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Bush plane

January 26, 2023

A bush airplane is a general aviation aircraft used to provide both scheduled and unscheduled passenger and flight services to remote, undeveloped areas, such as the Canadian north or bush, Alaskan tundra, the African bush, or savanna, Amazon rainforest or the Australian Outback. They are used where ground transportation infrastructure is inadequate or does not exist.[1]

An American Champion Scout. Note the oversized tundra tires, for use on rough surfaces.

Common traits

Since a bush plane is defined by how it is used, a wide variety of different aircraft with different configurations have been used over the years as such. However, experience has shown certain traits to be desirable, and so they appear frequently, especially on aircraft specifically designed as bush planes. None of these traits are mandatory - merely they are commonly seen features of bush planes.

  • The undercarriage is designed to be fitted with floats, skis or wheel/skis to permit operation from water or snow—primarily for Canadian, Alaskan and Russian use.
  • High wings ease loading and unloading, particularly from docks; improve downward visibility during flight; and increase clearance to reduce the potential for damage during landing, take-off, loading, or unloading.
  • Conventional or "tail dragger" landing gear—two large main wheels and a small rear wheel—reduces both weight and drag, increasing the aircraft's speed and useful load. It reduces stress on the airframe compared to a nosewheel. A failure is also less critical, as a broken tailwheel is easily repaired and won't prevent the aircraft from flying, unlike a broken nose wheel.
  • Short runway performance and low-speed flight characteristics are typically improved by high aspect ratio wings and high-lift devices such as flaps, slots and slats.
  • Very large, low-pressure tundra tires may be fitted to enable the pilot to operate from broken ground. It is not uncommon for a bush pilot to land and take off from unprepared surfaces.
  • Piston engines are preferred over turboprops, as they are cheaper to build and maintain and easier to start without the aid of ground facilities. In extremely remote areas where avgas can be difficult to acquire, some bush pilots prefer turboprop engines that can burn kerosene-derived jet fuel.

Current and historical bush planes

Years in brackets are of first flight.

Aviation museums with large collections of bush planes

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ . Archived from the original on 2016-11-01. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
  2. ^ Anderson, 2004, p.82
  3. ^ Foster, 1990, p.74-79
  4. ^ Foster, 1990, p.189-191
  5. ^ Foster, 1990, p.174, 190
  6. ^ Foster, 1990, p.191
  7. ^ Anderson, 2004, p.31
  8. ^ Foster, 1990, p.97, 102, 175
  9. ^ Foster, 1990, p.156
  10. ^ Foster, 1990, p.64-65, 156
  11. ^ Foster, 1990, p.191, 197
  12. ^ Foster, 1990, p.43-45
  13. ^ Foster, 1990, p.48
  14. ^ Cole, 1986, p.4
  15. ^ Foster, 1990, p.74, 131, 188
  16. ^ Foster, 1990, p.139
  17. ^ Foster, 1990, p.105, 200
  18. ^ Foster, 1990, p.173, 190
  19. ^ Foster, 1990, p.199
  20. ^ Foster, 1990, p.199, 201
  21. ^ Foster, 1990, p.202, 207, 210
  22. ^ Foster, 1990, p.177, 188
  23. ^ Foster, 1990, p.204
  24. ^ Cole, 1986, p.34-38
  25. ^ Foster, 1990, p.135
  26. ^ Foster, 1990, p.107, 115, 138
  27. ^ Foster, 1990, p.136, 138
  28. ^ Cole, 1986, p.49-55
  29. ^ Foster, 1990, p.4
  30. ^ Foster, 1990, p.53, 56-57
  31. ^ Foster, 1990, p.52-53, 56-57, 70-71
  32. ^ Cole, 1986, p.39-42
  33. ^ Foster, 1990, p.152, 155
  34. ^ Foster, 1990, p.207-208
  35. ^ a b Foster, 1990, p.197
  36. ^ Foster, 1990, p.204, 208
  37. ^ Foster, 1990, p.36-41
  38. ^ Foster, 1990, p.180
  39. ^ Foster, 1990, p.101-102, 158, 166, 188.
  40. ^ Foster, 1990, p.180-181
  41. ^ Foster, 1990, p.95-98
  42. ^ Foster, 1990, p.142-143, 174, 188
  43. ^ Foster, 1990, p.195, 198
  44. ^ Cole, 1986, p.45-48
  45. ^ Foster, 1990, p.47
  46. ^ Foster, 1990, p.194

