This proposal has been confirmed by a 2014 study of whole genomes of 48 representative bird species.[5] This analysis shows that the Cariamiformes are basal among extant Australaves, while falcons are next most basal; in combination with the fact that the two most basal branches of Afroaves (New World vultures plus Accipitriformes, and owls) are also predatory, it is inferred that the common ancestor of 'core landbirds' (Telluraves) was an apex predator.[5] However, some researchers like Darren Naish feel that this assessment is biased towards the more well known, predatory representatives of the clade,[6] and indeed at least one form, Strigogyps, appears to have been herbivorous.[7]
The earliest known unambiguous member of this group is early Eocene taxon Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis.[8] An isolated femur from the Cape Lamb Member of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation, Vega Island, Antarctica was briefly described as a cariamiform femur in 2006. This specimen, which dates to the late Cretaceous period 66 million years ago, was originally reported as indistinguishable from the femurs of modern seriemas, and belonging to a large bird about 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall. Because of its age and geographic location, it was argued that this unnamed species may have been close to the ancestry of both cariamids and phorusrhacids.[9] However, a subsequent study published by West et al. (2019) reinterpreted this specimen as a fossil of an unnamed large-bodied member of a non-cariamiform genus Vegavis.[10]
Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Cariamiformes is basal to the Falconiformes, Psittaciformes and Passeriformes:[4]
^Mayr, G. 2005. "Old World phorusrhacids" (Aves, Phorusrhacidae): a new look at Strigogyps ("Aenigmavis") sapea (Peters 1987). PaleoBios
^Alvarenga, H., Chiappe, L. & Bertelli, S. 2011. Phorusrhacids: the terror birds. In Dyke, G. & Kaiser, G. (eds) Living Dinosaurs: the Evolutionary History of Modern Birds. John Wiley & Sons (Chichester, UK), pp. 187-208.
^Hackett, Shannon J.; et al. (2008-06-27). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
^ abPrum, R.O.; Berv, J.S.; Dornburg, A.; Field, D.J.; Townsend, J.P.; Lemmon, E.M.; Lemmon, A.R. (2015). "A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing". Nature. 526 (7574): 569–573. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..569P. doi:10.1038/nature15697. PMID 26444237.
^ abJarvis, E. D.; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; Li, B.; Houde, P.; Li, C.; Ho, S. Y. W.; Faircloth, B. C.; Nabholz, B.; Howard, J. T.; Suh, A.; Weber, C. C.; Da Fonseca, R. R.; Li, J.; Zhang, F.; Li, H.; Zhou, L.; Narula, N.; Liu, L.; Ganapathy, G.; Boussau, B.; Bayzid, M. S.; Zavidovych, V.; Subramanian, S.; Gabaldon, T.; Capella-Gutierrez, S.; Huerta-Cepas, J.; Rekepalli, B.; Munch, K.; et al. (2014). (PDF). Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. hdl:10072/67425. PMC4405904. PMID 25504713. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-24. Retrieved 2015-08-29.
^Naish, Darren. "Bird behaviour, the 'deep time' perspective". scientificamerican.com. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
^Gerald Mayr, Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae)
^Mayr, Gerald (2022). "Accipitriformes (New World Vultures, Hawks, and Allies), Falconiformes (Falcons), and Cariamiformes (Seriemas and Allies)". Paleogene Fossil Birds. Fascinating Life Sciences (Second ed.). Springer Cham. pp. 153–176. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87645-6_8. ISBN978-3-030-87644-9. S2CID 246810485.
^Case, J.; Reguero, M.; Martin, J.; Cordes-Person, A. (2006). "A cursorial bird from the Maastrictian of Antarctica". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 26 (3): 48A.
^Abagael R. West; Christopher R. Torres; Judd A. Case; Julia A. Clarke; Patrick M. O'Connor; Matthew C. Lamanna (2019). "An avian femur from the Late Cretaceous of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula: removing the record of cursorial landbirds from the Mesozoic of Antarctica". PeerJ. 7: e7231. doi:10.7717/peerj.7231. PMC6626523. PMID 31333904.
