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Channa

January 10, 2023

For other uses, see Channa (disambiguation).

Channa is a genus of predatory fish in the family Channidae, commonly known as snakeheads, native to freshwater habitats in Asia. This genus contains about 50 scientifically described species. The genus has a wide natural distribution extending from Iraq in the west, to Indonesia and China in the east, and parts of Siberia in the Far East. A particularly high richness of species exists in Myanmar (Burma) and northeastern India, and many Channa species live nowhere else. In contrast, a few widespread species have been introduced to several regions outside their natural range, where they often become invasive. The large and medium-sized Channa species are among the most common staple food fish in several Asian countries, and they are extensively cultured.[1] Apart from their importance as a food fish, snakeheads are consumed in some regions as a traditional medicine for wound healing and reducing postoperative pain and discomfort,[1] and collected for the international aquarium pet trade.[2]

Channa
Channa micropeltes (above, one of the largest species) and C. bleheri (below, one of the smallest)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Anabantiformes
Family: Channidae
Genus: Channa
Scopoli, 1777
Type species
Channa orientalis
Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801
Combined natural range of the Channa species
Synonyms

Bostrychoides Lacépède, 1801
Ophiocephalus Bloch, 1793
Philypnoides Bleeker, 1849
Psiloides Fischer, 1813
Pterops Rafinesque, 1815

All snakeheads are highly predatory, and the diets of the various species of Channa include fish, amphibians (like frogs), snakes, rodents, birds, and invertebrates (insects and crustaceans).[1] They have a labyrinth organ, which allows them to breathe air for short periods, and they use this adaptation to travel across land in the event that their habitat becomes inhospitable. They are mostly solitary or live in monogamous pairs that are highly aggressive towards outsiders of their own species, but C. pleurophthalma often occurs in small groups. Larger species are mostly nestbrooding (making a nest of vegetation at the water surface),[1] and the dwarfs mostly paternal mouthbrooding, but exceptions occur; the large C. barca is a paternal mouthbrooder and the dwarf C. bleheri is a free-spawner (the eggs float to the surface where the parents take care of them, but they do not mouthbrood or built a nest).[3]

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the genus Channa is incomplete, and a comprehensive revision of the family has not been performed. A phylogenetic study in 2010 has indicated the likelihood of the existence of undescribed species of channids in Southeast Asia,[4] and a more comprehensive phylogenetic study in 2017 indicated that several undescribed species exist in Asia (as well as an undescribed Parachanna in Africa).[5] In 2011, the Malabar snakehead Channa diplogramma from peninsular India was shown to be a distinct species, 146 years after its initial description and 134 years after it was synonymised with C. micropeltes, establishing it is an endemic species of peninsular India. The study also suggested that the species shared a most recent common ancestor with C. micropeltes, around 9.52 to 21.76 MYA.[6][7]

