The State Council, constitutionally[2] synonymous with the Central People's Government (particularly in relation to local governments), is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the premier and includes the heads of each of the constituent departments (ministries). Currently, the council has 35 members: the premier, one executive vice premier, three other vice premiers, five state councilors (of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary-general), and 26 in charge of the Council's constituent departments.[3] The State Council directly oversees provincial-level People's Governments, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Aside from a few, members of the State Council are also members of the CCP's Central Committee.
The State Council is described by the Chinese constitution as the executive organ of the National People's Congress (NPC), as well as the "highest state administrative organ".[4] Constitutionally, the main functions of the State Council are to formulate administrative measures, issue decisions and orders, and monitor their implementation; draft legislative bills for submission to the NPC or its Standing Committee; and prepare the economic plan and the state budget for deliberation and approval by the NPC.[4] The State Council is under authority of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), with the ultimate decisions being made by the Politburo.[5]
The State Council is officially led by the premier, who is appointed by the NPC upon the nomination by the president,[4] though in practice the premier is chosen within the CCP leadership, including the Politburo Standing Committee.[6] The premier is assisted by vice premiers (one executive and generally three others), state councillors, and a secretary-general (who normally also serves as a state councillor), who collectively make up the Executive Meeting of the State Council.[4]
Each vice premier oversees certain areas of administration in support of the premier.[7] In practice, the vice premiers and State Councillors assume responsibility for one or more sectors or issues, and remain in contact with the various bodies responsible for policy related to that area. This allows the Standing Committee to oversee a wide range of government functions. [8] Each State Councillor performs duties as designated by the Premier. The secretary-general heads the General Office which handles the day-to-day work of the State Council.[9]
The State Council includes 26 constituent ministries, and oversees the provincial-level governments throughout China.[5] Each ministry supervises one sector. Commissions outrank ministries and set policies for and coordinate the related activities of different administrative organs. Offices deal with matters of ongoing concern. Bureaus and administrations rank below ministries. In addition to the ministries, there are 38 centrally administered government organizations that report directly to the state council. The heads of these organizations attend full meetings of the state committee on an irregular basis.
The Plenary Meeting of the State Council is hosted by the Premier, joined by Vice Premiers, State Councillors, Ministers in charge of Ministries and Commissions, the Governor of the People's Bank, the Auditor-General, and the Secretary-General. It usually runs bi-annually and when necessary, non-members can be invited to participate.
National Cryptography Administration (国家密码管理局), i.e. the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cryptography Work (中央密码工作领导小组办公室) (of the CCP), under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee
^ abCheng, Li; Prytherch, Mallie (7 March 2023). "China's new State Council: What analysts might have missed". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^"China's backroom power brokers block reform candidates". South China Morning Post. 21 November 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
^He, Laura (4 March 2023). "Meet the 4 men tapped to run China's economy". CNN. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^Thomas, Neil (5 April 2023). "What are the Policy Assignments of China's New State Council Leadership?". Asia Society. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^"Organic Law of the State Council of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^Zheng, William (28 March 2023). "New work rules for China's State Council put the party firmly in charge". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^Boswell, Matthew (2009). "Media Relations in China's Military: The Case of the Ministry of National Defense Information Office". Asia Policy (8): 97–120. ISSN 1559-0968. JSTOR 24904949.
