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Bø, Nordland

is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Vesterålen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Straume (grocery and gasoline stations). In addition to this, Bø municipality consists of several other villages including Steine and Vinje (grocery, liquor store, swimming pool, movie theater and additional service infrastructure), Gimstad, Fjærvoll, Straumsjøen, Skårvågen, Søberg, Malnes/ Eidet (grocery and hardware store), Guvåg, Hovden, Klakksjorda, Nykvåg, Utskor, Ringstad and Vågen. The area named Bø in Bø municipality is the place where Bø Church (built 1824) is located.

Bø Municipality
Bø kommune
6
Nordland within Norway
Bø within Nordland
Coordinates: 68°41′43″N 14°34′46″E / 68.69528°N 14.57944°E / 68.69528; 14.57944
CountryNorway
CountyNordland
DistrictVesterålen
Established1 Jan 1838
 • Created asFormannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centreStraume
Government
 • Mayor (2007)Sture Pedersen (H)
Area
 • Total246.7 km2 (95.3 sq mi)
 • Land234.9 km2 (90.7 sq mi)
 • Water11.8 km2 (4.6 sq mi)  4.8%
 • Rank#288 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
 • Total2,584
 • Rank#248 in Norway
 • Density11/km2 (30/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
 −2.6%
DemonymBøfjerding[1]
Official language
 • Norwegian formNeutral
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1867[3]
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

The Litløy Lighthouse is located on the tiny island of Litløya off the coast of Bø.

The 247-square-kilometre (95 sq mi) municipality is the 288th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bø is the 248th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,584. The municipality's population density is 11 inhabitants per square kilometre (28/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]

General information edit

 
Hovden in Bø municipality
 
View towards Ryggedalsvatnet lake in the distance, northern part of Bø

The municipality of Bø was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1866, a small area of the neighboring Øksnes Municipality (population: 40) was transferred to Bø. On 1 January 1964, the Kråkberget village and the peninsula north of Kråkberget (population: 271) was transferred from the neighboring municipality of Øksnes to Bø.[6]

Name edit

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old farm (Old Norse: Bœr) since the first Bø Church was built there. The name is identical to the word bœr which means "farm" or "farmstead". It is a cognate with the Dutch language word boer which means "farmer".[7]

Coat of arms edit

The coat of arms was granted on 7 August 1987. The official blazon is "Sable, a demi-boat argent with a mast and a square sail" (Norwegian: I svart en halv sølv båt med mast og råseil). This means the arms have a black field (background) and the charge is a half-boat with a mast and a square sail. The boat has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. This was chosen to represent the importance of fishing in Bø, but also reminiscent of some old legends/fairy tales in the region that include a "half boat". (The sea ghost draugr travelled in a half boat.) The arms were designed by Rolf Tidemann.[8][9][10]

Churches edit

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Bø. It is part of the Vesterålen prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.

Churches in Bø
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Bø og Malnes Bø Church 1824
Malnes Church Eidet 1895

Population edit

The municipality has sustained a steady decline in population since the 1950s when 6,122 people lived in Bø. The 2001 census showed that the population had declined to 3,156,[11] while the fourth quarter population estimate for 2007 showed the population at 2866.[12] The bureau of statistics projects a continued population decline.[13]

The municipality has 73 gårdsnummer in the cadastre.[14] The largest and densest population center is the Vinje, Skagen, and Steine area in the southwestern part of the municipality,[15] which is designated as the village of "Bø" by Statistics Norway.

Government edit

All municipalities in Norway are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[16] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Midtre Hålogaland District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.

