Lithograph of Lily pond and fountain at the Bogor Botanical Gardens, 1880s
Photograph of Lily pond and fountain at the Bogor Botanical Gardens, 2014
In 1787 he was apprenticed to an Amsterdam pharmacy where his brother worked. He came in contact with several scientists, including the botanist Gerardus Vrolik (father of Willem Vrolik). He had his education at the Athenaeum Illustre where he successfully engaged in the study chemistry and botany.
Under the Batavian Republic and the Kingdom of Holland he served as a professor of natural history at the University of Harderwijk from 1800 to 1808. After a while he became associate professor of chemistry and pharmacy. In 1808 he appealed to king Louis Bonaparte and was offered work as director of the "to be built" botanical and zoological gardens and museums. In 1808 he became a member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands.[1] And in 1810 just before the annexation of the Kingdom of Holland by the French Empire, he became professor of natural history in Amsterdam. After the restoration of independence in 1813 and of its colonial empire in 1816, the Netherlands was eager to re-establish contact with its colonies. In 1816 he was offered a position as head of agriculture, arts and science of the colony, and journeyed to the Dutch East Indies where he conducted various botanical investigations throughout the archipelago. Reinwardt was the founder (1817) and first director of the botanical gardens at Bogor (then called Buitenzorg) in Java. There he gathered and cultivated various flora from the surrounding islands such as the Moluccas, Timor and Sulawesi.[2]
Reinwardt also undertook several expeditions to collect plants that were sent to the Hortus Botanicus Leiden. However, not many of these plants survived the journey from Java to the Netherlands. He remained as director of the Botanical Gardens until 1821 and spent most of his time gathering tropical plants. He returned to the Netherlands in 1822 and became a professor of natural history at the University of Leiden in 1823, where he devoted his life to chemistry, botany and mineralogy.[3]
In 1831 Reinwardt published a catalog of the plants growing in the Leiden Hortus. He counted exactly 5,600 species and varieties, an increase of nearly 600 since 1822. In particular, the numbers of Australian, Chinese and Japanese plants had increased. This increase in number of varieties was largely contributed by Philipp Franz von Siebold who sent many plants to the Hortus Botanicus in Leiden.
Reinwardt finally retired as a professor in 1845 and died nine years later. He was succeeded by Willem Hendrik de Vriese.
A journal of plant taxonomy Reinwardtia published by the Herbarium Bogoriense in Java, Indonesia is named after him.
Monument
On 16 May 2006 a monument for Reinwardt was erected in the Bogor Botanical Gardens by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) to celebrate its 189th anniversary. The monument was built at the initiative of the German Botanist, Herwig Zahorka.[7]
Eponymous taxa
Some of the taxa (botanical and zoological) that honor him are listed below:[3][6]
"Enumeratio plantarum quae in horto Lugduno-Batavo coluntur", 1831.
"Plantae Indiae Batavae Orientalis : quas, in itinere per insulas archipelagi indici Javam, Amboinam, Celebem, Ternatam, aliasque, annis 1815-1821 exploravit Casp. Georg. Carol. Reinwardt" (edited and published by Willem Hendrik de Vriese in 1856).
"The correspondence of Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt (1773-1854)" (In English, with Teunis Willem van Heiningen).[8]
De Leidse Hortus, een botanische erfenis; W.K.H. Karstens & H. Kleibrink; Waanders (1982); ISBN9070072920
Hortus Academicus Lugduno-Batavus, 1587-1937; H. Veendorp & L.G.M. Baas Becking; eerste druk in 1938, heruitgave in 1990 met een toegevoegde inleiding door C. Kalkman; ISBN90-71236-05-6
; Teunis Willem van Heiningen (ed.); The Hague: Huygens ING, 2011.