^Wuthnow, Joel (16 April 2019). China's Other Army: The People's Armed Police in an Era of Reform(PDF). Washington: Institute for National Strategic Studies. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
External linksEdit
Official website
October 18, 2023
state, council, people, republic, china, central, people, government, redirects, here, central, government, during, 1949, 1954, central, people, government, people, republic, china, 1949, 1954, state, council, constitutionally, synonymous, with, central, peopl. Central People s Government redirects here For the central government of the PRC during 1949 1954 see Central People s Government of the People s Republic of China 1949 1954 The State Council constitutionally 2 synonymous with the Central People s Government particularly in relation to local governments is the chief administrative authority of the People s Republic of China It is chaired by the premier and includes the heads of each of the constituent departments ministries Currently the council has 35 members the premier one executive vice premier three other vice premiers five state councilors of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary general and 26 in charge of the Council s constituent departments 3 The State Council directly oversees provincial level People s Governments and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the Chinese Communist Party CCP Aside from a few members of the State Council are also members of the CCP s Central Committee State Council of thePeople s Republic of China中华人民共和国国务院 Zhōnghua Renmin Gongheguo GuowuyuanEmblem of the People s Republic of ChinaAgency overviewFormed27 September 1954 69 years ago 1954 09 27 Preceding agenciesGovernment Administration Council of the Central People s Government 1949 1954 State Planning Commission of the Central People s Government 1952 1954 TypeExecutive branch of the central governmentExecutive body of the National People s Congress 2 Highest organ of State administration 2 JurisdictionGovernment of the People s Republic of ChinaHeadquartersState Council Office Area Zhongnanhai BeijingAnnual budgetCN 37 2 trillion 2019 1 Agency executivesLi Qiang PremierDing Xuexiang He Lifeng Zhang Guoqing Liu Guozhong Vice PremiersLi Shangfu Wang Xiaohong Wu Zhenglong Shen Yiqin Qin Gang State councillorsChild agenciesGeneral Office26 Constituent Departments cabinet level Websiteenglish wbr www wbr gov wbr cnState Council of the People s Republic of ChinaSimplified Chinese中华人民共和国国务院Traditional Chinese中華人民共和國國務院Literal meaning Chinese People s Republic State Affair s Court TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōnghua Renmin Gongheguo GuowuyuanState Council commonly used abbreviation Simplified Chinese国务院Traditional Chinese國務院Literal meaning The Court of State Affairs TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuowuyuanIPA kwo u ɥɛ n Central People s Government Constitutional synonym 2 Chinese中央人民政府Literal meaningCentral People s GovernmentTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōngyang Renmin Zhengfǔ Contents 1 Organization 2 Members 2 1 Executive Meeting 2 2 Plenary Meeting 3 Organizational structure 3 1 General Office of the State Council 3 2 Constituent Departments of the State Council cabinet level 3 3 Special Organization directly under the State Council 3 4 Organizations directly under the State Council 3 5 Administrative Offices of the State Council 3 6 Institutions directly under the State Council 3 7 National Administrations administrated by ministry level agencies 3 8 Interdepartmental coordinating agencies 3 9 Agencies dispatched by the State Council 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksOrganization EditThe State Council is described by the Chinese constitution as the executive organ of the National People s Congress NPC as well as the highest state administrative organ 4 Constitutionally the main functions of the State Council are to formulate administrative measures issue decisions and orders and monitor their implementation draft legislative bills for submission to the NPC or its Standing Committee and prepare the economic plan and the state budget for deliberation and approval by the NPC 4 The State Council is under authority of the Chinese Communist Party CCP with the ultimate decisions being made by the Politburo 5 The State Council is officially led by the premier who is appointed by the NPC upon the nomination by the president 4 though in practice the premier is chosen within the CCP leadership including the Politburo Standing Committee 6 The premier is assisted by vice premiers one executive and generally three others state councillors and a secretary general who normally also serves as a state councillor who collectively make up the Executive Meeting of the State Council 4 Each vice premier oversees certain areas of administration in support of the premier 7 In practice the vice premiers and State Councillors assume responsibility for one or more sectors or issues and remain in contact with the various bodies responsible for policy related to that area This allows the Standing Committee to oversee a wide range of government functions 8 Each State Councillor performs duties as designated by the Premier The secretary general heads the General Office which handles the day to day work of the State Council 9 The plenary session of the State Council meets every six months Between meetings it is guided by a Standing Committee of the State Council of the People s Republic of China zh Executive Meeting that meets two to three times a month and can be called at the discretion of the premier 10 The State Council includes 26 constituent ministries and oversees the provincial level governments throughout China 5 Each ministry supervises one sector