Taxation edit

In 2020, the municipality announced a reduction in its wealth tax, creating a tax shelter unique in Norway, in order to encourage population growth. The state charges a 0.85% wealth tax on an individual's global assets above 1.5 million Norwegian kroner. Of this, 0.15% goes to the state, and the remaining 0.7% goes to the individual's municipality of residence. Bø announced that after January 2021, it would reduce its stake to just from 0.7% to 0.2%, and thus reducing the tax collected from 0.85% to 0.35%.[17]

Municipal council edit

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Bø is made up of 19 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Bø kommunestyre 2024–2027 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 2
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
  Joint list of the Red Party (Rødt) and the Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 2019–2023 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 2
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 2015–2019 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
  Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 2011–2015 [21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 2007–2011 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 2003–2007 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 3
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:19
Bø kommunestyre 1999–2003 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 9
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Midtbygda's common list (Midtbygdas fellesliste)1
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1995–1999 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)3
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)2
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1991–1995 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)4
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)3
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1987–1991 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)5
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)4
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1983–1987 [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)4
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)2
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1979–1983 [26]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)6
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)2
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1975–1979 [27]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Nordbygden's Common List (Nordbygdens Fellesliste)9
 Midtbygden's Common List (Midtbygdens Fellesliste)4
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1971–1975 [28]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 11
 Socialist common list (Venstresosialistiske felleslister)1
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1967–1971 [29]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:25
Bø kommunestyre 1963–1967 [30]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:25
Bø herredsstyre 1959–1963 [31]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:25
Bø herredsstyre 1955–1959 [32]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 6
Total number of members:25
Bø herredsstyre 1951–1955 [33]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 2
Total number of members:24
Bø herredsstyre 1947–1951 [34]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:24
Bø herredsstyre 1945–1947 [35]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 6
Total number of members:24
Bø herredsstyre 1937–1941* [36]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 1
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 3
Total number of members:24
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors edit

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Bø (incomplete list):

  • 1863-1864: John Røst Olsen
  • 1881-1888: John Røst Olsen
  • 1889-1910: William Martinussen (V)
  • 1917-1934: William Martinussen (V)
  • 1945-1945: Jens Steffensen (Ap)
  • 2003-2007: Viggo Johnsen (Sp)
  • 2007–present: Sture Pedersen (H)

Geography edit

The municipality of Bø lies on the island of Langøya and many small surrounding islets including Litløya and Gaukværøy. The Norwegian County Road 820 is the only road that connects Bø to the rest of Norway via the 1,612-metre (5,289 ft) long Ryggedal Tunnel, connecting Bø to the neighboring municipalities of Øksnes and Sortland.

Climate edit

Bø has a subpolar oceanic climate, and is close to a temperate oceanic climate. Bø is the northernmost location in the world with all monthly means above 0 °C (32 °F). The current weather station is on the south coast of the island. An earlier weather station was located more inland on the island in a flat marshy area, and had recorded up to 30 °C (86 °F) in July and down to −20 °C (−4 °F) in February.

Climate data for Bø i Vesterålen 1991–2020 (8 m, extremes 2003–2023)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9
(48)
8
(46)
10
(50)
17.2
(63.0)
22.4
(72.3)
27.6
(81.7)
28.8
(83.8)
28.4
(83.1)
20.6
(69.1)
16.6
(61.9)
13
(55)
9.5
(49.1)
28.8
(83.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)
0.1
(32.2)
0.7
(33.3)
3
(37)
6.5
(43.7)
9.8
(49.6)
12.5
(54.5)
12.3
(54.1)
9.7
(49.5)
5.8
(42.4)
3.5
(38.3)
1.8
(35.2)
5.5
(41.9)
Record low °C (°F) −11.4
(11.5)
−11.6
(11.1)
−9.8
(14.4)
−6.4
(20.5)
−2.7
(27.1)
0.9
(33.6)
4.7
(40.5)
2.8
(37.0)
0.7
(33.3)
−4.3
(24.3)
−7.7
(18.1)
−9.2
(15.4)
−11.6
(11.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 83
(3.3)
71
(2.8)
73
(2.9)
53
(2.1)
47
(1.9)
41
(1.6)
49
(1.9)
57
(2.2)
84
(3.3)
99
(3.9)
96
(3.8)
99
(3.9)
852
(33.6)
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[37]
Climate data for Bø i Vesterålen 1961–1990
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)
0.6
(33.1)
1.6
(34.9)
4.2
(39.6)
9.2
(48.6)
12.7
(54.9)
15.2
(59.4)
14.7
(58.5)
10.8
(51.4)
6.9
(44.4)
3.4
(38.1)
1.5
(34.7)
6.8
(44.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.4
(29.5)
−1.5
(29.3)
−0.6
(30.9)
1.9
(35.4)
6.4
(43.5)
9.7
(49.5)
12.1
(53.8)
11.9
(53.4)
8.3
(46.9)
4.8
(40.6)
1.4
(34.5)
−0.8
(30.6)
4.4
(39.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −4.6
(23.7)
−4.7
(23.5)
−3.6
(25.5)
−0.9
(30.4)
3.0
(37.4)
6.6
(43.9)
8.9
(48.0)
8.5
(47.3)
5.5
(41.9)
2.2
(36.0)
−1.4
(29.5)
−3.8
(25.2)
1.3
(34.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 88
(3.5)
81
(3.2)
70
(2.8)
63
(2.5)
48
(1.9)
56
(2.2)
73
(2.9)
74
(2.9)
110
(4.3)
144
(5.7)
103
(4.1)
107
(4.2)
1,017
(40.0)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 15.4 13.8 13.2 12.7 10.3 10.5 12.7 11.6 16.5 18.8 17.2 17.8 170.3
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[38]