Levensberigt van Casper Georg Carl Reinwardt, in: Digitale bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse letteren, online versie hier
Reis naar het oostelijk gedeelte van den Indischen archipel, in het jaar 1821; Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt; F. Muller (1858); Google Books; online versie hier
Geschiedenis van de voormalige geldersche hoogeschool en hare hoogleeraren; Hermannus Bouman; J.G. van Terveen (1847); Google Books; online versie hier
Pagina van C.G.C. Reinwardt bij de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen
A. Weber: Hybrid Ambitions. Science, Governance, and Empire in the Career of Caspar G.C. Reinwardt (1773-1854). Leiden: Leiden University Press 2012.
A. Weber: Bitter Fruits of Accumulation. The Case of Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt (1773-1854), History of Science (2014), 297-318.
References
^"Caspar Georg Carel Reinwardt (1773 - 1854)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
caspar, georg, carl, reinwardt, june, 1773, lüttringhausen, march, 1854, leiden, prussian, born, dutch, botanist, considered, founding, father, bogor, botanical, garden, indonesia, caspar, reinwardt, contents, biography, legacy, monument, eponymous, taxa, sele. Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt 5 June 1773 in Luttringhausen 6 March 1854 in Leiden was a Prussian born Dutch botanist He is considered to be the founding father of Bogor Botanical Garden in Indonesia Caspar G C Reinwardt Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Legacy 1 2 Monument 2 Eponymous taxa 3 Selected works 4 Bibliography 5 ReferencesBiography Edit Lithograph of Lily pond and fountain at the Bogor Botanical Gardens 1880s Photograph of Lily pond and fountain at the Bogor Botanical Gardens 2014 In 1787 he was apprenticed to an Amsterdam pharmacy where his brother worked He came in contact with several scientists including the botanist Gerardus Vrolik father of Willem Vrolik He had his education at the Athenaeum Illustre where he successfully engaged in the study chemistry and botany Under the Batavian Republic and the Kingdom of Holland he served as a professor of natural history at the University of Harderwijk from 1800 to 1808 After a while he became associate professor of chemistry and pharmacy In 1808 he appealed to king Louis Bonaparte and was offered work as director of the to be built botanical and zoological gardens and museums In 1808 he became a member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands 1 And in 1810 just before the annexation of the Kingdom of Holland by the French Empire he became professor of natural history in Amsterdam After the restoration of independence in 1813 and of its colonial empire in 1816 the Netherlands was eager to re establish contact with its colonies In 1816 he was offered a position as head of agriculture arts and science of the colony and journeyed to the Dutch East Indies where he conducted various botanical investigations throughout the archipelago Reinwardt was the founder 1817 and first director of the botanical gardens at Bogor then called Buitenzorg in Java There he gathered and cultivated various flora from the surrounding islands such as the Moluccas Timor and Sulawesi 2 Reinwardt also undertook several expeditions to collect plants that were sent to the Hortus Botanicus Leiden However not many of these plants survived the journey from Java to the Netherlands He remained as director of the Botanical Gardens until 1821 and spent most of his time gathering tropical plants He returned to the Netherlands in 1822 and became a professor of natural history at the University of Leiden in 1823 where he devoted his life to chemistry botany and mineralogy 3 Reinwardt also studied amphibians and reptiles describing two new species of snakes Laticauda semifasciata and Xenopeltis unicolor 4 In 1831 Reinwardt published a catalog of the plants growing in the Leiden Hortus He counted exactly 5 600 species and varieties an increase of nearly 600 since 1822 In particular the numbers of Australian Chinese and Japanese plants had increased This increase in number of varieties was largely contributed by Philipp Franz von Siebold who sent many plants to the Hortus Botanicus in Leiden Reinwardt finally retired as a professor in 1845 and died nine years later He was succeeded by Willem Hendrik de Vriese Nepenthes reinwardtiana Legacy Edit The botanical journal