Bibliography

  • Anderson, Frank W.; Downs, Art (2004). The Death of Albert Johnson - Mad Trapper of Rat River. Surrey, BC: Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN 1-894384-03-2.
  • Boer, Peter (2004). Bush Pilots - Canada's Wilderness Daredevils. Canada: Folklore Publishing. ISBN 1-894864-12-3.
  • Cole, Dermot (1986). Frank Barr - Bush pilot in Alaska and the Yukon. Edmonds, WA: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co. ISBN 0-88240-314-1.
  • Foster, J.A. (1990). The Bush Pilots - A pictorial history of a Canadian phenomenon. Toronto, ON: McClelland & Stewart Inc. ISBN 0-7710-3245-5.
  • Keith, Ronald A. (1972). Bush Pilot with a briefcase. Toronto, ON: Doubleday Canada. ISBN 0-385-07049-7.
  • Matheson, Shirlee Smith (1994). Flying the Frontiers. Saskatoon, SK: Fifth House. ISBN 978-1895618518.
  • Terpening, Rex (2006). Bent Props and Blow Pots - A Pioneer Remembers Northern Bush Flying. Madeira Park, BC: Harour Publishing. ISBN 1-55017-381-2.
  • West, Bruce (1974). The Firebirds - How bush flying earned its wings. Ministry of Natural Resources (Ontario). ASIN B0089GQ3EE.
  • Milberry, Larry (1985). Austin Airways - Canada's Oldest Airline. Toronto, ON: CANAV Books. ISBN 978-0969070337.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bush planes.