Attractions edit

Man from the Sea edit

Looking out to sea from a rise above Vinje in the village of Bø stands the 'Man from the Sea', a 4.3-metre (14 ft) high figure of a man made from cast iron. The man is holding a crystal in his hands like a sacrifice to the sea. In the winter light, the crystal turns blue. The man stands with his back to the village of Bø, and looks out over the craggy archipelago towards the distinctive silhouette of Gaukværøya island.[39]

Notable people edit

  • Regine Normann (1867 in Bø – 1939), a Norwegian school teacher, novelist, and story writer
  • Ketil Vea (1932 in Bø – 2015), a Norwegian composer and pedagogue
  • Grethe Gynnild Johnsen (born 1959 in Bø), a Norwegian journalist and director of all regional offices for NRK
  • Bjørn Dæhlie (born 1967), a champion skier, intends to move to Bø for tax reasons [40]

References edit

  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  5. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. ^ Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  7. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1905). Norske gaardnavne: Nordlands amt (in Norwegian) (16 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 374.
  8. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway – Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  9. ^ "Bo, Nordland (Norway)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  10. ^ "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 7 August 1987. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  11. ^ "Bø Kommune" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  12. ^ "Population estimates October 1, 2007 for Nordland" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  13. ^ "Figures for Bø Kommune" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  14. ^ (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 9 February 2012. See list of gårdsnummer in right column
  15. ^ (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 10 February 2009.
  16. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  17. ^ Nikel, David (14 December 2020). "Wealthy Norwegians Are Moving To This Remote Tax Haven". Forbes. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  18. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  19. ^ "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 – Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  20. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  21. ^ "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 – Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  22. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  23. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  24. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  25. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  26. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  35. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  36. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  37. ^ . Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  38. ^ . Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original on 14 June 2004.
  39. ^ (in Norwegian). Northern Norway Tourist Board. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  40. ^ "Bjørn Dæhlie forklarer "skatteflukt": – Prøveprosjekt på ett år".

External links edit

  • Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
  •   Media related to Bø, Nordland at Wikimedia Commons