Reinwardtia ISSN 0034 365X from Bogor Botanical Gardens Indonesia is named in his honour 5 The Reinwardt Academy the faculty of museology and cultural heritage of the Amsterdam University of the Arts is also named after Reinwardt Reinwardt is honored in some scientific names The genus Reinwardtia was named after him by Barthelemy Charles Joseph Dumortier and the species Nepenthes reinwardtiana was named after him by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel 6 A journal of plant taxonomy Reinwardtia published by the Herbarium Bogoriense in Java Indonesia is named after him Monument Edit On 16 May 2006 a monument for Reinwardt was erected in the Bogor Botanical Gardens by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences LIPI to celebrate its 189th anniversary The monument was built at the initiative of the German Botanist Herwig Zahorka 7 Eponymous taxa EditSome of the taxa botanical and zoological that honor him are listed below 3 6 Reinwardtia genus of plant in the family Linaceae Reinwardtoena genus of bird in the family Columbidae Great cuckoo dove Reinwardtoena reinwardtii a species of bird in the family Columbidae It is endemic to Indonesia Javan trogon Apalharpactes reinwardtii bird in the family Trogonidae Rhacophorus reinwardtii a flying frog from Indonesia Blackcap babbler Turdoides reinwardtii an Old World babbler Orange footed scrubfowl Megapodius reinwardtii a megapode Anoectochilus reinwardtii a species of jewel orchid endemic to Indonesia Farancia abacura reinwardti Western mud snake from the United States Selected works Edit Hepaticae Javanicae editae conjunctis studiis et opera 1824 with Carl Ludwig Blume Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck Uber den Charakter der Vegetation auf den inseln des Indischen Archipels 1828 Musci frondosi Iavanici 1828 with Christian Friedrich Hornschuch Enumeratio plantarum quae in horto Lugduno Batavo coluntur 1831 Plantae Indiae Batavae Orientalis quas in itinere per insulas archipelagi indici Javam Amboinam Celebem Ternatam aliasque annis 1815 1821 exploravit Casp Georg Carol Reinwardt edited and published by Willem Hendrik de Vriese in 1856 The correspondence of Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt 1773 1854 In English with Teunis Willem van Heiningen 8 The standard author abbreviation Reinw is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 9 Bibliography EditDe Leidse Hortus een botanische erfenis W K H Karstens amp H Kleibrink Waanders 1982 ISBN 9070072920 Hortus Academicus Lugduno Batavus 1587 1937 H Veendorp amp L G M Baas Becking eerste druk in 1938 heruitgave in 1990 met een toegevoegde inleiding door C Kalkman ISBN 90 71236 05 6 The Correspondence of Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt 1773 1854 Teunis Willem van Heiningen ed The Hague Huygens ING 2011 Levensberigt van Casper Georg Carl Reinwardt in Digitale bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse letteren online versie hier Reis naar het oostelijk gedeelte van den Indischen archipel in het jaar 1821 Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt F Muller 1858 Google Books online versie hier Geschiedenis van de voormalige geldersche hoogeschool en hare hoogleeraren Hermannus Bouman J G van Terveen 1847 Google Books online versie hier Pagina van C G C Reinwardt bij de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen A Weber Hybrid Ambitions Science Governance and Empire in the Career of Caspar G C Reinwardt 1773 1854 Leiden Leiden University Press 2012 A Weber Bitter Fruits of Accumulation The Case of Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt 1773 1854 History of Science 2014 297 318 References Edit Caspar Georg Carel Reinwardt 1773 1854 Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Retrieved 20 July 2015 ADB Reinwardt Kaspar George Karl Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie a b BHL Taxonomic literature a selective guide to botanical publications Reinwardt The Reptile Database www reptile database org HathiTrust Digital Library Reinwardtia a b JSTOR Global Plants Reinwardt Caspar George Carl 1773 1854 Caspar Georg Karl Reinwardt 5 Juni 1733 6 Maret 1854 Archived 2015 02 25 at the Wayback Machine jakarta diplo de WorldCat Search published works International Plant Names Index Reinw Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt amp oldid 1133184949, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