January 26, 2023
bush, plane, bush, airplane, general, aviation, aircraft, used, provide, both, scheduled, unscheduled, passenger, flight, services, remote, undeveloped, areas, such, canadian, north, bush, alaskan, tundra, african, bush, savanna, amazon, rainforest, australian. A bush airplane is a general aviation aircraft used to provide both scheduled and unscheduled passenger and flight services to remote undeveloped areas such as the Canadian north or bush Alaskan tundra the African bush or savanna Amazon rainforest or the Australian Outback They are used where ground transportation infrastructure is inadequate or does not exist 1 An American Champion Scout Note the oversized tundra tires for use on rough surfaces Contents 1 Common traits 2 Current and historical bush planes 3 Aviation museums with large collections of bush planes 4 See also 5 References 5 1 Citations 5 2 Bibliography 6 External linksCommon traits EditSince a bush plane is defined by how it is used a wide variety of different aircraft with different configurations have been used over the years as such However experience has shown certain traits to be desirable and so they appear frequently especially on aircraft specifically designed as bush planes None of these traits are mandatory merely they are commonly seen features of bush planes The undercarriage is designed to be fitted with floats skis or wheel skis to permit operation from water or snow primarily for Canadian Alaskan and Russian use High wings ease loading and unloading particularly from docks improve downward visibility during flight and increase clearance to reduce the potential for damage during landing take off loading or unloading Conventional or tail dragger landing gear two large main wheels and a small rear wheel reduces both weight and drag increasing the aircraft s speed and useful load It reduces stress on the airframe compared to a nosewheel A failure is also less critical as a broken tailwheel is easily repaired and won t prevent the aircraft from flying unlike a broken nose wheel Short runway performance and low speed flight characteristics are typically improved by high aspect ratio wings and high lift devices such as flaps slots and slats Very large low pressure tundra tires may be fitted to enable the pilot to operate from broken ground It is not uncommon for a bush pilot to land and take off from unprepared surfaces Piston engines are preferred over turboprops as they are cheaper to build and maintain and easier to start without the aid of ground facilities In extremely remote areas where avgas can be difficult to acquire some bush pilots prefer turboprop engines that can burn kerosene derived jet fuel Current and historical bush planes EditYears in brackets are of first flight This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items July 2012 AAC Angel 1984 Aermacchi AL 60 1959 Antonov An 2 1947 Antonov An 14 1958 Antonov An 28 1968 Antonov An 38 1994 Auster Autocrat 1945 Aviat Husky 1986 Avro Avian 1926 2 3 Avro Anson 1935 4 Avro York 1942 Bach T 11P 1927 Barkley Grow T8P 1 1937 Barrows Bearhawk 1995 Beechcraft Model 17 Staggerwing 1932 5 Beechcraft Model 18 1937 6 Bellanca CH 300 Pacemaker 1929 7 8 Bellanca CH 400 Skyrocket 1930 Bellanca Aircruiser 1930 9 Bellanca Senior Pacemaker 1935 Bellanca Senior Skyrocket 1935 Boeing B1E 1928 10 Bristol Freighter 1945 Britten Norman BN 2 Islander 1965 Buhl Airsedan 1928 Bushcaddy L 162 Max 1995 Bushcaddy L 164 2007 Canadian Vickers Vedette 1924 Cessna Crane 1939 Cessna 172 1956 Cessna 180 1952 Cessna 182 Skylane 1956 Cessna 185 Skywagon 1960 Cessna 206 Stationair 1962 Cessna 208 Caravan 1982 Champion Citabria 1964 Consolidated Catalina Canso 1935 11 Curtiss HS 1917 12 Curtiss Lark 1925 13 Curtiss Robin 1928 Curtiss Thrush 1929 Curtiss Wright C 46 Commando 1940 Curtiss Wright Junior 1930 de Havilland DH 60 Moth 1925 14 15 de Havilland DH 61 Giant Moth 1927 16 de Havilland DH 82 Tiger Moth 1931 de Havilland DH 83 Fox Moth 1932 17 de Havilland DH 89 Dragon Rapide 1934 18 de Havilland DH 90 Dragonfly 1935 de Havilland Australia DHA 3 Drover 1948 de Havilland Canada DHC 2 Beaver 1947 19 de Havilland Canada DHC 3 Otter 1951 20 de Havilland Canada DHC 4 Caribou 1958 de Havilland Canada DHC 6 Twin Otter 1965 21 Dornier Do 27 1955 Douglas Dolphin 1930 Douglas DC 3 Douglas C 47 1935 22 Douglas DC 4 1942 23 Eastman E 2 Sea Rover 1928 24 Evangel 4500 1964 Fairchild 24 1932 Fairchild C 82 Packet 1944 Fairchild FC 2 51 1926 25 Fairchild 71 1926 26 Fairchild Super 71 1934 27 Fairchild 100 1930 28 Fairchild 82 1935 Fairchild