nordland, this, article, about, municipality, nordland, norway, village, vesterålen, norway, village, municipality, nordland, county, norway, part, vesterålen, region, administrative, centre, municipality, village, straume, grocery, gasoline, stations, additio. This article is about the municipality in Nordland Norway For the village in Vesteralen Norway see Bo Nordland village Bo is a municipality in Nordland county Norway It is part of the Vesteralen region The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Straume grocery and gasoline stations In addition to this Bo municipality consists of several other villages including Steine and Vinje grocery liquor store swimming pool movie theater and additional service infrastructure Gimstad Fjaervoll Straumsjoen Skarvagen Soberg Malnes Eidet grocery and hardware store Guvag Hovden Klakksjorda Nykvag Utskor Ringstad and Vagen The area named Bo in Bo municipality is the place where Bo Church built 1824 is located Bo Municipality Bo kommune6MunicipalityFlagCoat of armsNordland within NorwayBo within NordlandCoordinates 68 41 43 N 14 34 46 E 68 69528 N 14 57944 E 68 69528 14 57944CountryNorwayCountyNordlandDistrictVesteralenEstablished1 Jan 1838 Created asFormannskapsdistriktAdministrative centreStraumeGovernment Mayor 2007 Sture Pedersen H Area Total246 7 km2 95 3 sq mi Land234 9 km2 90 7 sq mi Water11 8 km2 4 6 sq mi 4 8 Rank 288 in NorwayPopulation 2023 Total2 584 Rank 248 in Norway Density11 km2 30 sq mi Change 10 years 2 6 DemonymBofjerding 1 Official language 2 Norwegian formNeutralTime zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST ISO 3166 codeNO 1867 3 WebsiteOfficial websiteData from Statistics Norway The Litloy Lighthouse is located on the tiny island of Litloya off the coast of Bo The 247 square kilometre 95 sq mi municipality is the 288th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway Bo is the 248th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2 584 The municipality s population density is 11 inhabitants per square kilometre 28 sq mi and its population has decreased by 2 6 over the previous 10 year period 4 5 Contents 1 General information 1 1 Name 1 2 Coat of arms 1 3 Churches 2 Population 3 Government 3 1 Taxation 3 2 Municipal council 3 3 Mayors 4 Geography 4 1 Climate 5 Attractions 5 1 Man from the Sea 6 Notable people 7 References 8 External linksGeneral information edit nbsp Hovden in Bo municipality nbsp View towards Ryggedalsvatnet lake in the distance northern part of Bo The municipality of Bo was established on 1 January 1838 see formannskapsdistrikt law On 1 January 1866 a small area of the neighboring Oksnes Municipality population 40 was transferred to Bo On 1 January 1964 the Krakberget village and the peninsula north of Krakberget population 271 was transferred from the neighboring municipality of Oksnes to Bo 6 Name edit The municipality originally the parish is named after the old Bo farm Old Norse Bœr since the first Bo Church was built there The name is identical to the word bœr which means farm or farmstead It is a cognate with the Dutch language word boer which means farmer 7 Coat of arms edit The coat of arms was granted on 7 August 1987 The official blazon is Sable a demi boat argent with a mast and a square sail Norwegian I svart en halv solv bat med mast og raseil This means the arms have a black field background and the charge is a half boat with a mast and a square sail The boat has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white but if it is made out of metal then silver is used This was chosen to represent the importance of fishing in Bo but also reminiscent of some old legends fairy tales in the region that include a half boat The sea ghost draugr travelled in a half boat The arms were designed by Rolf Tidemann 8 9 10 Churches edit The Church of Norway has one parish sokn within the municipality of Bo It is part of the Vesteralen prosti deanery in the Diocese of Sor Halogaland Churches in Bo Parish sokn Church name Location of the church Year built Bo og Malnes Bo Church Bo 1824 Malnes Church Eidet 1895Population editThe municipality has sustained a steady decline in population since the 1950s when 6 122 people lived in Bo The 2001 census showed that the population had declined to 3 156 11 while the fourth quarter population estimate for 2007 showed the population at 2866 12 The bureau of statistics projects a continued population decline 13 The municipality has 73 gardsnummer in the cadastre 14 The largest and densest population center is the Vinje Skagen and Steine area in the southwestern part of the municipality 15 which is designated as the village of Bo by Statistics Norway Government editAll municipalities in Norway are responsible for primary education through 10th grade outpatient health services senior citizen services welfare and other social services zoning economic development and municipal roads and utilities The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council 16 The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Midtre Halogaland District Court and the Halogaland Court of Appeal Taxation edit In 2020 the