Species

Currently, 51 recognized species are placed in this genus:[8][9][10]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Kumar, K., R. Kumar, S. Saurabh, M. Sahoo, A.K. Mohanty, P.L. Lalrinsanga, U.L. Mohanty and P. Jayasankar (2012). Snakehead Fishes: Fact Sheets. Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar.
  2. ^ PracticalFishkeeping (13 June 2016). Quick Guide to Snakeheads. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  3. ^ SeriouslyFish: Channa bleheri. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  4. ^ Adamson, E.A.S., Hurwood, D.A. & Mather, P.B. (2010): A reappraisal of the evolution of Asian snakehead fishes (Pisces, Channidae) using molecular data from multiple genes and fossil calibration. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 56 (2): 707–717.
  5. ^ a b c Conte-Grand, C., Britz, R., Dahanukar, N., Raghavan, R., Pethi-yagoda, R., Tan, H.H., Hadiaty, R.K., Yaakob, N.S. & Rüber, L. (2017). Barcoding snakeheads (Teleostei, Channidae) re-visited: Discovering greater species diversity and resolving perpetuated taxonomic confusions. PLoS ONE, 12 (9): e0184017.
  6. ^ Benziger, A., Philip, S., Raghavan, R., Ali, P.H.A., Sukumaran, M., Tharian, J.C., Dahanukar, N., Baby, F., Peter, R., Rema Devi, K., Radhakrishnan, K.V., Haniffa, M.A., Britz, R. & Antunes, A. (2011): Unraveling a 146 Years Old Taxonomic Puzzle: Validation of Malabar Snakehead, Species-Status and Its Relevance for Channid Systematics and Evolution. PLoS ONE, 6 (6): e21272.
  7. ^ Li, X., Musikasinthorn, P. & Kumazawa, Y. (2006): Molecular phylogenetic analyses of snakeheads (Perciformes: Channidae) using mitochondrial DNA sequences. Ichthyological Research, 53 (2): 148-159.
  8. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). Species of Channa in FishBase. February 2019 version.
  9. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Channa". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  10. ^ Praveenraj, Jayasimhan; Thackeray, Tejas; Singh, Sadokpam Gojendro; Uma, Arumugam; Moulitharan, N.; Mukhim, Bankit K. (December 2020). "A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Northeastern India". Copeia. 108 (4): 938–947. doi:10.1643/CI2020007. ISSN 0045-8511. S2CID 230507112.
  11. ^ Dey, A., Chowdhury, B.R., Nur, R., Sarkar, D., Kosygin, L. & Barat, S. (2019): Channa amari, a new species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from North Bengal, India. International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 9(2): 299-304.
  12. ^ Britz, R. (2013): Channa andrao, a new species of dwarf snakehead from West Bengal, India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 287–294.
  13. ^ Lalhlimpuia, D.v., Lalronunga, S. & Lalramliana (2016): Channa aurantipectoralis, a new species of snakehead from Mizoram, north-eastern India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa, 4147 (3): 343-350.
  14. ^ Adamson, E.A.S., R. Britz and S. Lieng (2019). Channa auroflammea, a new species of snakehead fish of the Marulius group from the Mekong River in Laos and Cambodia (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa 4571(3): 398-408.
  15. ^ Praveenraj, J., A. Uma, N. Moulitharan and H. Bleher (2018). Channa bipuli, a new species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Assam, northeast India. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology 24(4): 153-166.
  16. ^ Chakraborty, P., Yardi, K. & Mukherjee, P. (2020). Channa brahmacharyi sp. nov., a new species of dwarf snakehead from Meghalaya, North-East India (Teleostei: Channidae). Species, 21(67): 101-108.
  17. ^ Kannan, Rajesh; Moulitharan, Nallathambi; Uma, Arumugam; Praveenraj, Jayasimhan (2019-06-27). "Channa brunnea , a new species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from West Bengal, India". Zootaxa. 4624 (1): 59–70. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4624.1.4. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 31716236.
  18. ^ "A New Species of Dwarf Channa (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, Northeast India". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  19. ^ Geetakumari, K. & Vishwanath, W. (2011): Channa melanostigma, a new species of freshwater snakehead from north-east India (Teleostei: Channidae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 107 (3): 231-235.
  20. ^ Nguyen, V.H. (2011): Two new species belong to genus Channa (Channidae, Perciformes) discovered in Ninh Binh province, Vietnam. Vietnam Journal of Biology, 33 (4): 8-17.
  21. ^ Knight, J.D.M. (2016): Channa pardalis, a new species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 8 (3): 8583-8589.
  22. ^ Praveenraj, J., A. Uma, J. D. M. Knight, N. Moulitharan, S. Balasubramanian, K. Bineesh and H. Bleher (2018). Channa quinquefasciata, a new species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Torsa River, North Bengal, India. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology 24 (4): 141-152.
  23. ^ a b Britz, R.; N. Dahanukar; V.K. Anoop; A. Ali (2019). "Channa rara, a new species of snakehead fish from the Western Ghats region of Maharashtra, India (Teleostei: Labyrinthici: Channidae)". Zootaxa. 4683 (4): zootaxa.4683.4.8. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4683.4.8. PMID 31715914.
  24. ^ Thakur, V. R.; Raymond, J. J. A.; Halalludin, Beni; Kiruba-Sankar, R.; Knight, J. D. M.; Praveenraj, J. (2018-12-31). "Channa royi (Teleostei: Channidae): a new species of snakehead from Andaman Islands, India". Indian Journal of Fisheries. 65 (4). ISSN 0970-6011.
  25. ^ Endruweit, M. (2017). Description of a new dwarf snakehead (Perciformes: Channidae) from western Yunnan. Vertebrate Zoology 67(2): 173-178.
  26. ^ Lalramliana, J. D. M. Knight, D. V. Lalhlimpuia and M. Singh (2018). Integrative taxonomy reveals a new species of snakehead fish, Channa stiktos (Teleostei: Channidae), from Mizoram, North Eastern India. Vertebrate Zoology 68 (2): 165-175.
  27. ^ "A New Ornamental Species of Snakehead Fish (Teleostei: Channidae) from River Torsa of West Bengal, India". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.

