Biancaea sappan is a species of floweringtree in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is native to tropical Asia. Common names in English include sappanwood and Indian redwood.[2] It was previously ascribed to the genus Caesalpinia.[3] Sappanwood is related to brazilwood (Paubrasilia echinata), and was itself called brasilwood in the Middle Ages.[4]
This plant has many uses. It has antibacterial and anticoagulant properties.[citation needed] It also produces a valuable reddish dye called brazilin, used for dyeing fabric as well as making red paints and inks.[a] Slivers of heartwood are used for making herbal drinking water in various regions, such as Kerala, Karnataka and Central Java, where it is usually mixed with ginger, cinnamon, and cloves. The heartwood also contains juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), which has antimicrobial activity.[7] Homoisoflavonoids (sappanol, episappanol, 3'-deoxysappanol, 3'-O-methylsappanol, 3'-O-methylepisappanol[8] and sappanone A[9]) can also be found in B. sappan.
The wood is somewhat lighter in color than brazilwood and other related trees. Sappanwood was a major trade good during the 17th century, when it was exported from Southeast Asian nations (especially Thailand) aboard red seal ships to Japan.
^"From the Yoshimua Dye-works archive, we have learned that in 1845, the expensive safflower red was subsitituted or diluted with sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)."[6]: 1
ReferencesEdit
^World Conservation Monitoring Centre (2018). "Biancaea sappan". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T34641A127066650. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T34641A127066650.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^Gagnon E, Bruneau A, Hughes CE, de Queiroz LP, Lewis GP (2016). "A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae)". PhytoKeys (71): 1–160. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203. PMC5558824. PMID 28814915.
^Von Muralt, Malou (November 2006). Translated by Campos, Regina. "A árvore que se tornou país" [The tree that became a country]. Revista da USP (in Brazilian Portuguese). 71: 171–198. ISSN 0103-9989. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
^Arai, Masanao; Iwamoto Wada, Yoshiko (2010). "BENI ITAJIME: CARVED BOARD CLAMP RESIST DYEING IN RED" (PDF). Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. University of Nebraska - Lincoln. from the original on 2 November 2021.
^Lim, M.-Y.; Jeon, J.-H.; Jeong, E. Y.; Lee, C. H.; Lee, H.-S. (2007). "Antimicrobial Activity of 5-Hydroxy-1,4-Naphthoquinone Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan toward Intestinal Bacteria". Food Chemistry. 100 (3): 1254–1258. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.12.009.
^Namikoshi, Michio; Nakata, Hiroyuki; Yamada, Hiroyuki; Nagai, Minako; Saitoh, Tamotsu (1987). "Homoisoflavonoids and related compounds. II. Isolation and absolute configurations of 3,4-dihydroxylated homoisoflavans and brazilins from Caesalpinia sappan L". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 35 (7): 2761. doi:10.1248/cpb.35.2761.
^Chang, T. S.; Chao, S. Y.; Ding, H. Y. (2012). "Melanogenesis Inhibition by Homoisoflavavone Sappanone a from Caesalpinia sappan". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 13 (8): 10359–10367. doi:10.3390/ijms130810359. PMC3431864. PMID 22949866.
biancaea, sappan, species, flowering, tree, legume, family, fabaceae, that, native, tropical, asia, common, names, english, include, sappanwood, indian, redwood, previously, ascribed, genus, caesalpinia, sappanwood, related, brazilwood, paubrasilia, echinata, . Biancaea sappan is a species of flowering tree in the legume family Fabaceae that is native to tropical Asia Common names in English include sappanwood and Indian redwood 2 It was previously ascribed to the genus Caesalpinia 3 Sappanwood is related to brazilwood Paubrasilia echinata and was itself called brasilwood in the Middle Ages 4 Biancaea sappanLeaves and fruitsConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 2 3 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder FabalesFamily FabaceaeSubfamily CaesalpinioideaeGenus BiancaeaSpecies B sappanBinomial nameBiancaea sappan L 1753 Tod 1875SynonymsCaesalpinia sappan L 1753Biancaea sappan can be infected by twig dieback Lasiodiplodia theobromae 5 This plant has many uses It has antibacterial and anticoagulant properties citation needed It also produces a valuable reddish dye called brazilin used for dyeing fabric as well as making red paints and inks a Slivers of heartwood are used for making herbal drinking water in various regions such as Kerala Karnataka and Central Java where it is usually mixed with ginger cinnamon and cloves The heartwood also contains juglone 5 hydroxy 1 4 naphthoquinone which has antimicrobial activity 7 Homoisoflavonoids sappanol episappanol 3 deoxysappanol 3 O methylsappanol 3 O methylepisappanol 8 and sappanone A 9 can also be found in B sappan The wood is somewhat lighter in color than brazilwood and other related trees Sappanwood was a major trade good during the 17th century when it was exported from Southeast Asian nations especially Thailand aboard red seal ships to Japan Contents 1 Gallery 2 Notes 3 References 4 External linksGallery Edit nbsp Leaves flower buds nbsp Fruits nbsp Bark nbsp PlantlingsNotes Edit From the Yoshimua Dye works archive we have learned that in 1845 the expensive safflower red was subsitituted or diluted with sappan Caesalpinia sappan L and turmeric Curcuma longa L 6 1 References Edit World Conservation Monitoring Centre 2018 Biancaea sappan IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T34641A127066650 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 1 RLTS T34641A127066650 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 sanscrit Patranga Caesalpinia sappan L Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved Jul 6 2016 Gagnon E Bruneau A Hughes CE de Queiroz LP Lewis GP 2016 A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group Leguminosae PhytoKeys 71 1 160 doi 10 3897 phytokeys 71 9203 PMC 5558824 PMID 28814915 Von Muralt Malou November 2006 Translated by Campos Regina A arvore que se tornou pais The tree that became a country Revista da USP in Brazilian Portuguese 71 171 198 ISSN 0103 9989 Retrieved 29 January 2023 CAB Direct Arai Masanao Iwamoto Wada Yoshiko 2010 BENI ITAJIME CARVED BOARD CLAMP RESIST DYEING IN RED PDF Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings University of Nebraska Lincoln Archived from the original on 2 November 2021 Lim M Y Jeon J H Jeong E Y Lee C H Lee H S 2007 Antimicrobial Activity of 5 Hydroxy 1 4 Naphthoquinone Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan toward Intestinal Bacteria Food Chemistry 100 3 1254 1258 doi 10 1016 j foodchem 2005 12 009 Namikoshi Michio Nakata Hiroyuki Yamada Hiroyuki Nagai Minako Saitoh Tamotsu 1987 Homoisoflavonoids and related compounds II Isolation and absolute configurations of 3 4 dihydroxylated homoisoflavans and brazilins from Caesalpinia sappan L Chemical amp Pharmaceutical Bulletin 35 7 2761 doi 10 1248 cpb 35 2761 Chang T S Chao S Y Ding H Y 2012 Melanogenesis Inhibition by Homoisoflavavone Sappanone a from Caesalpinia sappan International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13 8 10359 10367 doi 10 3390 ijms130810359 PMC 3431864 PMID 22949866 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Sapan Wood Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 24 11th ed Cambridge University Press External links Edit nbsp Media related to Biancaea sappan at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Data related to Biancaea sappan at Wikispecies nbsp This Caesalpinioideae related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Biancaea sappan amp oldid 1136265579, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