municipality announced a reduction in its wealth tax creating a tax shelter unique in Norway in order to encourage population growth The state charges a 0 85 wealth tax on an individual s global assets above 1 5 million Norwegian kroner Of this 0 15 goes to the state and the remaining 0 7 goes to the individual s municipality of residence Bo announced that after January 2021 it would reduce its stake to just from 0 7 to 0 2 and thus reducing the tax collected from 0 85 to 0 35 17 Municipal council edit The municipal council Kommunestyre of Bo is made up of 19 representatives that are elected to four year terms The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party Bo kommunestyre 2024 2027 18 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 2 Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 1 Conservative Party Hoyre 9 Centre Party Senterpartiet 2 Liberal Party Venstre 3 Joint list of the Red Party Rodt and the Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 2Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 2019 2023 19 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 2 Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 1 Conservative Party Hoyre 11 Centre Party Senterpartiet 4 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 2015 2019 20 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 1 Centre Party Senterpartiet 2 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1 Liberal Party Venstre 3 Joint list of the Conservative Party Hoyre and the Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 12Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 2011 2015 21 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 2 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Joint list of the Conservative Party Hoyre and the Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 12Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 2007 2011 20 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 6 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Joint list of the Conservative Party Hoyre and the Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 8Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 2003 2007 20 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 3 Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet 2 Conservative Party Hoyre 3 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 1 Centre Party Senterpartiet 7 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 1Total number of members 19 Bo kommunestyre 1999 2003 20 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 4 Conservative Party Hoyre 5 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 1 Coastal Party Kystpartiet 3 Centre Party Senterpartiet 9 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1 Liberal Party Venstre 1 Midtbygda s common list Midtbygdas fellesliste 1Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1995 1999 22 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 4 Conservative Party Hoyre 4 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 6 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 3 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 2Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1991 1995 23 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 6 Conservative Party Hoyre 4 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 2 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 3 Liberal Party Venstre 1 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 4 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 3Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1987 1991 24 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 6 Conservative Party Hoyre 4 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 5 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 4Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1983 1987 25 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 8 Conservative Party Hoyre 5 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 1 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 1 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 4 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 2Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1979 1983 26 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 6 Conservative Party Hoyre 5 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 1 Socialist Left Party Sosialistisk Venstreparti 1 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 6 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 2Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1975 1979 27 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 6 Conservative Party Hoyre 2 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 1 Liberal Party Venstre 1 Nordbygden s Common List Nordbygdens Fellesliste 9 Midtbygden s Common List Midtbygdens Fellesliste 4Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1971 1975 28 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 6 Conservative Party Hoyre 2 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 1 Liberal Party Venstre 2 Local List s Lokale lister 11 Socialist