January 10, 2023
channa, other, uses, disambiguation, genus, predatory, fish, family, channidae, commonly, known, snakeheads, native, freshwater, habitats, asia, this, genus, contains, about, scientifically, described, species, genus, wide, natural, distribution, extending, fr. For other uses see Channa disambiguation Channa is a genus of predatory fish in the family Channidae commonly known as snakeheads native to freshwater habitats in Asia This genus contains about 50 scientifically described species The genus has a wide natural distribution extending from Iraq in the west to Indonesia and China in the east and parts of Siberia in the Far East A particularly high richness of species exists in Myanmar Burma and northeastern India and many Channa species live nowhere else In contrast a few widespread species have been introduced to several regions outside their natural range where they often become invasive The large and medium sized Channa species are among the most common staple food fish in several Asian countries and they are extensively cultured 1 Apart from their importance as a food fish snakeheads are consumed in some regions as a traditional medicine for wound healing and reducing postoperative pain and discomfort 1 and collected for the international aquarium pet trade 2 ChannaChanna micropeltes above one of the largest species and C bleheri below one of the smallest Scientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder AnabantiformesFamily ChannidaeGenus ChannaScopoli 1777Type speciesChanna orientalisBloch amp J G Schneider 1801Combined natural range of the Channa speciesSynonymsBostrychoides Lacepede 1801Ophiocephalus Bloch 1793Philypnoides Bleeker 1849Psiloides Fischer 1813Pterops Rafinesque 1815All snakeheads are highly predatory and the diets of the various species of Channa include fish amphibians like frogs snakes rodents birds and invertebrates insects and crustaceans 1 They have a labyrinth organ which allows them to breathe air for short periods and they use this adaptation to travel across land in the event that their habitat becomes inhospitable They are mostly solitary or live in monogamous pairs that are highly aggressive towards outsiders of their own species but C pleurophthalma often occurs in small groups Larger species are mostly nestbrooding making a nest of vegetation at the water surface 1 and the dwarfs mostly paternal mouthbrooding but exceptions occur the large C barca is a paternal mouthbrooder and the dwarf C bleheri is a free spawner the eggs float to the surface where the parents take care of them but they do not mouthbrood or built a nest 3 Taxonomy EditThe taxonomy of the genus Channa is incomplete and a comprehensive revision of the family has not been performed A phylogenetic study in 2010 has indicated the likelihood of the existence of undescribed species of channids in Southeast Asia 4 and a more comprehensive phylogenetic study in 2017 indicated that several undescribed species exist in Asia as well as an undescribed Parachanna in Africa 5 In 2011 the Malabar snakehead Channa diplogramma from peninsular India was shown to be a distinct species 146 years after its initial description and 134 years after it was synonymised with C micropeltes establishing it is an endemic species of peninsular India The study also suggested that the species shared a most recent common ancestor with C micropeltes around 9 52 to 21 76 MYA 6 7 Species Edit Channa andrao Channa argus Channa aurantimaculata Channa pleurophthalma Channa pulchra Currently 51 recognized species are placed in this genus 8 9 10 Channa amari Dey et al 2019 11 Channa amphibeus McClelland 1845 Borna snakehead Channa andrao Britz 2013 12 Channa argus Cantor 1842 northern snakehead Channa aristonei Praveenraj Thackeray Singh Uma Moulitharan amp Mukhim 2020 Channa asiatica Linnaeus 