Constituent departments of the State Council
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The constituent departments of the State Council (Chinese: 国务院组成部门; pinyin: Guówùyuàn Zǔchéng Bùmén; lit. 'State Affairs Court Constituent Department(s)') are the principal units of State Council of the People's Republic of China. Types of departments include ministries (部; bù), commissions (委员会; wěiyuánhuì), the People's Bank of China and the National Audit Office.
The current 14th State Council has 26 Constitute Departments; 21 ministries, three commissions along with the PBC and the Audit Office. It also has a General Office, one Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution, 14 Directly Affiliated Institutions, one Office, 7 Directly Affiliated Public Institutions, and 17 National Bureaus managed by ministries and commissions of the State Council.[1][2][3][4]
Overview edit
Structure edit
Each department is headed by a head (minister, director, governor and auditor-general), who are responsible for the work of their departments. Each head is confirmed by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee on the recommendation of the premier, and ceremonially appointed by the president afterwards.[5][non-primary source needed] According to the Organic Law of the State Council, the head presides over the executive meetings of the department, and "signs important requests for instructions and reports to be submitted to the State Council as well as the orders and directives to be issued". Each department additionally has two to four deputy heads (vice ministers, deputy directors, deputy governors and deputy auditors-general), assisting the department head. They are appointed or removed by the State Council.[6]
Current departments edit
The 14th State Council has 26 Constituent Departments.[7][4][8]
The Ministry of Education retains the external nameplate of the National Language Working Committee. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology retains the external nameplates of China National Space Administration and of China Atomic Energy Authority. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is supplemented with the nameplate of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs. The Ministry of Natural Resources retains the external nameplate of the State Oceanic Administration. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment retains the external nameplate of the National Nuclear Safety Administration. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is supplemented with the nameplate of the National Rural Revitalization Administration.[1]
Former departments edit
Ministries edit
| Name of Ministry | Chinese | Year Established | Year Dissolved | Successor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ministry of Agriculture | 农业部 | 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 2018 | Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs |
| Ministry of Culture | 文化部 | 1975 (re-established) | 2018 | Ministry of Culture and Tourism |
| 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1970 | Culture Group of the State Council | ||
| Ministry of Supervision | 监察部 | 1987 (re-established) | 2018 | National Supervisory Commission |
| 1954 (of PRC) | 1959 | Central Commission for Discipline Inspection | ||
| Ministry of Land and Resources | 国土资源部 | 1998 | 2018 | Ministry of Natural Resources |
| Ministry of Environmental Protection | 环境保护部 | 2008 | 2018 | Ministry of Ecology and Environment |
| Ministry of Railways | 铁道部 | 1975 (re-established) | 2013 | Ministry of Transport |
| 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1975 | Ministry of Transport | ||
| Ministry of Health | 卫生部 | 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 2013 | National Health and Family Planning Commission |
| Ministry of Information Industry | 信息产业部 | 1998 | 2008 | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology |
| Ministry of Labour and Social Security (China) | 劳动和社会保障部 | 1998 | 2008 | Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security |
| Ministry of Personnel | 人事部 | 1988 | 2008 | |
| Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade (MOFERT) → Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation (MOFTEC) (renamed 1993) | 对外经济贸易部→对外贸易经济合作部 | 1982 | 2003 | Ministry of Commerce |
| Ministry of Domestic Trade | 国内贸易部 | 1993 | 1998 | State Bureau of Domestic Trade |
| Ministry of the Electronics Industry (China) | 电子工业部 | 1993 | 1998 | Ministry of Information Industry |
| 1982 | 1988 | Ministry of Machine-Building and Electronics Industry | ||
| Ministry of Electric Industry | 电力工业部 | 1993 (3rd est.) | 1998 | State Economic and Trade Commission |
| 1979 (2nd est.) | 1982 | Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power | ||
| 1955 (1st est.) | 1958 | |||
| Ministry of Coal Industry | 煤炭工业部 | 1993 | 1998 | State Bureau of Coal Industry |
| Ministry of Metallurgical Industry (MMI) | 冶金工业部 | 1956 | 1998 | State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry |
| Ministry of Chemical Industry | 化学工业部 | 1978 | 1998 | State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry |
| 1956 | 1970 | Ministry of Fuel and Chemial Industry | ||
| Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications | 邮电部 | 1973 | 1998 | Ministry of Information Industry |
| 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1970 | Ministry of Transport | ||
| Ministry of Labour | 劳动部 | 1988 | 1998 | Ministry of Labour and Social Security |
| 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1970 | State Planning Commission | ||
| Ministry of Radio and Television → Ministry of Radio, Film and Television (renamed 1986) | 广播电视部→广播电影电视部 | 1982 | 1998 | State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) |
| Ministry of Geology → Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources (renamed 1982) | 地质部→地质矿产部 | 1979 | 1998 | Ministry of Land and Resources |
| 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1970 | State Planning Commission | ||
| Ministry of Forestry | 林业部 | 1979 | 1998 | State Forestry Administration |
| Ministry of Machine-Building Industry | 机械工业部 | 1993 | 1998 | State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry |
| 1982 | 1986 | State Machine-Building Industry Commission | ||
| Ministry of Machine-Building and Electronics Industry | 机械电子工业部 | 1988 | 1993 | Ministry of Machine-Building Industry |
| Ministry of Aerospace Industry | 航空航天工业部 | 1988 | 1993 | China National Space Administration |
| Ministry of Energy | 能源部 | 1988 | 1993 | Ministry of Electric Industry Ministry of Coal Industry |
| Ministry of Petroleum Industry | 石油工业部 | 1978 | 1988 | Ministry of Energy |
| 1955 | 1970 | Ministry of Fuel and Chemical Industry | ||
| Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power | 水利电力部 | 1982 | 1988 | Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Electric Industry |
| 1958 | 1979 | |||
| Ministry of Labour and Personnel | 劳动人事部 | 1982 | 1988 | Ministry of Labour Ministry of Personnel |
| 7th Ministry of Machine Building → Ministry of Space Industry (renamed 1982) | 第七机械工业部→航天工业部 | 1965 | 1988 | Ministry of Aerospace Industry |
| 3rd Ministry of Machine Building → Ministry of Aviation Industry (renamed 1982) | 第三机械工业部→航空工业部 | 1963 | 1988 | |
| 3rd Ministry of Machine Building → 2nd Ministry of Machine Building (renamed 1958) → Ministry of Nuclear Industry (renamed 1982) | 第三机械工业部→第二机械工业部→核工业部 | 1955 | 1988 | China National Nuclear Corporation |
| 5th Ministry of Machine Building → Ministry of Ordnance Industry (renamed 1982) | 第五机械工业部→兵器工业部 | 1963 | 1986 | State Machine-Building Industry Commission |
| Ministry of Agricultural Machinery | 农业机械部 | 1979 | 1982 | Ministry of Machine-Building Industry |
| 1st Ministry of Machine Building | 第一机械工业部 | 1952 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1982 | |
| Ministry of Foreign Economic Liaison | 对外经济联络部 | 1970 | 1982 | Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade |
| Ministry of Foreign Trade | 对外贸易部 | 1952 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1982 | |
| 4th Ministry of Machine Building (electronics industry) | 第四机械工业部 | 1963 | 1982 | Ministry of Electronics Industry |
| 6th Ministry of Machine Building (shipbuiding) | 第六机械工业部 | 1963 | 1982 | China State Shipbuilding Corporation |
| 8th Ministry of Machine Building (tactical missiles) | 第八机械工业部 | 1979 | 1981 | 7th Ministry of Machine Building (space industry) |
| Ministry of Agricultural Machinery → 8th Ministry of Machine Building (renamed 1965) | 农业机械部→第八机械工业部 | 1959 | 1970 | 1st Ministry of Machine Building |
| Ministry of Internal Affairs | 内务部 | 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1969 | Ministry of Finance |
| 3rd Ministry of Machine Building (defense industry) | 第三机械工业部 | 1960 | 1963 | 3rd Ministry of Machine Building (aviation industry) 4th Ministry of Machine Building (electronics industry) 5th Ministry of Machine Building (ordnance industry) 6th Ministry of Machine Building (shipbuilding industry) |
| 2nd Ministry of Machine Building | 第二机械工业部 | 1952 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1958 | 1st Ministry of Machine Building |
| Ministry of Fuel Industry | 燃料工业部 | 1949 (of CPG) 1954 (of PRC) | 1955 | Ministry of Coal Industry Ministry of Petroleum Industry Ministry of Electric Industry |
Commissions edit
Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution edit
According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there is one Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution (国务院直属特设机构).[1][2][4]
Directly Affiliated Institutions edit
According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there are 14 Directly Affiliated Institution (国务院直属机构). The agencies are sorted in accordance with the official documents of the State Council.[1][2][4]
- General Administration of Customs
- State Administration for Market Regulation
- China Securities Regulatory Commission
- General Administration of Sport of China
- National Bureau of Statistics
- China International Development Cooperation Agency
- Counsellors' Office of the State Council
- State Taxation Administration