common list Venstresosialistiske felleslister 1Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1967 1971 29 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 12 Conservative Party Hoyre 3 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Centre Party Senterpartiet 1 Socialist People s Party Sosialistisk Folkeparti 3 Liberal Party Venstre 4Total number of members 25 Bo kommunestyre 1963 1967 30 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Conservative Party Hoyre 4 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 3 Socialist People s Party Sosialistisk Folkeparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 5Total number of members 25 Bo herredsstyre 1959 1963 31 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Conservative Party Hoyre 4 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 2 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 3 Liberal Party Venstre 5Total number of members 25 Bo herredsstyre 1955 1959 32 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Conservative Party Hoyre 3 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 2 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 3 Liberal Party Venstre 6Total number of members 25 Bo herredsstyre 1951 1955 33 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 2 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 7 Joint List s of Non Socialist Parties Borgerlige Felleslister 2Total number of members 24 Bo herredsstyre 1947 1951 34 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 3 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 3 Liberal Party Venstre 7Total number of members 24 Bo herredsstyre 1945 1947 35 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 11 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 5 Christian Democratic Party Kristelig Folkeparti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 6Total number of members 24 Bo herredsstyre 1937 1941 36 Party name in Norwegian Number ofrepresentatives Labour Party Arbeiderpartiet 13 Communist Party Kommunistiske Parti 2 Liberal Party Venstre 5 List of workers fishermen and small farmholders Arbeidere fiskere smabrukere liste 1 Joint List s of Non Socialist Parties Borgerlige Felleslister 3Total number of members 24Note Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945 Mayors edit The mayors Norwegian ordforer of Bo incomplete list 1863 1864 John Rost Olsen 1881 1888 John Rost Olsen 1889 1910 William Martinussen V 1917 1934 William Martinussen V 1945 1945 Jens Steffensen Ap 2003 2007 Viggo Johnsen Sp 2007 present Sture Pedersen H Geography editThe municipality of Bo lies on the island of Langoya and many small surrounding islets including Litloya and Gaukvaeroy The Norwegian County Road 820 is the only road that connects Bo to the rest of Norway via the 1 612 metre 5 289 ft long Ryggedal Tunnel connecting Bo to the neighboring municipalities of Oksnes and Sortland Climate edit Bo has a subpolar oceanic climate and is close to a temperate oceanic climate Bo is the northernmost location in the world with all monthly means above 0 C 32 F The current weather station is on the south coast of the island An earlier weather station was located more inland on the island in a flat marshy area and had recorded up to 30 C 86 F in July and down to 20 C 4 F in February Climate data for Bo i Vesteralen 1991 2020 8 m extremes 2003 2023 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high C F 9 48 8 46 10 50 17 2 63 0 22 4 72 3 27 6 81 7 28 8 83 8 28 4 83 1 20 6 69 1 16 6 61 9 13 55 9 5 49 1 28 8 83 8 Daily mean C F 0 8 33 4 0 1 32 2 0 7 33 3 3 37 6 5 43 7 9 8 49 6 12 5 54 5 12 3 54 1 9 7 49 5 5 8 42 4 3 5 38 3 1 8 35 2 5 5 41 9 Record low C F 11 4 11 5 11 6 11 1 9 8 14 4 6 4 20 5 2 7 27 1 0 9 33 6 4 7 40 5 2 8 37 0 0 7 33 3 4 3 24 3 7 7 18 1 9 2 15 4 11 6 11 1 Average precipitation mm inches 83 3 3 71 2 8 73 2 9 53 2 1 47 1 9 41 1 6 49 1 9 57 2 2 84 3 3 99 3 9 96 3 8 99 3 9 852 33 6 Source Norwegian Meteorological Institute 37 Climate data for Bo i Vesteralen 1961 1990 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum C F 0 8 33 4 0 6 33 1 1 6 34 9 4 2 39 6 9 2 48 6 12 7 54 9 15 2 59 4 14 7 58 5 10 8 51 4 6 9 44 4 3 4 38 1 1 5 34 7 6 8 44 2 Daily mean C F 1 4 29 5 1 5 29 3 0 6 30 9 1 9 35 4 6 4 43 5 9 7 49 5 12 1 53 8 11 9 53 4 8 3 46 9 4 8 40 6 1 4 34 5 0 8 30 6 4 4 39 9 Mean daily minimum C F 4 6 23 7 4 7 23 5 3 6 25 5 0 9 30 4 3 0 37 4 6 6 43 9 8 9 48 0 8 5 47 3 5 5 41 9 2 2 36 0 1 4 29 5 3 8 25 2 1 3 34 3 Average precipitation mm inches 88 3 5 81 3 2 70 2 8 63 2 5 48 1 9 56 2 2 73 2 9 74 2 9 110 4 3 144 5 7 103 4 1 107 4 2 1 017 40 0 Average precipitation days 1 mm 15 4 13 8 13 2 12 7 10 3 10 5 12 7 11 6 16 5 18 8 17 2 17 8 170 3 Source Norwegian Meteorological Institute 38 Attractions editMan from the Sea edit Looking out to sea from a rise above Vinje in the village of Bo stands the Man from the Sea a 4 3 metre 14 ft high figure of a man made from cast iron The man is holding a crystal in his hands like a sacrifice to the sea In the winter light the crystal turns blue The man stands with his back to the village of Bo and looks out over the craggy archipelago