1758 small snakehead Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn 2000 Channa aurantipectoralis Lalhlimpuia Lalronunga amp Lalramliana 2016 13 Channa auroflammea Adamson Britz and S Lieng 2019 14 Channa aurolineata F Day 1870 Channa bankanensis Bleeker 1853 Channa baramensis Steindachner 1901 Channa barca F Hamilton 1822 barca snakehead Channa bipuli Praveenraj Uma Moulitharan amp Bleher 2018 15 Channa bleheri Vierke 1991 rainbow snakehead Channa brahmacharyi Chakraborty Yardi amp Mukherjee 2020 16 Channa brunnea Praveenraj Uma Moulitharan amp Kannan 2019 17 Channa burmanica B L Chaudhuri 1919 Channa cyanospilos Bleeker 1853 Channa diplogramma F Day 1865 Malabar snakehead Channa gachua F Hamilton 1822 dwarf snakehead Channa harcourtbutleri Annandale 1918 Burmese snakehead Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011 Channa kelaartii Gunther 1861 5 Channa limbata Cuvier 1831 5 Channa lipor Praveenraj Uma Moulitharan amp Singh 2019 18 Channa longistomata Nguyen amp Nguyen 2012 Channa lucius G Cuvier 1831 Channa maculata Lacepede 1801 blotched snakehead Channa marulioides Bleeker 1851 emperor snakehead Channa marulius F Hamilton 1822 great snakehead Channa melanoptera Bleeker 1855 Channa melanostigma Geetakumari amp Vishwanath 2011 19 Channa melasoma Bleeker 1851 black snakehead Channa micropeltes G Cuvier 1831 giant snakehead Channa ninhbinhensis V H Nguyễn 2011 20 Channa nox C G Zhang Musikasinthorn amp Watanabe 2002 night snakehead Channa orientalis Bloch amp J G Schneider 1801 Ceylon snakehead Channa ornatipinnis Britz 2008 Channa panaw Musikasinthorn 1998 Panaw snakehead Channa pardalis Knight 2016 21 Channa pleurophthalma Bleeker 1851 Channa pomanensis Gurumayum amp Tamang 2016 Channa pseudomarulius Gunther 1861 Channa pulchra Britz 2007 Channa punctata Bloch 1793 spotted snakehead Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj et al 2018 22 Channa rara Britz et al 2019 23 Channa royi Praveenraj et al 2018 Andaman emerald snakehead 24 likely a synonym of C harcourtbutleri 23 Channa shingon M Endruweit 2017 25 Channa stewartii Playfair fr 1867 Assamese snakehead Channa stiktos Lalramliana Knight Lalhlimpuia amp Singh 2018 26 Channa striata Bloch 1793 striped snakehead Channa torsaensis Dey Nur Raychowdhury Sarkar Singh amp Barat 2018 cobalt blue snakehead 27 References Edit a b c d Kumar K R Kumar S Saurabh M Sahoo A K Mohanty P L Lalrinsanga U L Mohanty and P Jayasankar 2012 Snakehead Fishes Fact Sheets Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture Bhubaneswar PracticalFishkeeping 13 June 2016 Quick Guide to Snakeheads Retrieved 12 February 2019 SeriouslyFish Channa bleheri Retrieved 12 February 2019 Adamson E A S Hurwood D A amp Mather P B 2010 A reappraisal of the evolution of Asian snakehead fishes Pisces Channidae using molecular data from multiple genes and fossil calibration Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56 2 707 717 a b c Conte Grand C Britz R Dahanukar N Raghavan R Pethi yagoda R Tan H H Hadiaty R K Yaakob N S amp Ruber L 2017 Barcoding snakeheads Teleostei Channidae re visited Discovering greater species diversity and resolving perpetuated taxonomic confusions PLoS ONE 12 9 e0184017 Benziger A Philip S Raghavan R Ali P H A Sukumaran M Tharian J C Dahanukar N Baby F Peter R Rema Devi K Radhakrishnan K V Haniffa M A Britz R amp Antunes A 2011 Unraveling a 146 Years Old Taxonomic Puzzle Validation of Malabar Snakehead Species Status and Its Relevance for Channid Systematics and Evolution PLoS ONE 6 6 e21272 Li X Musikasinthorn P amp Kumazawa Y 2006 Molecular phylogenetic analyses of snakeheads Perciformes Channidae using mitochondrial DNA sequences Ichthyological Research 53 2 148 159 Froese Rainer and Pauly Daniel eds 2019 Species of Channa in FishBase February 2019 version Eschmeyer William N Fricke Ron amp van der