- National Administration of Financial Regulation
- National Radio and Television Administration
- National Public Complaints and Proposals Administration
- China National Intellectual Property Administration
- National Healthcare Security Administration
- National Government Offices Administration
The State Administration for Market Regulation retains the external nameplate of the State Anti-Monopoly Bureau, the National Certification and Accreditation Administration, and the National Standardization Administration. The National Press and Publication Administration (National Copyright Administration) is an external nameplate of the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party. The State Administration for Religious Affairs is an external nameplate of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.[1]
Office edit
According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there is one Office (国务院办事机构).[1][2][4]
- State Council Research Office (国务院研究室)
The Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council is an external nameplate of the United Front Work Department. The Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council is the nameplate of the Hong Kong and Macau Work Office. The Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Central Committee of the CCP, the Cyberspace Administration of China and the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission are both one institution with two names, and are directly under the Central Committee of the CCP. The State Council Information Office is an external nameplate of the CCP Central Propaganda Department.[1]
Directly Affiliated Public Institutions edit
The State Council has 7 Directly Affiliated Public Institutions (国务院直属事业单位):[1][2][4]
- Xinhua News Agency
- Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
- State Council Development Research Center
- China Meteorological Administration
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Engineering
- China Central Radio and Television
The National School of Administration and the Central Party School are directly under the CCP Central Committee.[1]
National Bureaus edit
The ministries and commissions of the State Council manage 17 National Bureaus:[1][3][4]
- National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration (managed by the National Development and Reform Commission)
- National Data Administration (managed by the National Development and Reform Commission)
- State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (managed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration (managed by the Ministry of Natural Resources)
- Civil Aviation Administration of China (managed by the Ministry of Transport)
- National Cultural Heritage Administration (managed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism)
- National Administration of Disease Control and Prevention (managed by the National Health Commission)
- National Fire and Rescue Administration (managed by the Ministry of Emergency Management)
- National Medical Products Administration (managed by the State Administration for Market Regulation)
- National Energy Administration (managed by the National Development and Reform Commission)
- State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (managed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)
- National Immigration Administration (managed by the Ministry of Public Security)
- National Railway Administration (managed by the Ministry of Transport)
- State Post Bureau (managed by the Ministry of Transport)
- National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (managed by the National Health Commission)
- National Mine Safety Administration (managed by the Ministry of Emergency Management)
- State Administration of Foreign Exchange (managed by the People's Bank of China)
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "国务院组织机构 – 中国政府网 Organizational Structure of the State Council – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 2023-10-24. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- ^ a b c d e 国务院 State Council. "国务院关于机构设置的通知 – 中国政府网 Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- ^ a b 国务院 State Council. "国务院关于部委管理的国家局设置的通知 – 中国政府网 Notice of the State Council on the establishment of national bureaus managed by ministries and commissions – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wei, Changhao; Hu, Taige; Liao, Zewei (Whiskey) (2023-03-07). "A Guide to China's 2023 State Council Restructuring". NPC Observer. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
- ^ "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ Wei, Changhao (2024-03-11). "NPC 2024: Annotated Translation of the Revised State Council Organic Law". NPC Observer. Retrieved 2024-04-15.
- ^ "China's new State Council: What analysts might have missed". Brookings. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
- ^ "The State Council of the People's Republic of China" (PDF). Freeman Chair in China Studies Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 2023-10-24.