Commissions outrank ministries and set policies for and coordinate the related activities of different administrative organs Offices deal with matters of ongoing concern Bureaus and administrations rank below ministries In addition to the ministries there are 38 centrally administered government organizations that report directly to the state council The heads of these organizations attend full meetings of the state committee on an irregular basis There were attempts to separate the party and state in the late 1980s under Deng Xiaoping and Zhao Ziyang and have the CCP in charge of formulating policy and the State Council executing policy but these efforts were largely abandoned in the early 1990s Currently the State Council work rules state that it adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and resolutely safeguards the authority of the Party Central Committee 11 The State Council controls the Ministry for National Defense but does not control the People s Liberation Army which is instead controlled by the Central Military Commission CMC 12 The State Council previously had joint command over the People s Armed Police PAP together with the CMC principally through the Ministry of Public Security though 2018 reforms placed the PAP solely under CMC command 13 15 Members EditExecutive Meeting Edit Members of the Executive Meeting of the 14th State Council March 2023 March 2028 Portrait Name Government office s Party Party memberships1 nbsp Li Qiang李强 Premier CCP Politburo Standing CommitteeSecretary State Council Party Group zh 2 nbsp Ding Xuexiang丁薛祥 Vice Premier first ranked CCP Politburo Standing CommitteeDeputy Secretary State Council Party Group zh 3 nbsp He Lifeng何立峰 Vice Premier CCP PolitburoState Council Party Group zh 4 nbsp Zhang Guoqing张国清 Vice Premier CCP PolitburoState Council Party Group zh 5 nbsp Liu Guozhong刘国中 Vice Premier CCP PolitburoState Council Party Group zh 6 nbsp GeneralLi Shangfu李尚福 State CouncillorMinister of National Defense CCP Central Military CommissionState Council Party Group zh 7 nbsp Police Commissioner General zh Wang Xiaohong王小洪 State CouncillorMinister of Public Security CCP SecretariatDeputy Secretary Central Political and Legal Affairs CommissionState Council Party Group zh 8 Wu Zhenglong吴政隆 State CouncillorSecretary General of the State Council CCP State Council Party Group zh Secretary State Council Organs Party Group zh 9 Shen Yiqin谌贻琴 State Councillor CCP State Council Party Group zh 10 nbsp Qin Gang秦刚 State CouncillorMinister of Foreign Affairs until 25 July 2023 CCP State Council Party Group zh Plenary Meeting Edit Further information Ministries of the People s Republic of China The Plenary Meeting of the State Council is hosted by the Premier joined by Vice Premiers State Councillors Ministers in charge of Ministries and Commissions the Governor of the People s Bank the Auditor General and the Secretary General It usually runs bi annually and when necessary non members can be invited to participate Organizational structure EditGeneral Office of the State Council Edit Main article General Office of the State Council Secretary General of the State Council Deputy Secretaries General of the State CouncilConstituent Departments of the State Council cabinet level Edit Main article Ministries of the People s Republic of China Constituent Departments of the 14th State Council March 2023 March 2028 Logo Name of department Year established Incumbent chief Party Reports to1 nbsp Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Wang Yi王毅Minister of Foreign Affairs CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission Wang Yi himself 2 nbsp Ministry of National Defense国防部 1954 GeneralLi Shangfu李尚福 Member of the Central Military Commission State CouncillorMinister of National Defense CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping Chairman of the Central Military Commission 3 nbsp National Development and Reform Commission国家发展和改革委员会 2003 Zheng Shanjie郑栅洁Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang4 nbsp Ministry of Education教育部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Huai Jinpeng怀进鹏Minister of Education CCP5 nbsp Ministry of Science and Technology科学技术部 1998 Wang Zhigang王志刚Minister of Science and Technology CCP6 nbsp Ministry of Industry and Information Technology工业和信息化部 2008 Jin Zhuanglong金壮龙Minister of Industry and Information Technology CCP Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing7 nbsp National Ethnic Affairs Commission国家民族事务委员会 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Chen Xiaojiang陈小江Minister in charge of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission CCP Shi Taifeng Head of the CCP Central Committee United Front Work Department 8 nbsp Ministry of Public Security 公安部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Police Commissioner General zh Wang Xiaohong王小洪 State CouncillorMinister of Public Security CCP Chen Wenqing Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission 9 nbsp Ministry of State Security国家安全部 1983 Chen Yixin陈一新Minister of State Security CCP10 nbsp Ministry of Civil Affairs民政部 1978 Tang Dengjie唐登杰Minister of Civil Affairs CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin11 nbsp Ministry of Justice司法部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC 1979 re established He Rong贺荣Minister of Justice CCP Chen Wenqing Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission 12 nbsp Ministry of Finance财政部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Liu Kun刘昆Minister of Finance CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang13 nbsp Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security人力资源和社会保障部 2008 Wang Xiaoping王晓萍Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin14 nbsp Ministry of Natural Resources自然资源部 2018 