February 08, 2023
cariamiformes, cariamae, order, primarily, flightless, birds, that, existed, over, million, years, group, includes, family, cariamidae, seriemas, extinct, families, phorusrhacidae, bathornithidae, idiornithidae, ameghinornithidae, though, traditionally, consid. Cariamiformes or Cariamae is an order of primarily flightless birds that has existed for over 60 million years The group includes the family Cariamidae seriemas and the extinct families Phorusrhacidae Bathornithidae Idiornithidae and Ameghinornithidae Though traditionally considered a suborder within Gruiformes both morphological and genetic studies 3 show that it belongs to a separate group of birds Australaves whose other living members are Falconidae Psittaciformes and Passeriformes 4 CariamiformesTemporal range Early Eocene present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Suspected but still not confirmed late Cretaceous origin by molecular clockRed legged seriema Cariama cristata Cariamidae Kelenken Phorusrhacidae Scientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesClade AustralavesOrder CariamiformesFurbringer 1888FamiliesCariamidae Ameghinornithidae 1 Bathornithidae Elaphrocnemus 2 Idiornithidae Phorusrhacidae Qianshanornithidae SalmilidaeThis proposal has been confirmed by a 2014 study of whole genomes of 48 representative bird species 5 This analysis shows that the Cariamiformes are basal among extant Australaves while falcons are next most basal in combination with the fact that the two most basal branches of Afroaves New World vultures plus Accipitriformes and owls are also predatory it is inferred that the common ancestor of core landbirds Telluraves was an apex predator 5 However some researchers like Darren Naish feel that this assessment is biased towards the more well known predatory representatives of the clade 6 and indeed at least one form Strigogyps appears to have been herbivorous 7 The earliest known unambiguous member of this group is early Eocene taxon Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis 8 An isolated femur from the Cape Lamb Member of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation Vega Island Antarctica was briefly described as a cariamiform femur in 2006 This specimen which dates to the late Cretaceous period 66 million years ago was originally reported as indistinguishable from the femurs of modern seriemas and belonging to a large bird about 1 metre 3 3 ft tall Because of its age and geographic location it was argued that this unnamed species may have been close to the ancestry of both cariamids and phorusrhacids 9 However a subsequent study published by West et al 2019 reinterpreted this specimen as a fossil of an unnamed large bodied member of a non cariamiform genus Vegavis 10 Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Cariamiformes is basal to the Falconiformes Psittaciformes and Passeriformes 4 Australaves Cariamiformes seriemas Falconiformes falcons Psittaciformes parrots Passeriformes songbirds References Edit Mayr G 2005 Old World phorusrhacids Aves Phorusrhacidae a new look at Strigogyps Aenigmavis sapea Peters 1987 PaleoBios Alvarenga H Chiappe L amp Bertelli S 2011 Phorusrhacids the terror birds In Dyke G amp Kaiser G eds Living Dinosaurs the Evolutionary History of Modern Birds John Wiley amp Sons Chichester UK pp 187 208 Hackett Shannon J et al 2008 06 27 A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History Science 320 5884 1763 1768 Bibcode 2008Sci 320 1763H doi 10 1126 science 1157704 PMID 18583609 S2CID 6472805 Retrieved 2008 10 18 a b Prum R O Berv J S Dornburg A Field D J Townsend J P Lemmon E M Lemmon A R 2015 A comprehensive phylogeny of birds Aves using targeted next generation DNA sequencing Nature 526 7574 569 573 Bibcode 2015Natur 526 569P doi 10 1038 nature15697 PMID 26444237 a b Jarvis E D Mirarab S Aberer A J Li B Houde P Li C Ho S Y W Faircloth B C Nabholz B Howard J T Suh A Weber C C Da Fonseca R R Li J Zhang F Li H Zhou L Narula N Liu L Ganapathy G Boussau B Bayzid M S Zavidovych V Subramanian S Gabaldon T Capella Gutierrez S Huerta Cepas J Rekepalli B Munch K et al 2014 Whole genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds PDF Science 346 6215 1320 1331 Bibcode 2014Sci 346 1320J doi 10 1126 science 1253451 hdl 10072 67425 PMC 4405904 PMID 25504713 Archived from the original PDF on 2015 02 24 Retrieved 2015 08 29 Naish Darren Bird behaviour the deep time perspective scientificamerican com Retrieved 12 April 2018 Gerald Mayr Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea Ameghinornithidae Mayr Gerald 2022 Accipitriformes New World Vultures Hawks and Allies Falconiformes Falcons and Cariamiformes Seriemas and Allies Paleogene Fossil Birds Fascinating Life Sciences Second ed Springer Cham pp 153 176 doi 10 1007 978 3 030 87645 6 8 ISBN 978 3 030 87644 9 S2CID 246810485 Case J Reguero M Martin J Cordes Person A 2006 A cursorial bird from the Maastrictian of Antarctica Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 3 48A Abagael R West Christopher R Torres Judd A Case Julia A Clarke Patrick M O Connor Matthew C Lamanna 2019 An avian femur from the Late Cretaceous of Vega Island Antarctic Peninsula removing the record of cursorial landbirds from the Mesozoic of Antarctica PeerJ 7 e7231 doi 10 7717 peerj 7231 PMC 6626523 PMID 31333904 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cariamiformes amp oldid 1131366925, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
