts - State Symbols: Official Cookie". Retrieved 3 May 2018.
^Levitt, Jonathan. "They're Not As Easy To Make As To Eat", The Boston Globe, 7 June 2006, C2. Available through ProQuest eLibrary.
^Armbrister, W.L.; Setser, C.S. (1994). "Sensory and Physical Properties of Chocolate Chip Cookies Made with Vegetable Shortening or Fat Replacers at 50 and 75% Levels". Cereal Chemistry. 71 (4): 344–351.
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For the album by Leslie Spit Treeo see Chocolate Chip Cookies album A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that features chocolate chips or chocolate morsels as its distinguishing ingredient Chocolate chip cookies originated in the United States around 1938 when Ruth Graves Wakefield chopped up a Nestle semi sweet chocolate bar and added the chopped chocolate to a cookie recipe Chocolate chip cookieTwo chocolate chip cookiesCourseDessert or snackPlace of originUnited StatesRegion or stateWhitman MassachusettsCreated byRuth Graves Wakefield Toll House InnInventedc 1938Main ingredientsFlour sugar brown sugar butter or margarine chocolate chips eggs vanilla baking soda saltVariationsMultiple including adding nuts oatmeal peanut butterCookbook Chocolate chip cookie Media Chocolate chip cookieA close up of a chocolate chip cookie A chocolate chocolate chip or double chocolate cookie A double chocolate cookie sprinkled with powdered sugar with milk in the background Plate of chocolate chip cookies Generally the recipe starts with a dough composed of flour butter both brown and white sugar semi sweet chocolate chips eggs and vanilla Variations on the recipe may add other types of chocolate as well as additional ingredients such as nuts or oatmeal There are also vegan versions with the necessary ingredient substitutions such as vegan chocolate chips vegan margarine and egg substitutes A chocolate chocolate chip cookie uses a dough flavored with chocolate or cocoa powder before chocolate chips are mixed in These variations of the recipe are also referred to as double or triple chocolate chip cookies depending on the combination of dough and chocolate types Contents 1 History 1 1 Invention 1 2 Later history 1 3 Original recipe 1 4 Marketing 2 Composition and variants 2 1 Common variants 3 Popular brands 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistoryInvention The chocolate chip cookie was invented by American chefs Ruth Graves Wakefield and Sue Brides in 1938 1 They invented the recipe during the period when she owned the Toll House Inn in Whitman Massachusetts In this era the Toll House Inn was a popular restaurant that featured home cooking A myth holds that she accidentally developed the cookie and that she expected the chocolate chunks would melt making chocolate cookies That is not the case Wakefield stated that she deliberately invented the cookie She said We had been serving a thin butterscotch nut cookie with ice cream Everybody seemed to love it but I was trying to give them something different So I came up with Toll House cookie 2 She added chopped up bits from a Nestle semi sweet chocolate bar into a cookie 3 The original recipe in Toll House Tried and True Recipes 4 is called Toll House Chocolate Crunch Cookies Wakefield gave Nestle the recipe for her cookies and was paid with a lifetime supply of chocolate from the company 5 Later history Wakefield s cookbook Toll House Tried and True Recipes was first published in 1936 by M Barrows amp Company New York The 1938 edition of the cookbook was the first to include the recipe Toll House Chocolate Crunch Cookie which rapidly became a favorite cookie in American homes 2 During World War II soldiers from Massachusetts who were stationed overseas shared the cookies they received in care packages from home with soldiers from other parts of the United States Hundreds of soldiers wrote home asking their families to send them Toll House cookies and Wakefield received letters from around the world requesting her recipe 6 7 helping spread their popularity beyond the east coast 8 Chocolate chip cookies were first sold in the UK in 1956 by Maryland Cookies 9 Original recipe The original recipe was passed down to Sue Brides daughter Peg who shared it in a 2017 interview 1 1 1 2 cups 350 mL shortening 1 1 8 cups 265 mL sugar 1 1 8 cups 265 mL brown sugar 3 eggs 1 1 2 teaspoon 7 5 g salt 3 1 8 cups 750 mL of flour 1 1 2 teaspoon 7 5 g hot water 1 1 2 teaspoon 7 5 g baking soda 1 1 2 teaspoon 7 5 g vanilla chocolate chips The Tried and True Recipes cookbook specifies 2 bars 7 oz Nestle s yellow label chocolate semi sweet which has been cut in pieces the size of a pea Marketing Chocolate chip cookies are often paired with milk Milk fat enhances the taste of sugar from the cookies giving a smoother mouthfeel citation needed There are at least three national U S North America chains that sell freshly baked chocolate chip cookies in shopping malls and standalone retail locations citation needed Several businesses including Doubletree hotels offer freshly baked cookies to their patrons to differentiate themselves from their competition 10 To honor the cookie s creation in the state on July 9 1997 Massachusetts designated the chocolate chip cookie as the Official State Cookie after it was proposed by a third grade class from Somerset Massachusetts 11 Composition and variantsThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Chocolate chip cookie news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Chocolate chip cookies are commonly made with white sugar brown sugar flour salt eggs a leavening agent such as baking soda a fat typically butter or shortening vanilla extract and chocolate pieces Some recipes also include milk or nuts such as chopped walnuts in the dough Depending on the ratio of ingredients and mixing and cooking times some recipes produce a soft chewy cookie while others will produce a crunchy crispy cookie 12 Regardless of ingredients the procedure for making the cookie is fairly consistent in all recipes First the sugars and fat are creamed usually with a wooden spoon or electric mixer Next the eggs and vanilla extract are added followed by the flour and leavening agent Depending on the additional flavoring its addition to the mix will be determined by the type used peanut butter will be added with the wet ingredients while cocoa powder would be added with the dry ingredients The titular ingredient chocolate chips as well as nuts are typically mixed in towards the end of the process to minimize breakage just before the cookies are scooped and positioned on a cookie sheet Most cookie dough is baked although some eat the dough as is or use it as an addition to vanilla ice cream to make chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream The texture of a chocolate chip cookie is largely dependent on its fat composition and the type of fat used A study done by Kansas State University showed that carbohydrate based fat substitutes tend to bind more water leaving less water available to aid in the spread of the cookie while baking and resulting in softer cakelike cookies with less spread 13 Common variants The M amp M party cookie is baked with M amp M s instead of chocolate chips 14 The chocolate chocolate chip or double chocolate cookie uses a dough that is chocolate flavored by the addition of cocoa or melted chocolate 15 Variations on this cookie include replacing chocolate chips with white chocolate or peanut butter chips 16 17 The macadamia chip cookie has macadamia nuts and white chocolate chips 18 The chocolate chip peanut butter cookie replaces the vanilla flavored dough with a peanut butter flavored one Chocolate chip cookie dough baked in a baking dish instead of a cookie sheet results in a chocolate chip bar cookie also known as congo bars or blondies 19 Other variations include different sizes and shapes of chocolate chips as well as dark or milk chocolate chips These changes lead to differences in both flavor and texture Standard chocolate chip cookie ingredients source source source source source source source source source source Preparing chocolate chip cookies Chocolate chip bar cookiesPopular brandsThe examples and perspective in this section deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this section discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new section as appropriate November 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Blue Chip Cookies Chips Ahoy Nabisco Chips Deluxe Keebler Cookie Time Famous Amos Maryland Cookies Mrs Fields Otis Spunkmeyer Pepperidge FarmSee also Food portalOatmeal raisin cookie Peanut butter cookieReferences a b Stephanos Maria 2017 06 21 Secret s out Here s the real recipe for Toll House chocolate chip cookies WCVB Retrieved 2017 06 22 a b Carolyn Wyman 2013 The Great American Chocolate Chip Cookie Book Scrumptious Recipes amp Fabled History from Toll House to Cookie Cake Pie Countryman Press p 23 ISBN 9781581571622 Retrieved March 21 2014 Chocolate Chip Cookie Day and the accidental origin of this American staple CNN 20 October 2017 Wakefield Ruth Graves 1942 Ruth Wakefield s Toll House Tried and True Recipes M Barrows amp Company 5 Things You Didn t Know About Chocolate Chip Cookies Epicurious com Epicurious Retrieved 2020 03 29 Jones Charlotte Foltz 1991 Mistakes That Worked Doubleday ISBN 0 385 26246 9 History of Nestle Toll House Archived from the original on 2009 02 23 Michaud Jon 19 December 2013 Sweet Morsels A History of the Chocolate Chip Cookie The New Yorker Retrieved 2020 03 29 Burton s Biscuit Company Maryland cookies Retrieved 27 March 2014 Nancy Trejos 18 December 2017 DoubleTree hotels hands out free cookies USA Today retrieved 3 May 2018 William Francis Galvin Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Massachusetts Facts State Symbols Official Cookie Retrieved 3 May 2018 Levitt Jonathan They re Not As Easy To Make As To Eat The Boston Globe 7 June 2006 C2 Available through ProQuest eLibrary Armbrister W L Setser C S 1994 Sensory and Physical Properties of Chocolate Chip Cookies Made with Vegetable Shortening or Fat Replacers at 50 and 75 Levels Cereal Chemistry 71 4 344 351 The M amp M Party Cookie recipe Chocolate Chocolate Chip cookie Archived 2007 06 13 at the Wayback Machine recipe on FoodTV com White Chip Chocolate Cookie recipe on AllFood com Chocolate Peanut Butter Chip Cookie recipe on AllFood com Macadamia Nut Chocolate Chip Cookies recipe on AllFoods com Congo Bars Blondies recipe on chewoutloud comExternal linksNestle Toll House Cookie recipe Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chocolate chip cookie amp oldid 1127291810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