Wang Guanghua王广华Minister of Natural Resources CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang15 nbsp Ministry of Ecology and Environment生态环境部 2018 Huang Runqiu黄润秋Minister of Ecology and Environment JS16 nbsp Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development住房和城乡建设部 2008 Ni Hong倪虹Minister of Housing and Urban Rural Development CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng17 nbsp Ministry of Transport交通运输部 2008 Li Xiaopeng李小鹏Minister of Transport CCP18 nbsp Ministry of Water Resources水利部 1949 CPG 1954 PRC Li Guoying李国英Minister of Water Resources CCP Vice Premier Liu Guozhong19 nbsp Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs农业农村部 2018 Tang Renjian唐仁健Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs CCP20 nbsp Ministry of Commerce商务部 2003 Wang Wentao王文涛Minister of Commerce CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng21 nbsp Ministry of Culture and Tourism文化和旅游部 2018 Hu Heping胡和平Minister of Culture and Tourism CCP Li Shulei Head of the CCP Central Committee Propaganda Department 22 nbsp National Health Commission国家卫生健康委员会 2018 Ma Xiaowei马晓伟Minister in charge of the National Health Commission CCP Vice Premier Liu Guozhong23 nbsp Ministry of Veterans Affairs退役军人事务部 2018 Pei Jinjia裴金佳Minister of Veterans Affairs CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin24 nbsp Ministry of Emergency Management应急管理部 2018 Wang Xiangxi王祥喜Ministry of Emergency Management CCP Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing25 nbsp People s Bank of China 中国人民银行 1948 Pan Gongsheng潘功胜Governor of the People s Bank of China CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng Director of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission Office 26 nbsp National Audit Office审计署 1983 Hou Kai侯凯Auditor General of the National Audit Office CCP Premier Li Qiang Vice Premier Ding XuexiangSpecial Organization directly under the State Council Edit Ministry levelState owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council SASAC 国务院国有资产监督管理委员会 established in 2003Organizations directly under the State Council Edit Ministry levelGeneral Administration of Customs of the People s Republic of China 中华人民共和国海关总署 State Administration of Taxation 国家税务总局 State Administration for Market Regulation 国家市场监督管理总局 National Administration of Financial Regulation 国家金融监督管理总局 China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证券监督管理委员会 National Radio and Television Administration 国家广播电视总局 General Administration of Sport 国家体育总局 Counsellors Office of the State Council 国务院参事室 Names reserved formerly ministry level National Press and Publication Administration 国家新闻出版署 additional name National Copyright Administration 国家版权局 both names reserved by the CCP Central Propaganda Department Sub ministry levelNational Public Complaints and Proposals Administration 国家信访局 National Intellectual Property Administration 国家知识产权局 National Bureau of Statistics 国家统计局 China International Development Cooperation Agency 国家国际发展合作署 National Healthcare Security Administration 国家医疗保障局 National Government Offices Administration 国家机关事务管理局 formerly the Government Offices Administration of the State Council 国务院机关事务管理局 Names reserved formerly sub ministry level National Religious Affairs Administration 国家宗教事务局 a name reserved by the CCP Central United Front Work Department Administrative Offices of the State Council Edit Ministry levelState Council Research Office 国务院研究室 Names reserved formerly ministry level Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council 国务院港澳事务办公室 under the CCP Central Committee Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council 国务院侨务办公室 a name reserved by the CCP Central United Front Work Department Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council 国务院台湾事务办公室 under the CCP Central Committee Cyberspace Administration of China 国家互联网信息办公室 under the CCP Central Committee State Council Information Office 国务院新闻办公室 a name reserved by the CCP Central Publicity Department Institutions directly under the State Council Edit Ministry levelXinhua News Agency 新华通讯社 administered by the CCP Central Publicity Department Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Engineering 中国工程院 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 中国社会科学院 Development Research Center of the State Council 国务院发展研究中心 China Media Group 中央广播电视总台 administered by the CCP Central Publicity DepartmentNames reserved formerly ministry level Chinese Academy of Governance 国家行政学院 a name reserved by the CCP Central Party School Sub ministry levelChina Meteorological Administration 中国气象局 National Administrations administrated by ministry level agencies Edit Sub ministry levelNational Food and Strategic Reserves Administration 国家粮食和物资储备局 administrated by the National Development and Reform Commission National Energy Administration 国家能源局 administrated by the National Development and Reform Commission National Data Administration 国家数据局 administrated by the National Development and Reform Commission State Administration of Science Technology and Industry for National Defense 国家国防科技工业局 administrated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology State Tobacco Monopoly Administration 国家烟草专卖局 officially sharing its office with China National Tobacco Corporation administrated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology National Immigration Administration 国家移民管理局 additional name Exit and Entry Administration 中华人民共和国出入境管理局 for Mainland Hong Kong Macau Taiwan border control administrated by the Ministry of Public Security National Forestry and Grassland Administration 国家林业和草原局 additional name National Park Administration 国家公园管理局 administrated by the Ministry of Natural Resources National Railway Administration 国家铁路局 administrated by the Ministry of Transport Civil