towards the distinctive silhouette of Gaukvaeroya island 39 Notable people editRegine Normann 1867 in Bo 1939 a Norwegian school teacher novelist and story writer Ketil Vea 1932 in Bo 2015 a Norwegian composer and pedagogue Grethe Gynnild Johnsen born 1959 in Bo a Norwegian journalist and director of all regional offices for NRK Bjorn Daehlie born 1967 a champion skier intends to move to Bo for tax reasons 40 References edit Navn pa steder og personer Innbyggjarnamn in Norwegian Sprakradet Forskrift om malvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar in Norwegian Lovdata no Bolstad Erik Thorsnaes Geir eds 26 January 2023 Kommunenummer Store norske leksikon in Norwegian Kunnskapsforlaget Statistisk sentralbyra Table 06913 Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year M in Norwegian Statistisk sentralbyra 09280 Area of land and fresh water km M in Norwegian Jukvam Dag 1999 Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune og fylkesinndelingen PDF in Norwegian Statistisk sentralbyra Rygh Oluf 1905 Norske gaardnavne Nordlands amt in Norwegian 16 ed Kristiania Norge W C Fabritius amp sonners bogtrikkeri p 374 Civic heraldry of Norway Norske Kommunevapen Heraldry of the World Retrieved 30 January 2023 Bo Nordland Norway Flags of the World Retrieved 30 January 2023 Godkjenning av vapen og flagg Lovdata no in Norwegian Norges kommunal og arbeidsdepartementet 7 August 1987 Retrieved 30 January 2023 Bo Kommune PDF in Norwegian Statistics Norway Population estimates October 1 2007 for Nordland in Norwegian Statistics Norway Retrieved 19 November 2008 Figures for Bo Kommune in Norwegian Statistics Norway Retrieved 19 November 2008 Kuling 2 0 in Norwegian Archived from the original on 9 February 2012 See list of gardsnummer in right column Kuling 2 0 entry on Vinje gard in Norwegian Archived from the original on 10 February 2009 Hansen Tore Vabo Signy Irene eds 20 September 2022 kommunestyre Store norske leksikon in Norwegian Kunnskapsforlaget Retrieved 14 October 2022 Nikel David 14 December 2020 Wealthy Norwegians Are Moving To This Remote Tax Haven Forbes Retrieved 22 April 2021 Kommunestyrevalg 2023 Nordland Valg Direktoratet Retrieved 27 December 2023 Tall for Norge Kommunestyrevalg 2019 Nordland Valg Direktoratet Retrieved 27 October 2019 a b c d Table 04813 Members of the local councils by party electoral list at the Municipal Council election M in Norwegian Statistics Norway Tall for Norge Kommunestyrevalg 2011 Nordland Valg Direktoratet Retrieved 27 October 2019 Kommunestyrevalget 1995 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Kongsvinger Statistisk sentralbyra 1996 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunestyrevalget 1991 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Kongsvinger Statistisk sentralbyra 1993 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunestyrevalget 1987 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Kongsvinger Statistisk sentralbyra 1988 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunestyrevalget 1983 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Kongsvinger Statistisk sentralbyra 1984 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunestyrevalget 1979 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1979 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene 1975 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1977 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene 1972 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1973 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene 1967 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1967 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene 1963 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1964 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1959 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1960 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1955 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1957 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1951 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1952 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1947 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1948 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1945 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1947 Retrieved 18 March 2020 Kommunevalgene og Ordforervalgene 1937 PDF in Norwegian Oslo Statistisk sentralbyra 1938 Retrieved 18 March 2020 eKlima Archived from the original on 28 January 2021 Retrieved 4 February 2021 eKlima Web Portal Norwegian Meteorological Institute Archived from the original on 14 June 2004 Man from the sea in Norwegian Northern Norway Tourist Board Archived from the original on 31 March 2019 Retrieved 7 November 2017 Bjorn Daehlie forklarer skatteflukt Proveprosjekt pa ett ar External links editMunicipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway in Norwegian nbsp Media related to Bo Nordland at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bo Nordland amp oldid 1215767110, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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