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Carranque

December 18, 2023

Carranque is a town in the Toledo province, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is located in the area of the province bordering the province of Madrid called the Alta Sagra.

Carranque
Municipality
Coat of arms
Carranque
Location in Spain
Coordinates: 40°10′15″N 3°53′49″W / 40.17083°N 3.89694°W / 40.17083; -3.89694
Country Spain
Autonomous community Castile-La Mancha
ProvinceToledo
ComarcaLa Sagra
Judicial districtIllescas
FoundedVer texto
Government
 • AlcaldeAlejandro Pompa de Mingo (2007)
Area
 • Total25 km2 (10 sq mi)
Elevation
665 m (2,182 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total4,761
 • Density190/km2 (490/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Carranqueño, ña
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
45216
Dialing code925
WebsiteOfficial website

Archeological park edit

Carranque contains the site of a Roman villa that is protected as an archeological park by the Castile-La Mancha government. There are three main buildings visible by above-ground remains, the ruins of a Roman mill and a modern interpretation building.

It is located by the River Guadarrama, near a Roman road. It seems to be near the lost city of Titultiam.

In 1983 a local peasant, Samuel López Iglesias, found a series of mosaic floors while plowing in the fields known as las Suertes de Abajo.

The buildings date from the late fourth century and are thought to belong to a "Villa of Maternus Cinigius", the uncle of Theodosius I, Roman emperor, born in Hispania, but presently the owner is still unknown.[2]

The interpretation facility exhibits objects found during the excavations.

Buildings edit

Building A: Basilica edit

 
Head of the Basilica.

A Theodosian-era building that takes as models the governors' palaces. The hall was surrounded with 32 monolithic marble columns from the emperor's private quarries in Chios in Greece (known as or chium) and Iscehisar and Afyon in Anatolia (phygium or pavonazzeto marble). Soon it was converted for use in Christian cult and burials. The Visigothic arrival brought some changes. It was also used during the Islamic age. The Knights Templar used it as an abbey or monastery.

It appears as the hermitage of Santa María de Batres in the Relaciones de Felipe II (1576), with most of the area used as a cemetery. It was used as such until the 17th century. The head of the Roman building, as the hermitage of Santa María de Abajo ("Saint Mary of the lower side"), lasted until around 1920 when it was dynamited to serve as construction material for the modern town.

Its decoration shows the power of the patron. There were plates of marble, red porphyry, and green serpentinite, wall painting, opus sectile and mosaics with glass and golden-leaf tiles.

Anecdotally, the footprints of a caliga and a dog paw are visible on the mortar.

The floorplan, part of the head (the chapel) and some columns are now visible.

Building B: nympheum edit

Only remains of the floorplan were found.

Its location (a little knoll over the river) offers an interpretation as a monumental cistern with a fountain. Its shape reminds of a nymphaeum. It was built with opus caementicium (stone and mortar) and opus testaceum (brick). Mosaics covered the floor.

Building C: Villa of Maternus edit

Remains of the Roman villa were the first found. The villa was built in the Theodosian era over earlier production facilities of an agricultural villa. The slope was compensated with a terraced construction over around 1,200 m2 It is shaped around a peristylum patio.

The hypocaust under-floor heating and running water hint of the richness of the owner that becomes luxury when admiring the mosaics, assembled by at least three workshops, two of which took the unusual pride of signing their work.

Other rooms are covered with opus signinum (chalk and crushed bricks).

Mosaics edit

Sleeping room of Maternus edit

The cubiculum has a mosaic text in which the worker wishes Maternus prosperity. This Maternus is thought to be Maternus Cinigius, uncle of the emperor Theodosius. The mosaics depict:

Meeting room edit

The oecus, where the owner held meetings and banquets showing off his social status, was ended by a raised exedra. The mosaic depicts the death of Adonis. Two dogs named Leander and Titurus are also represented.

Dining hall edit

 
Briseis and Achilles.

The hypocaust of the triclinium was complemented by ceramic tubes in the walls that pulled the hot air upwards. The mosaic depicts the gift of the slave Briseis to Achilles as narrated in the Iliad.

A sloped floor formed a semicircular wall fountain with a mosaic of the god Oceanus, featuring crab antennas and claws and a wavy beard. The water effect was completed by blue-glass windows.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ^ https://english.elpais.com/culture/2023-10-07/forty-years-after-a-roman-villa-was-found-in-spain-its-owner-remains-unknown.html
  • Spanish Wikipedia as of September 19, 2006.
  • (in Spanish).