Aviation Administration of China CAAC 中国民用航空局 administrated by the Ministry of Transport State Post Bureau 国家邮政局 administrated by the Ministry of Transport officially sharing its office with China Post Group Corporation National Cultural Heritage Administration 国家文物局 administrated by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine 国家中医药管理局 administrated by the National Health Commission National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention 国家疾病预防控制局 established on 13 May 2021 administrated by the National Health Commission National Mine Safety Administration 国家矿山安全监察局 administrated by the Ministry of Emergency Management National Fire and Rescue Administration 国家消防救援局 administrated by the Ministry of Emergency Management State Administration of Foreign Exchange 国家外汇管理局 administrated by the People s Bank of China National Medical Products Administration 国家药品监督管理局 formerly China Food and Drug Administration CFDA 国家食品药品监督管理总局 now administrated by the State Administration for Market Regulation Names reserved formerly sub ministry level National Civil Service Administration 国家公务员局 reserved by the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party National Archives Administration 国家档案局 i e the Central Archives 中央档案馆 of the CCP under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee National Administration of State Secrets Protection 国家保密局 i e the Office of the Central Secrecy Commission 中央保密委员会办公室 of the CCP under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee National Cryptography Administration 国家密码管理局 i e the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cryptography Work 中央密码工作领导小组办公室 of the CCP under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee State Language Commission 国家语言文字工作委员会 reserved by the Ministry of Education China National Space Administration 国家航天局 reserved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China Atomic Energy Authority 国家原子能机构 reserved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs 国家外国专家局 reserved by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security State Oceanic Administration 国家海洋局 reserved by the Ministry of Natural Resources National Nuclear Safety Administration 国家核安全局 reserved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment National Rural Revitalization Administration 国家乡村振兴局 reserved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs State Anti Monopoly Bureau 国家反垄断局 reserved by the State Administration of Market Regulation Certification and Accreditation Administration 国家认证认可监督管理委员会 reserved by the State Administration of Market Regulation Standardization Administration 国家标准化管理委员会 reserved by the State Administration of Market Regulation Interdepartmental coordinating agencies Edit National Defense Mobilization Commission NDMC 国家国防动员委员会 established in 1994 National Energy Commission NEC 国家能源委员会 established in 2010and many more Agencies dispatched by the State Council Edit Ministry levelLiaison Office of the Central People s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 中央人民政府驻香港特别行政区联络办公室 established on 18 January 2000 Liaison Office of the Central People s Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region 中央人民政府驻澳门特别行政区联络办公室 established on 18 January 2000 Sub ministry levelOffice for Safeguarding National Security of the Central People s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 中央人民政府驻香港特别行政区维护国家安全公署 established on 1 July 2020 See also Edit nbsp China portal nbsp Politics portalDepartment of State Affairs in the Three Departments and Six Ministries system Ming dynasty Central Secretariat Grand Secretariat Qing dynasty Grand Secretariat Grand Council Cabinet Republic of China State Council 1912 28 Executive Yuan 1928 present People s Republic of China Government Administration Council of the Central People s Government 1949 54 Ministries of the PRCReferences Edit Unraveling the Mysteries of China s Multiple Budgets Bloomberg com 13 March 2020 Archived from the original on 2021 02 09 Retrieved 2021 02 26 a b c d Article 85 of the Constitution of the People s Republic of China Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2011 10 24 Retrieved 2011 12 04 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link a b c d Constitution of the People s Republic of China National People s Congress Retrieved 2022 08 08 a b Cheng Li Prytherch Mallie 7 March 2023 China s new State Council What analysts might have missed Brookings Institution Retrieved 19 June 2023 China s backroom power brokers block reform candidates South China Morning Post 21 November 2012 Retrieved 26 September 2021 He Laura 4 March 2023 Meet the 4 men tapped to run China s economy CNN Retrieved 19 June 2023 Thomas Neil 5 April 2023 What are the Policy Assignments of China s New State Council Leadership Asia Society Retrieved 19 June 2023 Organic Law of the State Council of the People s Republic of China National People s Congress 13 December 2007 Retrieved 19 June 2023 Zheng William 28 March 2023 New work rules for China s State Council put the party firmly in charge South China Morning Post Retrieved 19 June 2023 国务院工作规则 State Council Work Rules State Council of the People s Republic of China 17 March 2023 Retrieved 19 June 2023 Boswell Matthew 2009 Media Relations in China s Military The Case of the Ministry of National Defense Information Office Asia Policy 8 97 120 ISSN 1559 0968 JSTOR 24904949 Wuthnow Joel 16 April 2019 China s Other Army The People s Armed Police in an Era of Reform PDF Washington Institute for National Strategic Studies Retrieved 3 October 2019 External links EditOfficial website nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title State Council of the People 27s Republic of China amp oldid 1176036692, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