F 11 Husky 1946 Fieseler Fi 156 1936 Fleet Freighter 1938 Fokker Universal 1926 29 30 Fokker Super Universal 1928 31 Fokker F 11 1928 32 Ford Trimotor 1926 33 Found FBA 2 1960 GAF Nomad 1971 Gippsland GA8 1995 Gippsland GA10 2012 Grumman Goose 1937 34 Grumman Widgeon 1940 35 Grumman Mallard 1946 36 Halpin Flamingo 1929 Hamilton H 47 1928 Helio Courier 1954 Howard DGA 8 9 11 12 1936 Howard DGA 15 1939 Johns Ra Son Warrior 1947 Junkers F 13 1919 37 Junkers G 31 1926 Junkers W 33 1926 38 Junkers W 34 1926 39 Junkers Ju 52 1m 1930 40 Kitfox 1984 Lake Buccaneer 1960 Lockheed Vega 1927 41 Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar 1939 Max Holste Broussard 1952 Maule M 7 1984 Murphy Rebel 1990 Murphy Moose 1995 Murphy Elite 1996 Noorduyn Norseman 1935 42 Northrop N 23 Pioneer 1946 Northwest Ranger 1968 PAC P 750 XSTOL 2001 Piper J 3 Cub 1938 Piper PA 18 Super Cub 1949 43 Piper PA 22 Bushmaster Piper PA 23 1952 Pipistrel Virus SW 2006 Pilatus PC 6 Porter Turbo Porter 1959 Polikarpov Po 2 1927 PZL 104 Wilga 1962 Quest Kodiak 2004 Rans S 7 Courier 1985 Republic RC 3 Seabee 1945 35 Rutan Grizzly 1982 Ryan Brougham 1927 Shavrov Sh 2 1930 Short SC 7 Skyvan 1963 Sikorsky S 38 1928 Sikorsky S 39 1929 Stearman C3 1927 Stearman M 2 1929 Stearman 4 1930 Stinson Detroiter 1926 Stinson Junior 1928 44 Stinson Model A 1934 Stinson Reliant 1933 Stinson Voyager 1939 Stinson 108 1946 Supermarine Sea Otter converted after 2nd World War Technoavia SM92 Finist 1993 Travel Air 6000 1928 Vickers Viking 1919 45 Waco 10 1927 Waco Standard Cabin series 1931 Waco AQC 6 Waco ZQC 6 Freighter 1936 46 Westland Limousine 1919 Wild DoubleEnder 2010 Yakovlev Yak 12 1947 Zenith STOL CH 701 1986 Aviation museums with large collections of bush planes EditAlberta Aviation Museum Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum Canada Aviation and Space Museum Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre Western Canada Aviation MuseumSee also Edit Aviation portal Alaska portalList of STOL aircraft Floatplane Ontario Provincial Air Service played major role in the development of bush flying and bushplanes Bush flyingReferences EditCitations Edit Bush planes used in areas where roads do not exist Archived from the original on 2016 11 01 Retrieved 2010 01 13 Anderson 2004 p 82 Foster 1990 p 74 79 Foster 1990 p 189 191 Foster 1990 p 174 190 Foster 1990 p 191 Anderson 2004 p 31 Foster 1990 p 97 102 175 Foster 1990 p 156 Foster 1990 p 64 65 156 Foster 1990 p 191 197 Foster 1990 p 43 45 Foster 1990 p 48 Cole 1986 p 4 Foster 1990 p 74 131 188 Foster 1990 p 139 Foster 1990 p 105 200 Foster 1990 p 173 190 Foster 1990 p 199 Foster 1990 p 199 201 Foster 1990 p 202 207 210 Foster 1990 p 177 188 Foster 1990 p 204 Cole 1986 p 34 38 Foster 1990 p 135 Foster 1990 p 107 115 138 Foster 1990 p 136 138 Cole 1986 p 49 55 Foster 1990 p 4 Foster 1990 p 53 56 57 Foster 1990 p 52 53 56 57 70 71 Cole 1986 p 39 42 Foster 1990 p 152 155 Foster 1990 p 207 208 a b Foster 1990 p 197 Foster 1990 p 204 208 Foster 1990 p 36 41 Foster 1990 p 180 Foster 1990 p 101 102 158 166 188 Foster 1990 p 180 181 Foster 1990 p 95 98 Foster 1990 p 142 143 174 188 Foster 1990 p 195 198 Cole 1986 p 45 48 Foster 1990 p 47 Foster 1990 p 194 Bibliography Edit Anderson Frank W Downs Art 2004 The Death of Albert Johnson Mad Trapper of Rat River Surrey BC Heritage House Publishing Co ISBN 1 894384 03 2 Boer Peter 2004 Bush Pilots Canada s Wilderness Daredevils Canada Folklore Publishing ISBN 1 894864 12 3 Cole Dermot 1986 Frank Barr Bush pilot in Alaska and the Yukon Edmonds WA Alaska Northwest Publishing Co ISBN 0 88240 314 1 Foster J A 1990 The Bush Pilots A pictorial history of a Canadian phenomenon Toronto ON McClelland amp Stewart Inc ISBN 0 7710 3245 5 Keith Ronald A 1972 Bush Pilot with a briefcase Toronto ON Doubleday Canada ISBN 0 385 07049 7 Matheson Shirlee Smith 1994 Flying the Frontiers Saskatoon SK Fifth House ISBN 978 1895618518 Terpening Rex 2006 Bent Props and Blow Pots A Pioneer Remembers Northern Bush Flying Madeira Park BC Harour Publishing ISBN 1 55017 381 2 West Bruce 1974 The Firebirds How bush flying earned its wings Ministry of Natural Resources Ontario ASIN B0089GQ3EE Milberry Larry 1985 Austin Airways Canada s Oldest Airline Toronto ON CANAV Books ISBN 978 0969070337 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bush planes Bush planes com Archived 2016 11 01 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bush plane amp oldid 1131341653, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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