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carranque.
  • The Mosaics of Carranque

December 18, 2023
carranque, town, toledo, province, castile, mancha, spain, located, area, province, bordering, province, madrid, called, alta, sagra, municipalitycoat, armslocation, spaincoordinates, 17083, 89694, 17083, 89694country, spainautonomous, community, castile, manc. Carranque is a town in the Toledo province Castile La Mancha Spain It is located in the area of the province bordering the province of Madrid called the Alta Sagra CarranqueMunicipalityCoat of armsCarranqueLocation in SpainCoordinates 40 10 15 N 3 53 49 W 40 17083 N 3 89694 W 40 17083 3 89694Country SpainAutonomous community Castile La ManchaProvinceToledoComarcaLa SagraJudicial districtIllescasFoundedVer textoGovernment AlcaldeAlejandro Pompa de Mingo 2007 Area Total25 km2 10 sq mi Elevation665 m 2 182 ft Population 2018 1 Total4 761 Density190 km2 490 sq mi Demonym s Carranqueno naTime zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code45216Dialing code925WebsiteOfficial website Contents 1 Archeological park 2 Buildings 2 1 Building A Basilica 2 2 Building B nympheum 2 3 Building C Villa of Maternus 3 Mosaics 3 1 Sleeping room of Maternus 3 2 Meeting room 3 3 Dining hall 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksArcheological park editCarranque contains the site of a Roman villa that is protected as an archeological park by the Castile La Mancha government There are three main buildings visible by above ground remains the ruins of a Roman mill and a modern interpretation building It is located by the River Guadarrama near a Roman road It seems to be near the lost city of Titultiam In 1983 a local peasant Samuel Lopez Iglesias found a series of mosaic floors while plowing in the fields known as las Suertes de Abajo The buildings date from the late fourth century and are thought to belong to a Villa of Maternus Cinigius the uncle of Theodosius I Roman emperor born in Hispania but presently the owner is still unknown 2 The interpretation facility exhibits objects found during the excavations Buildings editBuilding A Basilica edit nbsp Head of the Basilica A Theodosian era building that takes as models the governors palaces The hall was surrounded with 32 monolithic marble columns from the emperor s private quarries in Chios in Greece known as or chium and Iscehisar and Afyon in Anatolia phygium or pavonazzeto marble Soon it was converted for use in Christian cult and burials The Visigothic arrival brought some changes It was also used during the Islamic age The Knights Templar used it as an abbey or monastery It appears as the hermitage of Santa Maria de Batres in the Relaciones de Felipe II 1576 with most of the area used as a cemetery It was used as such until the 17th century The head of the Roman building as the hermitage of Santa Maria de Abajo Saint Mary of the lower side lasted until around 1920 when it was dynamited to serve as construction material for the modern town Its decoration shows the power of the patron There were plates of marble red porphyry and green serpentinite wall painting opus sectile and mosaics with glass and golden leaf tiles Anecdotally the footprints of a caliga and a dog paw are visible on the mortar The floorplan part of the head the chapel and some columns are now visible Building B nympheum edit Only remains of the floorplan were found Its location a little knoll over the river offers an interpretation as a monumental cistern with a fountain Its shape reminds of a nymphaeum It was built with opus caementicium stone and mortar and opus testaceum brick Mosaics covered the floor Building C Villa of Maternus edit Remains of the Roman villa were the first found The villa was built in the Theodosian era over earlier production facilities of an agricultural villa The slope was compensated with a terraced construction over around 1 200 m2 It is shaped around a peristylum patio The hypocaust under floor heating and running water hint of the richness of the owner that becomes luxury when admiring the mosaics assembled by at least three workshops two of which took the unusual pride of signing their work Other rooms are covered with opus signinum chalk and crushed bricks Mosaics editSleeping room of Maternus edit The cubiculum has a mosaic text in which the worker wishes Maternus prosperity This Maternus is thought to be Maternus Cinigius uncle of the emperor Theodosius The mosaics depict Portraits of Athena Hercules and Diana the kidnapping of Hylas by the Nymphs Acteon and the bath of Diana Pyramus and Thisbe Amymone and NeptuneMeeting room edit The oecus where the owner held meetings and banquets showing off his social status was ended by a raised exedra The mosaic depicts the death of Adonis Two dogs named Leander and Titurus are also represented Dining hall edit nbsp Briseis and Achilles The hypocaust of the triclinium was complemented by ceramic tubes in the walls that pulled the hot air upwards The mosaic depicts the gift of the slave Briseis to Achilles as narrated in the Iliad A sloped floor formed a semicircular wall fountain with a mosaic of the god Oceanus featuring crab antennas and claws and a wavy beard The water effect was completed by blue glass windows See also editRoman sites in SpainReferences edit Municipal Register of Spain 2018 National Statistics Institute https english elpais com culture 2023 10 07 forty years after a roman villa was found in spain its owner remains unknown html Spanish Wikipedia as of September 19 2006 Version accesible del sitio Web del Parque Arqueologico de Carranque in Spanish External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carranque The Mosaics of Carranque Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carranque amp oldid 1180516811, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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