Laan Richard eds Species in the genus Channa Catalog of Fishes California Academy of Sciences Retrieved 17 January 2020 Praveenraj Jayasimhan Thackeray Tejas Singh Sadokpam Gojendro Uma Arumugam Moulitharan N Mukhim Bankit K December 2020 A New Species of Snakehead Teleostei Channidae from East Khasi Hills Meghalaya Northeastern India Copeia 108 4 938 947 doi 10 1643 CI2020007 ISSN 0045 8511 S2CID 230507112 Dey A Chowdhury B R Nur R Sarkar D Kosygin L amp Barat S 2019 Channa amari a new species of Snakehead Teleostei Channidae from North Bengal India International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 9 2 299 304 Britz R 2013 Channa andrao a new species of dwarf snakehead from West Bengal India Teleostei Channidae Zootaxa 3731 2 287 294 Lalhlimpuia D v Lalronunga S amp Lalramliana 2016 Channa aurantipectoralis a new species of snakehead from Mizoram north eastern India Teleostei Channidae Zootaxa 4147 3 343 350 Adamson E A S R Britz and S Lieng 2019 Channa auroflammea a new species of snakehead fish of the Marulius group from the Mekong River in Laos and Cambodia Teleostei Channidae Zootaxa 4571 3 398 408 Praveenraj J A Uma N Moulitharan and H Bleher 2018 Channa bipuli a new species of snakehead Teleostei Channidae from Assam northeast India aqua International Journal of Ichthyology 24 4 153 166 Chakraborty P Yardi K amp Mukherjee P 2020 Channa brahmacharyi sp nov a new species of dwarf snakehead from Meghalaya North East India Teleostei Channidae Species 21 67 101 108 Kannan Rajesh Moulitharan Nallathambi Uma Arumugam Praveenraj Jayasimhan 2019 06 27 Channa brunnea a new species of snakehead Teleostei Channidae from West Bengal India Zootaxa 4624 1 59 70 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 4624 1 4 ISSN 1175 5334 PMID 31716236 A New Species of Dwarf Channa Teleostei Channidae from Meghalaya Northeast India Novataxa Retrieved 11 February 2019 Geetakumari K amp Vishwanath W 2011 Channa melanostigma a new species of freshwater snakehead from north east India Teleostei Channidae Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 107 3 231 235 Nguyen V H 2011 Two new species belong to genus Channa Channidae Perciformes discovered in Ninh Binh province Vietnam Vietnam Journal of Biology 33 4 8 17 Knight J D M 2016 Channa pardalis a new species of snakehead Teleostei Channidae from Meghalaya northeastern India Journal of Threatened Taxa 8 3 8583 8589 Praveenraj J A Uma J D M Knight N Moulitharan S Balasubramanian K Bineesh and H Bleher 2018 Channa quinquefasciata a new species of snakehead Teleostei Channidae from Torsa River North Bengal India aqua International Journal of Ichthyology 24 4 141 152 a b Britz R N Dahanukar V K Anoop A Ali 2019 Channa rara a new species of snakehead fish from the Western Ghats region of Maharashtra India Teleostei Labyrinthici Channidae Zootaxa 4683 4 zootaxa 4683 4 8 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 4683 4 8 PMID 31715914 Thakur V R Raymond J J A Halalludin Beni Kiruba Sankar R Knight J D M Praveenraj J 2018 12 31 Channa royi Teleostei Channidae a new species of snakehead from Andaman Islands India Indian Journal of Fisheries 65 4 ISSN 0970 6011 Endruweit M 2017 Description of a new dwarf snakehead Perciformes Channidae from western Yunnan Vertebrate Zoology 67 2 173 178 Lalramliana J D M Knight D V Lalhlimpuia and M Singh 2018 Integrative taxonomy reveals a new species of snakehead fish Channa stiktos Teleostei Channidae from Mizoram North Eastern India Vertebrate Zoology 68 2 165 175 A New Ornamental Species of Snakehead Fish Teleostei Channidae from River Torsa of West Bengal India Novataxa Retrieved 11 February 2019 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Channa amp oldid 1123586922, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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